scholarly journals Purple wheat as a source of anthocyanins and its effect on the metabolism of rabbits

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 539-546
Author(s):  
O Stastnik ◽  
E Mrkvicova ◽  
L Pavlata ◽  
E Anzenbacherova ◽  
J Prokop ◽  
...  

The effects of feeding rabbits a diet that includes wheat enriched with anthocyanins were examined in this study. In addition to the animal’s performance, the basic carcass yield indicators and the basic indicators of the clinical biochemistry were also evaluated. The experiment was carried out using 18 HYLA female rabbits. The trial was performed at the age of 42 to 103 days. The experimental group (n = 9) received a pelleted feed mixture containing 15% PS Karkulka wheat. The control group (n = 9) received a pelleted feed mixture containing the common wheat variety Vanessa with a minimal anthocyanin content. There were no significant differences (P &gt; 0.05) between the control and experimental group in the live weight on the 103<sup>rd</sup> day. The same trend was found in the average weight gain per trial and in the feed conversion ratio. The average feed consumption was higher (P &lt; 0.05) in the control group compared to the experimental group. There was also a higher (P &lt; 0.05) carcass weight in the control group of the rabbits compared to the experimental group. There were no differences in the percentage carcass yield between the groups. The biochemical indicators and antioxidant activities did not differ between the two groups of rabbits (P &gt; 0.05). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the use of 15% PS Karkulka wheat in the feed ration for HYLA broiler rabbits was safe and may be fed to broiler rabbits.

Author(s):  
М.М. САДЫКОВ ◽  
М.П. АЛИХАНОВ ◽  
А.Г. СИМОНОВ ◽  
Г.А. СИМОНОВ

Изучены рост и развитие бычков — помесей красной степной с казахской белоголовой породой в равнинной провинции Дагестана. Установлено, что помесный молодняк, по сравнению с чистопородным скотом красной степной породы, имеет более высокую живую массу при рождении на 1,8 кг, или 7,3%. При отъеме в 8-месячном возрасте помеси имели живую массу 210 кг против 187,6 кг у красного степного молодняка, что на 22,4 кг, или 11,9% выше. В 12-, 15- и 18-месячном возрасте живая масса помесных бычков равнялась 291,8 кг, 359,7 и 436,6 кг, соответственно, или на 28 кг, 36 и 45,8 кг больше по сравнению с красным степным скотом. Среднесуточные приросты помесных бычков за период выращивания и откорма составили 760 г, что выше на 12,1% по сравнению с чистопородным красным степным молодняком. После заключительного откорма и убоя помесные бычки дали тяжеловесные туши с хорошим поливом. По массе парной туши они превосходили чистопородных аналогов на 31,3 кг, или 15,6% с преимуществом выхода туши на 2,4%. Убойный выход у бычков опытной группы составил 58,7%, контрольной — 55,8%. От помесных бычков были получены тяжеловесные шкуры массой 27,1 кг, от чистопородных — 21,6 кг, преимущество по этому показателю имели помесные животные 5,5 кг, или 25,4%. Для увеличения производства говядины в равнинной провинции Дагестана рекомендуем скрещивание коров красной степной породы с быками казахской белоголовой породы. The growth and development of bulls of red steppe crossbreeds with the Kazakh white-headed breed in the flat province of Dagestan were studied. It was found that young crossbreed animals in comparison with purebred red steppe cattle have a higher live weight at birth by 1,8 kg or 7,3%. When weaning at 8 months of age, cross-bred bulls had a live weight of 210 kg against 187,6 kg in red steppe young, which is 22,4 kg, or 11,9% higher. At 12, 15 and 18 months of age, the live weight of crossbred bulls was 291,8 kg, 359,7 and 436,6 kg, respectively, or 28 kg, 36 and 45,8 kg more than the red steppe cattle. The average daily growth of cross-bred bulls during the growing and fattening period was 760 g compared to 678 g, that is, they were 12,1% higher compared to purebred red steppe young. After the final fattening and slaughter, the cross-bred bulls gave heavy carcasses with good watering. By weight of the paired carcass, they were superior to purebred counterparts by 31,3 kg or 15,6% with an advantage of 2,4% carcass yield. The slaughter yield of bulls in the experimental group was 58,7%, 55,8% in the control group, respectively, with an advantage in favor of crossbreeds of 2,9%. Heavy skins weighing 27,1 kg were obtained from crossbreed bulls, 21,6 kg from purebred ones, and crossbreed animals of 5,5 kg or 25,4% had an advantage in this indicator. Studies have shown that in order to increase beef production in the lowland province of Dagestan, it is necessary to use crossbreeding of the breeding stock of the red steppe breed with bulls of the Kazakh white-headed breed.


