Water use, growth, and yield of drip irrigated cassava in a humid tropical environment

Field experiments were conducted at the Agricultural Engineering Experimental Farm of The Federal University of Technology, Akure, during 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 seasons to investigate the response of cassava under drip irrigation. The experiment was laid out in a randomised complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments were based on four different water regimes; with T100 receiving 100% available water (AW), T50 and T25 receiving 50% and 25% of AW and T0 with zero irrigation (control treatment). Disease free stems of the cassava cultivar TMS 91934 were planted at a spacing of 1 m by 1 m. The results indicated that T100 full treatment produced the highest average total dry matter yield of 49.12 and 37.62 t/ha in 2006/07 and 2007/08 cropping seasons, respectively. However, the average total dry matter production in T50, T25, and T0 showed significant differences in their values. Low total dry matter yields of 7.12 and 5.92 t/ha, respectively, were associated with T0 for the two cropping seasons. The total water use of 1491.75 and 1701.13 mm was recorded for T100, while total water use of 729.00 and 651.13 mm were obtained for T0 in the two cropping seasons. The water use efficiency determined for the two cropping seasons ranged between 7.38 kg/ha and 32.93 kg/ha. The percentages of total water applied from total water use for T100 were 51.11% and 61.72%, while 14.83% and 17.85% were recorded for T25 for 2006/07 and 2007/08 cropping seasons, respectively.

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IMPACT OF PLANT GROWTH INHIBITORS ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF SORGHUM

IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36103/ijas.v52i6.1484 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (6) ◽

pp. 1431-1440

Author(s):

N. M. Abood ◽

E. M. SHALAL ◽

M. I. HAMDAN

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Research Station ◽

Dry Matter Yield ◽

Growth Inhibitors ◽

Plant Growth Inhibitors

Field experiment was carried out during the spring and fall seasons of 2019 at the Abu Ghraib Research Station of the Agricultural Research Office/ Ministry of Agriculture, was aimed to investigate the effect of plant growth inhibitors on growth and yield of several sorghum varieties .Randomized Complete Block Design within split plot arrangement with three replications was used. The main plot consists of three growth inhibitors (Cycocel, Ethiphon, and Mebiquat), which were added at stages six and eight leaf stage, in addition to the control treatment (distilled water only), the sub plot was included three cultivars (Mabrouk, Buhooth 70 and Giza 113). The results showed in both seasons significant interaction between cultivars and growth inhibitors in most of the studied traits. The plants of the variety Giza 113 sprayed with Ethiphon recorded the lowest period of reaching physiological maturity, the highest average dry matter yield, and the highest weight of 1000 grains (89.00 days, 17.32 ton ha-1, and 39.33 gm) respectively. The same variety recorded the highest content of chlorophyll in the leaves and the highest grain yield due to the effect of Mebiquat (49.50 spad, 3.93 ton ha-1. The cultivar Buhooth 70 with the effect of Cycocel achieved the highest average of dry matter yield of 33.27 ton ha-1.

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GROWTH AND YIELD OF OKRA AS INFLUENCED BY LIVE MULCH IN SAMARU, ZARIA

European Journal of Sustainable Development ◽

10.14207/ejsd.2012.v1n2p229 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 229 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

I. L HAMMA ◽

U. IBRAHIM ◽

S. M. YUSUF

Keyword(s):

Sea Level ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Teaching And Research ◽

Mean Values ◽

Cropping Seasons

Two field experiments were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of theInstitute for Agricultural Research; Ahmadu Bello University Zaria located on latitude11011’N, longitude 7038’E and 686m above sea level in the Northern Guinea SavannahEcological Zone of Nigeria in 2010 and 2011 cropping seasons. The objective of thestudy was to compare the yield of okra grown under different weed managementstrategies. The experiment consisted of four treatments namely: control, cucumber,watermelon and pumpkin. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomised blockdesign (RCBD) with three replications. From the results so far obtained, pumpkinsignificantly gave higher mean values in both growth and yield characters measured,whereas the control treatment, significantly gave lower mean values of both growth andyield parameters throughout the period of assessment.

