scholarly journals Effect of soil contamination with diesel oil on yellow lupine yield and macroelements content

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 218-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wyszkowski ◽  
J. Wyszkowska ◽  
A. Ziółkowska
Keyword(s):  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Plant Organ ◽  
Organ Type ◽  
Sodium Magnesium ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Yellow Lupine

The study has been undertaken to assay the effect of soil contamination with diesel oil on yellow lupine yield and macroelement contents as well as to examine the relationships between the accumulation of macroelements versus the yellow lupine yielding and some yield quality characteristics. The influence of soil pollution with refinery products depended on the type of soil, diesel oil concentration in soil and mineral fertilisation. Increasing contents of soil pollution with diesel oil promoted higher concentrations of phosphorus, sodium, magnesium and calcium in aboveground parts and roots of yellow lupine. More severe contamination was also responsible for depressed yield of yellow lupine aboveground parts and roots as well as accumulation of nitrogen in aboveground parts and potassium in roots of the crop. The addition of nitrogen to soil diversified the yielding and content of macroelements in yellow lupine. The direction these changes took depended on the plant organ, type of soil and degree of diesel oil contamination.

scholarly journals Contamination of Soil with Diesel Oil, Application of Sewage Sludge and Content of Macroelements in Oats

2020 ◽  
Vol 231 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosław Wyszkowski ◽  
Jadwiga Wyszkowska ◽  
Agata Borowik ◽  
Natalia Kordala
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Petroleum Product ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Average Content ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Sodium Magnesium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine the effect of soil contamination with diesel oil (0, 5, 10 and 15 mL/kg d.m. of soil) on the macroelement content (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium and calcium) in the above-ground parts of oats (Avena sativa L.). A remediation effect of sludge as a substance which reduces the negative impact of this petroleum product on its element content in oats was also evaluated. Sewage sludge was applied in doses 0, 4, 8 and 12 g/kg of soil. The macroelement content in the above-ground parts of oats depended on the soil contamination with diesel oil and on the addition of sewage sludge to the soil. Soil contamination with diesel oil caused significant changes in the content of all macroelements in the above-ground biomass of oats. Increasing doses of the petroleum product in the series without sewage sludge decreased the content of all macroelements, except phosphorus and calcium. The highest effect was observed for the content of sodium in oats. The addition of sewage sludge to the soil alleviated the negative impact of diesel oil on the chemical composition of the plants. The application of sewage sludge to soil resulted in an increase in average content of nitrogen, sodium and magnesium (as opposed to phosphorus and partly calcium) in the above-ground parts of oats, compared to the series without sewage sludge.

scholarly journals The Separation of Emulsified Water/Oil Mixtures through Adsorption on Plasma-Treated Polyethylene Powder

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1086
Author(s):  
Asma Abdulkareem ◽  
Anton Popelka ◽  
Patrik Sobolčiak ◽  
Aisha Tanvir ◽  
Mabrouk Ouederni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Droplet Size ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Sonication Time ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Emulsified Water

This paper addresses the preparation and characterization of efficient adsorbents for tertiary treatment (oil content below 100 ppm) of oil/water emulsions. Powdered low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was modified by radio-frequency plasma discharge and then used as a medium for the treatment of emulsified diesel oil/water mixtures in the concentration range from 75 ppm to 200 ppm. Plasma treatment significantly increased the wettability of the LDPE powder, which resulted in enhanced sorption capability of the oil component from emulsions in comparison to untreated powder. Emulsions formed from distilled water and commercial diesel oil (DO) with concentrations below 200 ppm were used as a model of oily polluted water. The emulsions were prepared using ultrasonication without surfactant. The droplet size was directly proportional to sonication time and ranged from 135 nm to 185 nm. A sonication time of 20 min was found to be sufficient to prepare stable emulsions with an average droplet size of approximately 150 nm. The sorption tests were realized in a batch system. The effect of contact time and initial oil concentrations were studied under standard atmospheric conditions at a stirring speed of 340 rpm with an adsorbent particle size of 500 microns. The efficiency of the plasma-treated LDPE powder in oil removal was found to be dependent on the initial oil concentration. It decreased from 96.7% to 79.5% as the initial oil concentration increased from 75 ppm to 200 ppm. The amount of adsorbed oil increased with increasing contact time. The fastest adsorption was observed during the first 30 min of treatment. The adsorption kinetics for emulsified oils onto sorbent followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

scholarly journals Sewage Sludge as a Tool in Limiting the Content of Trace Elements in Avena sativa L. on the Soil Polluted with Diesel Oil