Author(s):  
Lucian IONITA ◽  
Elena POPESCU-MICLOSANU ◽  
George NICA ◽  
Cornel Octavian PANA

The purposes of determining the influence of the light and sexing on growth performance and slaughter results atyoung quails from Balotesti population, was organized an experiment on 150 quails, betwen age of 28 and 70 days. The chicks were divided into two groups (control and experimental), and growth and slaughter performance were determined separately by sex. Have studied 2 lighting programs, a program of continous lighting with photoperiod duration of 16 hours (16 L + 8 N, control group) and a program with lighting with asymetric hours intervals with photoperiod duration of 16 hours (10L+2N+6L+6N, experimental group).Males and females from the experimental group were recorded average performance of growth high during the period 28 - 70 days. Live weight at age of 70 days was higher with 7.54 %, average weight gain was higher with 14.86 % and feed conversion rate was lower with 13.51 % at males from experimental group compared to males from the control group. Also, the live weight at the age of 70 days was higher with 18.09 %; average weight gain was higher with 35.12 %, while feed conversion rate was reduced with 30.08 % on females from the experimental group compared to females from the control group.The results of the slaughter at 70 days were superior in the caseof females from the both groups versus males. The average weight of the carcase was higher with 17.53 % in case of the females than that of males from the experimental group, and the carcase yield was 65.37 % at the females and 65.56 % for males. Also, the average weight of the carcase was higher with 5.08 % in case of females compared to that males from the control group, and the carcase yield was 64.20 % to females 66.70 % on males.Superior results recorded in the case of females and males from the experimental group recommended the program of lighting with asymmetric hours intervals in the growth of youth quail. Also, the higher slaughter results recorded in the case of females of the two groups recommended them in the meat production through a broiler of quail that combine advantages in the production of both males and females. 


Author(s):  
S. A. Shpуnova ◽  
O. A. Yadrishchenskaya ◽  
T. V. Selina ◽  
E. A. Basova

In order to increase the meat productivity of broiler chickens, increase production volumes and reduce the prime-cost of poultry products, it is necessary not only to ensure balanced feeding and compliance with production technology but also to include in the poultry diet non-traditional additives, biologically active substances that contribute to the normalization of metabolic processes and improve the digestibility of feed nutrients. One of these dietary additives is Betulin extracted from birch bark, which has antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. In this regard, the purpose of the research was to study the influence of compound feed with the introduction of 2 % feed additive based on a synthetic microspherical nanoporous carbon carrier containing biologically active Betulin in its composition on the productivity of broilers. The results of studies on broiler chickens using compound feed with 2 % feed additive have been presented in the article. It has been found that the feed consumption per 1 kg of live weight gain in poultry of the experimental group have been lower by 9,5 % due to better absorption of nutrients, the live weight of broiler chickens of the experimental group at the age of 42 days was 2625,6 g and it was higher than the control group by 3,68 %. The digestibility of crude protein and fat reached 92,73 and 88,03 %, which exceeded the control group by 1,03 and 3,03 abs.%, respectively. It has been found that the use of compound feed with 2 % of the feed additive with the biologically active substance is of practical importance in connection with the increase in the productivity of broilers and the level of profitability of meat production by 8,2 abs.%.


Author(s):  
B. S. Kaloev ◽  
M. O. Ibragimov ◽  
M. M. Shagaipov

The reliability of the results obtained in scientific and economic experiments on the study of the effectiveness of the use of various feed components, including biologically active substances in the rearing of broilers needs to be confi rmed in production conditions. The purpose of the research was to study the joint use of enzyme drugs and lecithin in the rearing of broiler chickens. The results of production experiment on the study of the effectiveness of the joint inclusion of enzyme drugs Sunzyme and Sunfyse 5000 as well as lecithin in the diet of broiler chickens of the cross Ross-308 have been presented in the article. Production tests have been carried out under the conditions of the breeding farm “Achkhoy– Martanovsky” in the Chechen Republic. The duration of the experiment was 45 days. For research on the principle of analog groups two groups have been formed: a control group and an experimental group of 1000 heads in each. The broilers of the control group have been fed compound feed prepared in accordance with the growing period and consisting mainly of grain components of local production. The broilers of the experimental group have been fed the same compound feed, but with the addition of two enzyme drugs Sanzyme and Sanfyse 5000 (100 g/t of feed) as well as lecithin (10 g/kg of feed). The results of the production experiment fully confi rmed the data obtained in the scientific and economic experiment. The positive effect of the joint use of the studied enzyme drugs and lecithin has been manifested in all the studied productive traits. In particular, the increase in live weight of broilers increased by 12,1 %, slaughter yield by 3,5 %, the yield of carcasses of the 1st category by 3,0 %. The main economic indicators also found their confirmation: feed consumption per unit of growth decreased by 11,7 %, additional profit was received in the amount of 27308,2 rubles, the level of profitability of broiler rearing increased by 18,4 %.


