scholarly journals Accelerated formation of Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour) stands: a case study from Siberia

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 291-300
Author(s):  
Nikita Debkov
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Normal Seed ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Pinus Sibirica Du Tour ◽  
Siberian Pine ◽  
Production Dynamics

Under natural conditions, Siberian pine Pinus sibirica begins to produce commercial cone yields of nuts relatively late (after more than 100 years). The aim of this study was to summarise the experience of the directed formation of Siberian pine forests in Siberia. Experimental objects included plots with traditional thinning of varying intensity and frequency as well as chemical treatment. We assessed the parameters of the stand and its seed production dynamics. Only stands with a minimum density (395–435 trees·ha–1) had a normal seed production energy (1.5 or more cones per shoot). Over-dense stands (830–930 trees·ha–1) were characterised by a low seed production energy (two times or more below the threshold value). In all plots, there were Siberian pine trees with absent or unacceptable seed production energy, which should be removed (DBH up to 28 cm). Seed production energy positively correlated with most tree parameters (age, height, diameter, volume, length and width of crown).

Formation of Siberian Pine Forests by Improvement Felling on Former Agriculturаl Lands

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Zalesov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pine Forests ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Herbaceous Vegetation ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Pinus Sibirica Du Tour ◽  
Siberian Pine ◽  
Intensive Growth

On the base of the researches carried out on the permanent study area silvicultural effectiveness of improvement felling was analyzed in soft-leaved plantations formed on the former agricultural lands in Khanty-Mansi Autonomons Okrug – Yugra. It was experimentally found that among 25–30-year-old soft-leaved stands there is Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour); besides this, nominal undergrowth of this species can be found under the canopy. Improvement felling can provide an increase in the share of Siberian pine in the composition of the forming plantations and even its dominance in stands. It is recommended to carry out improvement felling by the strip method. On the first-stage the felling of soft-leaved species in strips of 10 m wide is carried out, while leaving strips of similar width without care. On the second stage in 10 years soft-leaved trees are cut down in those strips where care was not taken. Felling of all the accompanying Siberian pine trees in a single shot is inadmissible, since it leads to intensive growth of herbaceous vegetation, sodding and exclusion of the Siberian pine undergrowth as well as dramatically increases the fire danger in spring and autumn. In addition, at the indicated intensity, the specimens of Siberian pine left for cultivation are affected by Pineus cembrae (Cholodovsky, 1988).

scholarly journals Geoactive Zones and the Structure of Plant Communities in Connection With New Discoveries in Space Geology

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
M. Rogozin
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Comfort Zone ◽  
Space Images ◽  
Picea Obovata ◽  
Siberian Spruce ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
Ring Structures ◽  
Pinus Sibirica Du Tour ◽  
Siberian Pine ◽  
Geodynamic Activity

The purpose of the work is to find out how plants react to such zones and whether their phytoindication is possible. Two territories of the Perm territory were studied: the Vishersky Nature Reserve and forests near Perm. The research methodology included lineament and geostructurometric analysis of space images and special maps using ring structures discovered on the Earth’s surface by Yu. I. Fivenskii, as well as phyto- and bioindication of small geoactive zones. It was found that in the forests near Perm favorable zones of such zones occupy 1.44% of the territory and within their limits the safety of common pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is 29–42 times higher. Phytoindication of small geoactive zones of 1.0 and 3.0 m by common pine was shown in the zones of influence of these zones: 0–18 cm — the radius of inhibition with the absence of trees; 19–29 cm — the depression zone with small trees; 30–48 cm — the comfort zone with medium and large trees. Two types of networks formed by zones of 1.0 and 8.0 m in size near Perm (on the plain) and in the reserve (in the mountains) were compared. In the mountains, with high geodynamic activity of territories, the networks are oriented in one direction, while on the plain their orientation is misaligned by 30°. In the reserve, large trees of Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ledeb.) were located on small geoactive zones of 1.0 and 8.0 m, and trees of Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour) — on zones 1.0 and 3.0 m in combination with zones 16, 32 and 55 m. In the subgolets zone, ring structures of perennial plants were also found on the first two types of zones. In addition, along the edges of the swamps, chains of trees were found whose direction coincides with ring faults, and the chains themselves are similar to the structure of small geoactive zones networks, and this fractality requires field verification. The hypothesis recharge of plants within geoactive zones is proposed, which also explains the successful growth of trees on rocks, where the amount of available soil is minimal.