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Weed infestation and productivity of maize/soybean intercrop as influenced by cropping patterns in the southern Guinea savanna of Nigeria

Journal of Agricultural Sciences Belgrade ◽

10.2298/jas1801011i ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 11-26

Author(s):

Emmanuel Imoloame ◽

Kafayat Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Field Experiments ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

State University ◽

Economic Returns ◽

Cropping Patterns ◽

Guinea Savanna ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Weed Infestation ◽

Cropping Seasons

Field experiments were conducted during the 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons at the Teaching and Research (T & R) Farm of the College of Agriculture, Kwara State University, Malete, to determine the effect of cropping patterns on weed infestation, growth and yield of a maize/soybean intercrop in the southern Guinea savanna of Nigeria. The experiments consisted of six treatments as follows: one row of maize alternated with one row of soybean (1:1), one row of maize alternated with two rows of soybean (1:2), two rows of maize alternated with one row of soybean (2:1), two rows of maize alternated with two rows of soybean (2:2), sole maize (1:0) and sole soybean (0:1). The treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance and means were separated by the least significant difference (LSD) at the 5% level of probability. Results showed that sole soybean consistently suppressed weeds and resulted in a higher yield. Similarly, the 2:1 ratio of maize to soybean did not only reduce weed density, it produced significantly higher yields of maize and lower yield of soybean, and had the higher land equivalent ratio and economic returns followed by sole maize.

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Effects on NPK Status, Growth, Dry Matter and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa) by Organic Fertilizers Applied in Field Condition

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture9050109 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 109 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kyi Moe ◽

Aung Htwe ◽

Thieu Thu ◽

Yoshinori Kajihara ◽

Takeo Yamakawa

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

N Availability ◽

Total N ◽

Continuous Application ◽

Rice Yields

The decline in rice yields as a result of excessive chemical fertilizer (CF) inputs is a matter of great concern in rice-growing regions of Asia. In two-year’s field experiments, the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) status, growth characteristics and yield of rice were examined by application of poultry manure (PM), cow manure (CM) and compost (CP). Organic fertilizers were applied as EMN (estimated mineralizable N) based on their total N content. Six treatments were assigned in a randomized complete block design: (1) no-N fertilizer (N0); (2) 50% CF (CF50), (3) 100% CF (CF100); 50% CF + 50% EMN from (4) PM or (5) CM or (6) CP. Compared with CF100, the CF50PM50 (total N ≥ 4%) accumulated higher N, P and K content in leaf, sheath, panicle and seeds, resulting in greater growth and yield. The CF50PM50 increased yield by 8.69% and 9.70%, dry matter by 4.76% and 5.27% over CF100 in both years. The continuous application of CF50CM50 (total N < 4%) and CF50CP50 (total N < 4%) treatments led to similar NPK contents but higher yields than those of CF100 treatment in 2018. In conclusion, the organic fertilizer (total N ≥ 4%) with the EMN method enhances higher N availability in each year. Continuous application of organic fertilizer (total N < 4%) over two years effectively increased N availability in the second year. The 50% organic fertilizer (total N ≥ 4%) and 50% CF led to increased NPK availability and rice yields over the 100% CF treatment, reducing CF usage and leading for sustainable agriculture.

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Growth and Yield Responses of Curry Plant (Murraya koenigii) to Plant Row Spacing in an Utisol

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2019/v41i230396 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

O. A. Agba

Keyword(s):

Field Experiments ◽

Block Design ◽

Plant Production ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Murraya Koenigii ◽

Cross River ◽

Fresh Leaf ◽

Leaf Yield ◽

Cropping Seasons

Curry plant (Murraya koenigii) is one of the most important vegetable spices crops use for food, spice, medicinal and industrial purposes in Nigeria. However, curry plant production in commercial scale in Nigeria is highly constrained by several factors: it is not cultivated in regular farming system mainly due to lack of planting materials and improper plant spacing of this crop among others. Therefore, field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of different levels of plant row spacing on growth and yield of Curry plant (Murraya koenigii) in Cross River University of Technology, Teaching and Research farm, Department of Agronomy, Obubra, Cross River state, Nigeria in 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design. Treatments were nine plant row spacing (70 x 50 cm, 70 x 70 cm, 80 x 40 cm, 80x60 cm, 90 x 30 cm, 100 x 50 cm, 100 x 70 cm, 100 x100 cm and 100 x130 cm) inter and intra row respectively with four replications. Results showed that plant row spacing have significantly affect the growth and yield of Curry plant. Closer plant row spacing of 70 x 50 cm significantly promoted the tallest plant height and highest leaf area inde x values of curry plant. Fresh and dry leaf yield on per hectare basis were significantly higher in closer plant row spacing than wider row spacing. The highest fresh and dry leaves yield per hectare at 20 weeks after planting (WAP) of 0.9742t/ha and 0.9871t/ha were obtained in closer row spacing of 70 x 50 cm in 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons respectively . The number of leaves and branches per plant and their fresh leaf yield and dry matter of plant fractions were higher in wider plant row spacing plots. The wide plant row spacing of 100 x 130 cm produced the highest fresh leaf yield per plant of 88.54 g in 2017 and 83.46 g in 2018 cropping seasons. Based on this result farmers are advised to cultivate Curry plant (Murraya koenigii) using the plant row spacing of 70 x 50 or 80 x 60 cm for optimum growth and yield per hectare of the crop under the utisoil condition.