2020 ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
И.Ю. Постраш ◽  
И.В. Сучкова ◽  
Е.Г. Скворцова ◽  
О.В. Филинская ◽  
А.В. Мостофина

Изучение влияния пробиотического препарата ЭМ-курунга на приросты, анализы крови и помёта птиц проведено на примере цыплят техасских белых перепелов. В качестве объекта исследований использовались цыплята перепелов, начиная с суточного возраста. Средняя масса цыплят на начало эксперимента составила 9,2±0,12 г. Цыплят забивали в возрасте 90 суток. Установлено, что введение в рацион цыплят пробиотического препарата ЭМ-курунга в количестве 0,2 мл на 1 кг живого веса увеличивает сохранность молодняка на 14,8% и приросты птенцов – на 10%. Сравнительный анализ биохимических данных опытной и контрольной групп птицы показал, что введение в рацион опытной группы пробиотика практически не повлияло на белковый обмен. Общий белок у опытной птицы был недостоверно меньше, по сравнению с контролем, на 1,25%, та же картина наблюдалась по уровню альбуминов – меньше на 1,9%, глобулинов – на 1%. Сравнительный анализ показателя кислотности кала птиц опытной и контрольной групп показал достоверное различие. Так, у контрольной группы рН кала имел среднее значение 6,5, у перепелов опытной группы – 7,5. Таким образом, у опытной птицы, в сравнении с контрольной, активная кислотность кишечного содержимого достоверно сдвинулась в слабощелочную сторону, что свидетельствует о благоприятном воздействии пробиотика на микрофлору желудочно-кишечного тракта перепелов, снижая уровень патогенной микрофлоры, активно развивающейся в кислой среде. The study of the effect of the probiotic preparation EM-Kurunga on gains, blood tests and poultry litter was carried out using the example of White Texas quail chickens. Quail chickens starting at daily age were used as the subject of research. The average weight of chickens at the beginning of the experiment was 9.2±0.12 g. Chickens were slaughtered at the age of 90 days. It was established that the introduction of the probiotic preparation EM-Kurunga into the diet of chickens in the amount of 0.2 ml per 1 kg of live weight increases the safety of young animals by 14.8% and the gains of poults – by 10%. A comparative analysis of the biochemical data of the experimental and control groups of poultry showed that the introduction of the probiotic into the diet of the experimental group had practically no effect on protein metabolism. The total protein in the experimental poultry was insignificantly less than in the control by 1.25%, the same pattern was observed in the level of albumin – less by 1.9%, globulins – by 1%. Comparative analysis of the acidity index of poultry feces from the experimental and control groups showed a significant difference. So, in the control group the pH of feces had an average value of 6.5, in the quails of the experimental group – 7.5. Thus, in the experimental poultry in comparison with the control one the active acidity of the intestinal contents significantly shifted to the slightly alkaline side, which indicates a favorable effect of the probiotic on the microbiota of the quail gastrointestinal tract, reducing the level of pathogenic microflora actively developing in an acidic condition.


2021 ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
Tetiana Fotina ◽  
Hanna Fotina ◽  
Svitlana Nazarenko ◽  
Roman Tymoshenko ◽  
Oleksii Fotin