Chemical composition, antioxidative activity and cell viability effects of a Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour) extract

2009 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 936-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiina A. Lantto ◽  
H.J. Damien Dorman ◽  
Alexander N. Shikov ◽  
Olga N. Pozharitskaya ◽  
Valery G. Makarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Antioxidative Activity ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Pinus Sibirica Du Tour ◽  
Siberian Pine

scholarly journals Dynamics of radial growth of siberian pine Pinus sibirica Du Tuor in focus of invasion of four-eyed fir bark beetle Polygraphus proximus Blandf.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.М. Дебков ◽  
Э.М. Бисирова ◽  
А.Ю. Бочаров
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Abies Sibirica ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Polygraphus Proximus ◽  
Invader Impact ◽  
Siberian Pine

В XXI в. резко участились случаи инвазий дендрофильных насекомых в бореальные леса. Наглядным примером этих процессов является инвазия уссурийского полиграфа Polygraphus proximus Blandf. в леса с участием пихты сибир- ской Abies sibirica Ledeb. на территории Сибири. Цель исследования заключалась в изучении динамики радиального прироста деревьев кедра сибирского в поврежденных древостоях. Модельной территорией был выбран Ларинский ландшафтный заказник. На его территории заложена серия постоянных пробных площадей для мониторинга трансформации лесных экосистем. В результате воздействия инвайдера в наибольшей степени пострадали насаждения с доминиро- ванием пихты. Они существенно снизили полноту древостоя, и доминировать стал кедр сибирский. В насаждениях с преобладанием кедра и ели также про- изошли изменения в структуре древостоев. Однако смены эдификатора не произошло. За весь период роста деревьев кедра прирост составлял на ППП 1 – 2,3±0,1 мм, на ППП 2 – 2,1±0,1 мм, на ППП 3 – 2,5±0,1 мм, на ППП 4 – 1,6±0,1 мм. Достоверных различий не выявлено (p = 0,9357 > 0,05). Непосредственно перед инвазией отмечено незначительное снижение прироста деревьев в толщину, в частности на ППП 1 он равнялся 2,2±0,1 мм, на ППП 2 – 1,1±0,1 мм, на ППП 3 – 2,1±0,1 мм, на ППП 4 – 0,9±0,1 мм. С учетом темпов деградации насаждения, ко- торые стабилизировались в 2014 г., рассмотрено изменение прироста с этого времени. Выяснилось, что по ППП 1 он равнялся 4,1±0,3 мм, на ППП 2 – 1,6±0,2 мм, на ППП 3 – 2,4±0,3 мм, на ППП 4 – 1,2±0,2 мм. Таким образом, радиальный прирост увеличился, однако достоверное отличие установлено только по ППП 1 (p = 0,0292 < 0,05), которая характеризуется полностью деградированным состоянием. In the 21st century cases of invasions of dendrophilous insects in boreal forests in- creased sharply. A example of these processes is invasion of four-eyed fir bark beetle Polygraphus proximus Blandf. in forests with siberian fir Abies sibirica Ledeb. in terri- tory of Siberia. The aim of the research was to study dynamics of radial growth of sibe- rian pine trees in damaged stands. The Larinsky landscape reserve was chosen as model territory. A series of permanent trial plots (PTP) for monitoring the transformation of forest ecosystems was laid on its territory. As a result of invader impact, stands domi- nated by fir were most affected. They significantly reduced completeness and domi- nance passed to siberian pine. In stands with a predominance of siberian pine and spruce, changes also occurred in structure. However, species changes did not occur. For entire life period of siberian pine trees, radial growth was at PTP 1 – 2,3±0,1 mm, for PTP 2 – 2,1±0,1 mm, for PTP 3 – 2,5±0,1 mm, for PTP 4 – 1,6±0,1 mm. There were no significant differences (p = 0,9357 > 0,05). Immediately before the invasion, a slight decrease in tree growth in thickness was noted, in particular, for PTP 1, it was 2,2±0,1 mm, for PTP 2 – 1,1±0,1 mm, for PTP 3 – 2,1±0,1 mm, for PTP 4 – 0,9±0,1 mm. Thus, radial growth increased, but a significant difference was established only for PTP 1 (p = 0,0292 < 0,05), which is characterized by a completely degraded state.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica) seed production in Novosibirsk region

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
O.V. Parkina ◽  
◽  
R.A. Tretyakova ◽  
G.A. Galitskaya ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Siberian Pine

The results of an analytical review and evaluation of long-term experimental data on the dynamics of seed-bearing of Siberian pine in the Novosibirsk region at the objects of the forest seed base in the Iskitim forestry are presented. The analysis of the development of the generative part of the cedar depending on the hydrothermal conditions of the years of study and the individual variability of clones. The data obtained indicate that the growing conditions and humidity, as well as the temperature factor affect the periodicity of seed production. The years that differ in the volume of cedar seed harvesting for the period 2009–2017 are highlighted. Years of mass harvests and crop failures need to be investigated to study the causes of periodicity of fruiting and features of the process of pollination, fertilization and development of cones.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIRADICAL ACTIVITY OF INDIVIDUAL FRACTIONS OF PINUS SIBIRICA DU TOUR AND ABIES SIBIRICA LEDEB., NATIVE TO THE SIBERIAN REGION

2020 ◽  
pp. 203-210
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Alekseyevich Efremov ◽  
Irina Dement'yevna Zykova ◽  
Vera Aleksandrovna Senashova ◽  
Irina Dmitriyevna Grodnickaya ◽  
Natal'ya Veniaminovna Pashenova
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antiradical Activity ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Abies Sibirica ◽  
Pinus Sibirica Du Tour ◽  
Siberian Pine