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4003
Author(s):  
Mirosław Wyszkowski ◽  
Jadwiga Wyszkowska ◽  
Agata Borowik ◽  
Natalia Kordala
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Average Content ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Copper Manganese ◽  
Positive Effect

The aim of the research was to determine the effect of soil contamination with diesel oil (0; 5; 10 and 15 cm3 kg−1 of soil) on the content of trace elements in the aboveground parts of oat (Avena sativa L.). Stabilised sewage sludge was used to mitigate the likely negative impact of diesel oil on the plant. Growing soil contamination with diesel oil had a significant impact on the content of trace elements in the aboveground biomass of oat. In the series without sewage sludge, the contents of the analysed elements, except for chromium, zinc, copper and cobalt, were positively correlated with the increasing doses of diesel oil. The largest increase in the content was recorded in the case of manganese. The sewage sludge used to reduce the influence of diesel oil on the chemical composition of oat had a positive effect on the content of the analysed trace elements. Compared to the series without the addition of a stabilised sewage sludge, it contributed to a reduction in the average content of chromium, nickel, copper, manganese and cobalt in the aboveground parts of oat plants. No significant effect of the applied remediation treatment was noted for cadmium, and the results were equivocal for iron.

THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING AS A SYSTEM FOR DISPLAYING TOTAL CHEMICAL SOIL POLLUTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
N.P. KARPENKO ◽  
◽  
M.A. SHIRYAEVA
Keyword(s):  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
3D Modeling ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Environmental Situation ◽  
Three Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

The method of three-dimensional model in the system of computer modeling MathCad and Autodesk 3ds Max by categories of total soil pollution is developed. A visualization block and an analytical block have been developed which are based on calculated mathematical models for analyzing and evaluating the environmental situation, risks, and environmental safety of the territory. Three-dimensional models of relief mapping of the Pekhorka river fl oodplain are constructed by integrating them with the help of a programming environment and optimized 3D modeling programs. Three-dimensional models with total soil contamination for water body sections are constructed. On the example of some sections of the catchment area of the Pekhorka river in the Balashikha region, models with soil contamination by the total ZC indicator were created. The development of 3D modeling techniques allows you to create predictive scenarios more accurately with a high degree of detail, as well as quickly approach the solution of environmental problems. Optimization of three-dimensional modeling in the fi eld of problems related to the catchment area contributes to the further operational solution of problems of rational land use and improvement of the environmental situation.

scholarly journals The resistance of Lolium perenne L. × hybridum, Poa pratensis, Festuca rubra, F. arundinacea, Phleum pratense and Dactylis glomerata to soil pollution by diesel oil and petroleum

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Wyszkowska ◽  
Agata Borowik ◽  
Jan Kucharski
Keyword(s):  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

Resistance of common European grasses to diesel oil and petroleum pollution is not well-known. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the level of resistance of selected grasses to pollution by diesel and petroleum using the pot experiment. The achieved results were compared with those determined for grasses grown on the non-polluted soil. Soil pollution with the tested products was found to significantly decrease the yield of all grasses, with the decrease being lower upon soil pollution with petroleum than with diesel oil. The most resistant to the pollution with diesel oil and petroleum were Phleum pratense L., Lolium perenne L. and Lolium × hybridum Hausskn. The degradation of particular groups of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) depended on their chemical properties, on the type of pollutant and grass species. The greatest degradation was determined in the case of BTEX, C<sub>6</sub>–C<sub>12</sub> benzines as well as 2- and 3-ring hydrocarbons, whereas the lowest in the case of 5-and 6-ring hydrocarbons and C<sub>12</sub>–C<sub>25</sub> oils. The most useful species in the remediation of soils polluted with diesel oil and petroleum turned out to be: Lolium perenne L., Lolium × hybridum Hausskn and Phleum pratense L., whereas the least useful appeared to be: Festuca rubra, Dactylis glomerata L. and Poa pratensis L.

scholarly journals Kinetics and Optimization by Response Surface Methodology of Aerobic Bioremediation. Geoelectrical Parameter Monitoring

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Maria Raffa ◽  
Fulvia Chiampo ◽  
Alberto Godio ◽  
Andrea Vergnano ◽  
Francesca Bosco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Dielectric Permittivity ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Coaxial Cable ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Aerobic Bioremediation