The results of the effect of feeding the chelated form of Zinc on the safety, productivity and slaughter parameters of broiler chickens are presented. The aim of this study was to determine the safety, productivity and slaughter parameters of broilers on the background of feeding chelated form of Zinc. Materials and methods. Experimental studies were conducted during 2020 on broiler chickens cross Cobb-500 in the vivarium of the Veterinary Faculty of Sumy National Agrarian University (Ukraine), divided into two groups on the principle of analogues (control and experimental) of 50 broilers each. The source of zinc for chickens in the control group was their sulfates. Chelated forms of Zinc were used for broiler chickens of the experimental group. All groups of broiler chickens were administered the compound with compound feed in a dose that corresponded to the daily requirement of the bird in this trace element. The duration of the experiment is 42 days. The growth and development of broilers were evaluated on the basis of determining the relevant zootechnical indicators. Live weight of birds was determined by individual weighing on scales of the VNC type with an accuracy of ±1 g at the age of 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days. Both scientific and economic experiments also determined the preservation of livestock - daily by the number of culled and dead birds. Feed consumption was recorded daily, for each week of cultivation and for the entire period of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, the cost of feed per 1 kg of live gained weight was calculated. Results. According to the results of the conducted researches, it was established that feeding of the chelated form of Zinc probably increased both the average daily gain and the total live weight of broiler chickens at different age periods of rearing. The live weight of chickens at the beginning of the experiment was almost the same, but at 7 days of age it tended to increase in chickens of the experimental group, although a significant difference between groups in this indicator was not found. It was found that the weight of uneviscerated, semi-eviscerated and eviscerated chicken in poultry of the experimental group was greater than similar indicators in the young animals of the control group by 9.3, 9.2, and 9.8 %, and this difference was significant (p<0.01). The yield of semi-eviscerated carcasses was higher in ones of the experimental group (84.19 %), and the difference was significant (p<0.05). Conclusions. It was found that the live weight of chickens of the experimental group (consumption of feed with a chelated form of Zinc) prevailed at 7 days of age by 1.1 g; on the 14th day – on 22.1 g (p<0.01); at 21 days – 35.4 g (p<0.01); at 28 days – 94.5 g (p<0.05); at 35 days – 133.6 g (p<0.01); at 42 days – at 218.9 g (p<0.05). Preservation of young animals in the experimental group, which used chelated compounds of Zinc, was higher and amounted to 96 %, compared with the control – 92 %. By age, feed costs per unit weight gain were lower in the experiment, respectively: 0.05; 0.08; 0.12; 0.06; 0.07 and 0.05 kg, compared to the control group. Growing broiler chickens on compound feed with a chelated form of Zinc by 9.8 % (p<0.01) increases the weight of the eviscerated carcass.


Author(s):  
A.F. Khabirov ◽  
◽  

The reaction of the organism of broiler ducklings to the introduction of the probiotic additive "Lactobifadol" into the organism when reared up to 7 weeks of age was investigated. A positive effect was achieved to increase the live weight of the experimental poultry by 5.0 % (p <0.5), the average feed consumption per 1 kg of live weight gain in the group of broiler ducklings fed with Lactobifadol feed was 4.7 % less when compared to intact poultry. The dynamics of feed consumption per 1 kg of live weight gain in the first three weeks of rearing was descending, and from 4 weeks of age until the end of rearing, fodder consumption increased significantly. For 6 weeks of growing, the average consumption of compound feed per head per day in the control group of broiler ducklings was 157.5 g, in the experimental group – 158.5 g per 1 bird/day. The inclusion of "Lactobifadol" in the diet to a certain extent stimulates the processes of erythrocytopoiesis, providing, within the physiological norm, an increase in the level of hemoglobin and the number of leukocytes.


Author(s):  
S. Shpynova ◽  
O. Yadrishchenskaya ◽  
T. Selina ◽  
E. Basova

The development of industrial poultry farming requires not only the breeding of new highly productive poultry breeds, but also the development of new rearing technologies and the improvement of standardized nutrition. Currently, in the field of feeding farm animals and poultry an important research area is the search for cheaper non-traditional and affordable feed products that can replace part of the grain in the poultry diet. It is very important to use local raw materials. One of these crops is naked oat, which has the highest energy content, the highest concentration of lysine and methionine among all cereals. The purpose of the researches was to determine the eff ectiveness of using naked oat in compound feed for quails. The results of the influence of complete nutrient-balanced compound feeds with naked oat on zootechnical and economic indicators in the rearing of quails have been presented in the article. It has been found that the live weight of quails in the experimental group has been increased by 3,06 %, while the average daily feed consumption has been increased by 1,83 %. Feed expenditures per 1 kg of live weight gain in the experimental group have been lower by 1,31 % due to the absorption of feed nutrients. According to the results of the balance experiment, the digestibility of raw protein has increased by 1,90, fat by 0,41 %, nitrogen-free extractive substances by 2,77 %. When calculating economic indicators, it has been found that the use of naked oat in compound feed for quails allowed to increase the yield of meat and revenue from its sale by 3,75 %. Despite an increase in the total cost of feed consumed by the experimental group by 2,27 %, the profi t has been received by 9,59 % more. The level of profi tability of quail meat production in the experimental group exceeded the indicator of the control group by 3,40 %.