By the method of exhaustive hydroparodistillation, essential oil was obtained from Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour) and Siberian fir (Abies sibirica Ledeb.), growing on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk territory. Separate fractions of oil were obtained: the first one after 45 min from the beginning of distillation, the second – after 2 hours, the third – after 5 hours, the fourth-after 10 hours, the fifth fraction was collected after the end of hydrodistillation. The antimicrobial activity of separate fractions of essential oil of P. sibirica and A. sibirica was studied against strains of opportunistic microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus 209p, Micrococcus luteus, Acinetobacter baumanii, Candida albicans. The performed studies showed that all the studied samples of essential oils showed either bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity against the strains of microorganisms taken in the experiment, except Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The type of activity displayed depended on the type of strain and sample of essential oil. It is noted that the sensitivity of the experimental strains to the components of the essential oils of P. sibirica and A. sibirica decreases during the transition from the first to the last fraction. We assume that, apparently, this is due to a decrease in the number of monoterpenes in the composition of oils.To study the antiradical activity, the reaction of essential oil components with a stable free 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical was used. Antiradical activity of both whole essential oils of P. sibirica and A. sibirica and their separate fractions was established. There was an increase in antiradical activity with a decrease in the content of monoterpenes in the composition of essential oil.

scholarly journals PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF CEDAR WOOD (SIBERIAN PINE) PINUS SIBIRICA DU TOUR.

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Yevgen'yevna Fedorova ◽  
Sergey Vladimirovich Fedorov ◽  
Vasily Anatolyevich Babkin
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
13C Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Pinus Sibirica Du Tour ◽  
Siberian Pine

As part of the study of extractives of biomass of coniferous trees of Siberia in order to predict the possibility of obtaining valuable biologically active products, a study was conducted of the chemical composition of the ethyl acetate extract of cedar wood (Siberian pine) Pinus sibirica Du Tour. The chemical composition of the phenolic compounds of cedar wood was studied, including the structure of oligomeric polyphenols. The yields of extractives extracted with ethyl acetate and water from cedar wood were 1.6 and 2.71% of a.s. (absolutely dry matter). The content of phenolic compounds in the ethyl acetate extract of cedar wood was 45.9% rel. Based on 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy data, it was found that the main monomeric phenolic extractive substances of cedar wood are stilbene – pinosilvin monomethyl ether (content in cedar wood 0.25% of a.s.) and flavonoids – tectochrizin, pinocembrin, and pinobankxin, as well as oligomeric and polymeric phenolic compounds. It was shown that the composition of cedar wood oligomers includes a complex mixture of stilbene derivatives of pinosilvin and flavonoids with the inclusion of carbohydrate residues. The content of the fraction of oligomeric and polymeric phenolic compounds in cedar wood is 0.39% of a.s.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic Pigments in Siberian Pine and Fir under Climate Warming and Shift of the Timberline

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Pakharkova ◽  
Irina Borisova ◽  
Ruslan Sharafutdinov ◽  
Vladimir Gavrikov
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Conifer Forest ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Sunny Weather ◽  
Pinus Sibirica Du Tour ◽  
Siberian Pine ◽  
First Time

Research Highlights: For the first time, the Pinus sibirica Du Tour and Abies sibirica L. conifer forest at the West Sayan ridge timberline has been explored to reveal which species is likely to react to climate change and a shift of the timberline. Such a shift may modify the ecological functions of the forests. Background and Objectives: Long-term climate change has become obvious in the mountains of southern Siberia. Specifically, a half-century rise in annual mean temperatures has been observed, while precipitation remains unchanged. Trees growing at the timberline are likely to strongly react to climate alterations. The objective was to estimate which of the two species sharing the same habitat would benefit from climate alteration and shifting of the timberline. Materials and Methods: At several altitudes (from 1413 to 1724 m a.s.l.), samples of P. sibirica and A. sibirica needles have been collected and contents of chlorophyll a and b as well as carotenoids were measured in June 2019. The temperature of needles of the two species was measured in both cloudy and sunny weather conditions. Results: The studied species have been shown to have different patterns of pigment variations with the growth of altitude. The decline of chlorophylls and carotenoids was more pronounced in P. sibirica (ratio at timberline ca. 2.2) than in A. sibirica (ratio ca. 3.1). Accordingly, the electron transport rate decreased more strongly in P. sibirica at the timberline (ca. 37.2 μmol of electrons/m−2 s−1) than in A. sibirica (56.9 μmol of electrons/m−2 s−1). The temperatures of needles in both cloudy and sunny weather were higher in A. sibirica (10.5 and 43.3 °C, respectively) than in P. sibirica (3.8 and 24.2 °C, respectively). Conclusions: The considered physiological and ecological traits show that P. sibirica is better protected from higher-altitude hazards (excess insolation, rise of temperature etc.) than A. sibirica. P. sibirica may be therefore a more likely winner than A. sibirica in the movement of the mountain timberline under climate warming in the area.

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