This study aimed to investigate the kinetics of an aerobic bioremediation process of diesel oil removal by indigenous microorganisms, and to define the optimal operative conditions by means of response surface methodology. This was carried out by setting up a series of microcosms (200 g of soil), polluted with the same diesel oil concentration (70 g·kg−1 of soil), but with different water contents (u%) and carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratios. The process was monitored by: (1) residual diesel oil concentration, to measure the removal efficiency, and (2) fluorescein production, to check the microbial activity. These two parameters were the objective variables used for the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and response surface methodology (RSM). The results allowed the interactions between u% and C/N to be defined and the optimal range to be adopted for each. The process kinetics was modeled with first- and second-order reaction rates; slightly better results were achieved for the second-order model in terms of parameter variability. Biological processes like degradation may have effects on dielectric properties of soil; an open-ended coaxial cable was used to measure the dielectric permittivity of microcosm matrices at the start and after 130 days of bioremediation. The evolution of the real and the imaginary components of dielectric permittivity provided results that supported the evidence of a biodegradation process in progress.

scholarly journals The Role of Dactylis Glomerata and Diesel Oil in the Formation of Microbiome and Soil Enzyme Activity

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 3362
Author(s):  
Agata Borowik ◽  
Jadwiga Wyszkowska ◽  
Mirosław Kucharski ◽  
Jan Kucharski
Keyword(s):  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Gasoline Fraction ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Core Microbiome ◽  
Bacterial Structure

The global demand for petroleum contributes to a significant increase in soil pollution with petroleum-based products that pose a severe risk not only to humans but also to plants and the soil microbiome. The increasing pollution of the natural environment urges the search for effective remediation methods. Considering the above, the objective of this study was to determine the usability of Dactylis glomerata for the degradation of hydrocarbons contained in diesel oil (DO), as well as the effects of both the plant tested and DO on the biochemical functionality and changes in the soil microbiome. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with non-polluted soil as well as soil polluted with DO and phytoremediated with Dactylis glomerata. Soil pollution with DO increased the numbers of microorganisms and soil enzymes and decreased the value of the ecophysiological diversity index of microorganisms. Besides, it contributed to changes in the bacterial structure at all taxonomic levels. DO was found to increase the abundance of Proteobacteria and to decrease that of Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes and Firmicutes. In the non-polluted soil, the core microbiome was represented by Kaistobacter and Rhodoplanes, whereas in the DO-polluted soil, it was represented by Parvibaculum and Rhodococcus. In soil sown with Dactylis glomerata, gasoline fraction (C6–C12) degradation was higher by 17%; mineral oil (C12–C35), by 9%; benzene, by 31%; anthracene, by 12%; chrysene, by 38%; benzo(a)anthracene, by 19%; benzo(a)pyrene, by 17%; benzo(b)fluoranthene, by 15%; and benzo(k)fluoranthene, by 18% than in non-sowed soil. To conclude, Dactylis glomerata proved useful in degrading DO hydrocarbons and, therefore, may be recommended for the phytoremediation of soils polluted with petroleum-based products. It has been shown that the microbiological, biochemical and chemical tests are fast and sensitive in the diagnosis of soil contamination with petroleum products, and a combination of all these tests gives a reliable assessment of the state of soils.

EFFECTS OF DIESEL OIL ON COMMERCIAL BENTHIC ALGAE IN NORWAY1

1985 ◽  
Vol 1985 (1) ◽  
pp. 491-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tor Bokn
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Algae ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
First Year ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Growth Difference ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Oil Exposure

ABSTRACT The kelp Laminaria digitata and the fucoid Ascophyllum nodosum are being studied to see if low, continuous dosage of diesel oil over a two-year period has any effects on length growth. This project is part of a larger experiment to assess long-term effects of low concentrations of oil on a simulated littoral rock community kept in four 50 m3 concrete basins equipped with artificially made waves and tide. Over three years, four fucoids planted along with associated flora and fauna have established luxuriant and relatively stable communities. From September 1982 to autumn 1984 the plants were exposed to diesel oil mixed with inlet seawater as a water-accommodated fraction. The exposure level averaged about 100 µg/L total hydrocarbons in the basin with the highest diesel oil concentration and about 25 µg/L in that with the lowest concentration. The other two basins served as controls. The work on A. nodosum started in June 1982. No significant growth difference was observed the first year. However, during 1983 and 1984, the new tips of plants in both oil-exposed basins were significantly shorter than those of the controls. No significant difference in growth of L. digitata was noted from March to July 1983. However, during spring 1984, growth of plants in both oil-exposed basins varied significantly from the controls. Studies of recovery will start at the end of the diesel oil exposure and will continue until 1986.

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