Author(s):  
Ю.М. СМИРНОВА ◽  
А.В. ПЛАТОНОВ

Изучены особенности пищевого поведения коров-первотелок при скармливании ферментативно-пробиотических препаратов. Для изучения влияния пробиотиков на основе целюлозолитических бактерий рубца жвачных проводился опыт в условиях хозяйства Вологодской области. Были сформированы 3 группы первотелок черно-пестрой породы по 12 голов методом пар-аналогов с учетом кровности, удоя матерей за наивысшую лактацию, живой массы, количества дойных дней после отела и суточного удоя. Животные контрольной группы получали основной рацион,  коровам I опытной группы дополнительно скармливали по 50 г на 1 голову в сутки кормовую добавку на основе целюлозолитических бактерий рубца коров, а II опытной — такое же количество добавки на основе целюлозолитических бактерий рубца оленей. Продолжительность скармливания добавок составляла 90 дней. В результате исследований было установлено, что использование ферментативно-пробиотических препаратов положительно повлияло на пищевую активность и уровень молочной продуктивности первотелок. Коровы I и II опытных групп, получавшие дополнительно к основному рациону ферментативно-пробиотические препараты в сравнении с контрольной группой имели более высокие показатели по затратам времени на потребление корма — 8 и 25 мин., соответственно. Время, затраченное на жвачку, у первотелок II опытной группы было больше на 12 мин., чем у животных контрольной группы, в результате индекс пищевой активности у них был выше на 0,026 по сравнению с контролем. Использование добавок способствовало увеличению молочной продуктивности коров I и II опытных групп, по сравнению с контрольной, на 207 и 151 кг. Полученные результаты подтверждают положительное влияние ферментативно-пробиотических препаратов в кормлении коров, так как они способствуют повышению их пищевой активности и молочной продуктивности. The features of first-born cows’ nutritional behavior when feeding enzyme-probiotic preparations have been studied. To study the effect of probiotics based on the ruminants’ cellulolytic rumen bacteria, an experiment on a farm in the Vologda Oblast has been conducted. There were formed 3 groups of black-and-white first-born cows of 12 heads by the method of pairs-analogues, taking into account pedigree, mothers’ milk yield for the highest lactation, live weight, the number of milking days after calving and daily milk yield. The animals of the control group received the main diet, the cows of the I experimental group were additionally fed 50 g per 1 head per day of a feed additive based on cellulolytic bacteria of cow rumen, and the II experimental group were fed the same amount of an additive based on cellulolytic bacteria of deer rumen. The duration of feeding the additives was 90 days. The research found that the use of enzyme-probiotic preparations had a positive effect on the first-born cows’ nutritional activity and milk productivity level. The cows of the I and II experimental groups who received enzyme-probiotic preparations in addition to the main diet had higher indicators for the time spent on feed consumption in comparison with the control group — 8 and 25 minutes, respectively. The time spent on rumination was 12 minutes longer in the first group of experimental animals than in the control group; as a result, their food activity index was higher by 0.026 compared to the control group. The use of additives contributed to an increase in the milk productivity of cows of the I and II experimental groups, compared with the control group, by 207 and 151 kg. The obtained results confirm the positive effect of enzyme-probiotic preparations when feeding cows, as they help to increase their nutritional activity and milk productivity.


2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00107
Author(s):  
Inna Korsheva ◽  
Elena Chaunina

The article analyses the issues of balanced feeding of broiler chickens and their balanced diet. The results of studies aimed to determine the effect of mixed feeds on the productivity of Arbor Acres cross broiler chickens and the economic efficiency of poultry meat production companies are presented. It was found that broilers from the experimental group, who were fed with improved compound feed with additional sources of proteins and carbohydrates and feed additives exceeded broilers from the control group by their live weight at all ages. At the slaughter age, the average weight was more than 39.2%. The experimental group consumed 10-15% less feed whose conversion was 2.4 and 1.9 kg in favour of the group feeding with the new compound feed. The new compound feed had a positive effect on the viability of broilers: there were no deaths during the period under study. According to the control slaughter results, it was found that the pre-slaughter live weight was higher by 35% in the experimental group. The weight of edible parts increased by 6%. The improved compound feed can be used both in industrial conditions and by poultry farms.


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