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EXPLORING DIFFERENT FERTILIZER COMBINATIONS FOR POTATO GROWTH AND YIELD IN RAWALPINDI REGION OF PAKISTAN

World Journal of Biology and Biotechnology ◽

10.33865/wjb.003.03.0171 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 227

Author(s):

Kouser M. Malik ◽

Shahid Y. Naz ◽

Shahzada M. Mehdi ◽

Asia Munir ◽

Ahmad Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Management Practices ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Solanum Tuberosum L ◽

Potato Crop ◽

Block Design ◽

Potato Yield ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Four Levels

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important tuber crops produced in Pakistan. Due to its nutritive importance, it ranks as fourth after rice, wheat and maize in the world. However, production of the crop is far below the average due to poor crop stand, soil fertility and water management practices. There is a strong need for improvement in the fair yield of potato through managed production techniques and best soil nutrient combinations. To find out the best combination of fertilizer level of NPK on growth, yield and quality of the potato crop, nine field experiments on potato crop were conducted at Rawalpindi division, Punjab Pakistan for three successive Rabi seasons during 2014-2017. Treatments consisted of four levels of N (244, 300, 356 and 412 Kg N ha-1), P (163, 200, 237 and 275 kg P ha-1) and K (136, 167, 198 and 229 Kg K ha-1) laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Results showed that there was no significant difference of location in terms of yield (T ha-1). However, mean data showed that the fertilizer combinations significantly (<0.05) affected yield and yield components of the potato crop. Among the treatments, NPK level (412, 275 and 229 Kg ha-1) gave maximum (100 tuber m-2), potato yield (3.2 Kg m-2), dry matter (1.3 Kg m-2), while the least number of tuber m-2 (63), potato yield m-2 (2.02 Kg), dry matter yield m-2 (0.9 Kg) were recorded where combination NPK (244, 163and 136 Kg ha-1) were applied. From the results, it can be concluded that farming community can obtain the maximum potato yield by adopting NPK (412, 275, 229) levels of fertilizers

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Response of maize (Zea mays L.) to rates of nitrogen and zinc application in Minna, Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria

Journal of Agricultural Sciences Belgrade ◽

10.2298/jas1902121a ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 121-131

Author(s):

Saheed Afolabi

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Block Design ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Nitrogen Rate ◽

Maize Production ◽

University Of Technology ◽

Four Levels ◽

Cropping Seasons ◽

Main Effects

A field experiment was conducted in 2014 and 2015 cropping seasons at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Technology, Minna to evaluate the effects of different rates of nitrogen (N) and zinc (Zn) on the growth and yield of maize. The treatments included four levels of N: 0, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1 and three levels of Zn: 0, 2.5 and 5 kg ha-1. The experimental design was a 4 ? 3 factorial design fitted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The soil was relatively low in initial N content and relatively high in soil extractable Zn of 2.30 mg kg-1. The main effect of N on the plant height of maize was significant (p<0.05) only at 8 weeks after sowing (WAS) in 2014 and 8 and 12 WAS in 2015. In 2014, the interaction effect of N and Zn on the plant height of maize was only significant (p<0.05) at 8 WAS in both seasons, and application of nitrogen rate of 90 kg N ha-1 with 5 kg Zn ha-1 produced the highest plant height at 8 WAS. The treatments without N produced the lowest grain and stover yields. There was a significant (p<0.05) response to N fertilization on grain yield in both seasons. The main effects of Zn on both stover and grain yields were only significant in 2015. The nitrogen rate of 60 kg N ha-1 with 2.5 kg Zn ha-1 was optimum for maize production in Minna, Nigeria.

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Effect of Urea and Nano-Nitrogen Fertigation and Foliar Application of Nano-Boron and Molybdenum on some Growth and Yield Parameters of Potato

Al-Qadisiyah Journal For Agriculture Sciences (QJAS) (P-ISSN 2077-5822 E-ISSN 2617-1479) ◽

10.33794/qjas.vol10.iss1.107 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 253-263

Author(s):

Hayyawi W.A. Al-juthery ◽

Estabraq Hilal Obaid Al-Maamouri

Keyword(s):

Foliar Application ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Solanum Tuberosum L ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Acid Yield ◽

Biological Yield ◽

Starch Yield ◽

Private Farm

Investigating the effect of urea and nano-nitrogen fertigation and foliar application of nano B and Mo on growth and yield of potato Solanum tuberosum L. [Rivera-A]. The study was conducted in a private farm located in the Al-Taleah area - Babylon governorate. The experiment consisted of (12) treatments consisting of separated fertigation of nano nitrogen (25% N) and urea (46% N), single treatments of leaf spraying of nano Mo (5%), Nano B (9%), nano-binary combinations (Mo+B) and (U+ Nano Mo), (U+Nano B), Nano (N+Mo), Nano (N+B), and tricombination treatments of (U+Mo+B), Nano (N+Mo+B) additional to the control treatment. Randomize Complete Block Design (RCBD) and one way simple experiment with three replicates. Fertilizers were applied at levels of 40 liters h-1 of Nano-N fertilizer (25% N) and 300 kg h-1 urea fertilizer (46% N). They were sprayed early in the morning after (40) days after planting four times. Two weeks is the period between an application and another according to the recommendation of (1) kg h-1 nano-fertilizer of (B) and (500) g h-1 of Mo. Fertilizers were injected and sprayed at (10, 20, 30 and 40)% of the total amount of the fertilizer were applied as the first, second, third and fourth applications, respectively. Some growth traits were tested including the chlorophyll content in the leaves, the total dry vegetative yild, the soft tubers yield, and the biological yield, proteins and ascorbic acid yield compared to the control (spray water only). The results of the Duncan test showed a significant increase in most of the studied traits of nano-tricombination (N+Mo+B) in the fresh tubers yield, dry vegetative yield , the biological yield, starch yield ,the total protein and ascorbic yield (37.53, 1.799, 8.138,4.152 , 481.3and 653.8 meg ha-1) respectively .compare to control (21.58 , 0.890, 4.463 ,2.323 , 366.1 and 215.5 meg ha-1) respectively.

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Evaluation of improved cassava genotypes for yield and related traits for a better breeding strategy under different agroecologies in Nigeria

Euphytica ◽

10.1007/s10681-021-02798-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 217 (4) ◽

Author(s):

N. A. Adetoro ◽

O. O. Oworu ◽

A. L. Nassir ◽

A. Bello ◽

E. Parkes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Pasting Properties ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Root Weight ◽

Root Yield ◽

Root Characteristics ◽

Stay Green ◽

Fresh Root

AbstractThis study aimed at determining shoot and root characteristics of cassava as affected by root yield and the influence of soil moisture on vegetative growth and yield. Thirty cassava genotypes were evaluated for morphological and physiological characterization in three locations in Nigeria: Ibadan, Mokwa and Zaria. Randomized complete block design was used with four replicates. Studies on the pasting properties of the genotypes were also carried out. Data were collected on plant height, stem girth, stay-green ability, garri and fresh root weight. Genotypes differed significantly (P < 0.05) across and within locations for shoot and root characteristics. Across locations, genotype 011663 had the highest plant height (132.4 cm); 30572 had the largest stem girth (8.6 cm); and 010040 was the best stay-green (2.2). Genotype 011086 had the highest number of roots per plot (95.7), 950289 had the highest fresh root yield (24.3 t/ha), and 990554 had the highest percentage of dry matter (35.2). Trends in root yields across locations were Ibadan (28.9 t/ha), Mokwa (20.3 t/ha), and Zaria (8 t/ha). Five genotypes IITA-TMS-IBA950289, 010034, 990554, 011807, and 980581 had negligible interactions with the environment and so have broad adaptation and are considered stable; and two clones 011807 and 950166 were found to be the best for pasting properties. Breeding strategies that consider root size, total root number, harvest index, dry matter, with applications for household foods and industrial uses, will be an effective and efficient way to select genotypes for high yield.

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Comparison of Fish Pond Waste Water with Manures under Garden Egg in Nigeria

Environment and Natural Resources Research ◽

10.5539/enrr.v6n3p58 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 58 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dominic J. Udoh ◽

Otobong B. Iren ◽

Jeremiah E. Jonathan

Keyword(s):

Waste Water ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Block Design ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Fish Pond ◽

Pig Manure ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Total N ◽

Cropping Seasons

Two field experiments were conducted from 2012 to 2013 cropping seasons to evaluate the efficacy and also determine the optimum rates of application for fish pond waste water in comparison with three other manures including one inorganic fertilizer and two organic manures under garden egg (Solanum spp.) crop.Garden egg was fertilized with pond waste water (PW), poultry manure (PM), pig manure (PG) and NPK15:15:15 at equivalent nitrogen (N) rates (0, 150, 300, 450 kg/ha). The treatments were arranged in a split plot under randomized complete block design (RCBD).The results obtained indicated a slight drop in soil pH but soil OM, total N, available P, exchangeable Ca and K increased generally with increasing rates of manures. The PW and PG treatments supported significantly (P<0.05) the highest yields of the crop compared to PM and NPK with the 150 and 300 kg/ha treatments recording the highest increase. These results have shown that under the high rainfall and acidic soil conditions of Akwa Ibom State in Nigeria, PW is useful for the improvement of soil conditions and achievement of higher crop yields when applied at rates that supply N in the range of 150 – 300 kg/ha.

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