Disease resistance of improved MR220 lines against Pyricularia oryzae Cavara and their preliminary agronomic performance

Blast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae is one of the most destructive fungal diseases of rice in Malaysia. Utilisation of resistant varieties is the most efficient management approach towards reducing yield losses. The line IRTP21683 with the Pi9 gene has shown strong resistance against the isolate MPO988.3 of pathotype P0.0, the most prevalent P. oryzae pathotype in Malaysia. Crossing of IRTP21683 was undertaken with the recurrent parent MR220, a susceptible elite Malaysian rice variety, using a marker assisted backcrossing technique with two simple sequence repeat markers, RM19776 and RM7311, as the tag for the Pi9 gene. Twenty BC3F4 lines with the Pi9 gene were resistant when challenged with MPO 988.3. The cluster analysis based on seven agronomic parameters showed that the resistant BC3F4 lines could be divided into four groups, of which the members in group 1 and 2 have shown comparable or better performance than MR220. Five lines in group 1, B220PI9-3-48, B220PI9-3-76, B220PI9-3-77, B220PI9-3-79 and B220PI9-3-82 showed outstanding yield performance with early maturation.

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Keparahan Penyakit Blas Pyricularia oryzae dan Analisis Gen Virulensi Menggunakan Metode Sequence Characterized Amplified Region

Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia ◽

10.14692/jfi.17.1.19-27 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 19-27

Author(s):

Gilang Kurrata ◽

Tutik Kuswinanti ◽

Andi Nasruddin

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Evaluation System ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Dominant Gene ◽

Pyricularia Oryzae ◽

Blast Disease ◽

Leaf Blast ◽

Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽

Pesticide Pollution ◽

Resistant Varieties

Severity of Blast Disease and Analysis of Virulence Gene Using Sequence Characterized Amplified Region Method Rice blast disease caused by the fungus Pyricularia oryzae (teleomorph: Magnaporthe oryzae) is one of the important diseases in rice cultivation in the world, including Indonesia. The use of resistant varieties is a way to deal with blast disease since it is cheap, efficient and safe from the risk of pesticide pollution. However, the resistance of a rice variety to blast disease can only be utilized for a few years due to the complexity of pathogens which can easily break down the resistance of a variety, especially if their resistance is determined only by one dominant gene. The aims of this research was to determine the severity of blast disease and genetic variation of P. oryzae isolates from Maros District and the relationship between disease severity and haplotype variety obtained as the basis for recommendations for control with site-specific resistant varieties. The severity of blast disease was observed using the Standard Evaluation System for Rice was carried out in 8 locations (different sub-districts) in Maros District, South Sulawesi from June to September 2019. The pathogen’s genetic diversity was determined using specific primers, coding the fungus virulence genes namely Pwl2, Erg2 and Cut1. The highest leaf blast intensity was observed on var. Mekongga in Simbang sub-district (42.12%) and Maros Baru sub-district (23.33%). In Tanralili sub-district (Inpari-7) and Mandai sub-district (var. Ciherang) leaf blast intencity were 7.6% and 7.88% respectively. A total of 15 isolates of P. oryzae obtained from 8 sub-districts in Maros. Analysis of genetic diversity showed found 5 different haplotypes, namely haplotype A-000 (4 isolates), C-011 (3 isolates), D-111 (2 isolates), F-110 (3 isolates) and G-100 (3 isolates).

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Virulence Pattern of Pyricularia oryzae Pathotypes Towards Blast Monogenic Lines

Tropical Life Sciences Research ◽

10.21315/tlsr2021.32.3.8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 147-160

Author(s):

Siti Norsuha Misman ◽

Mohd Shahril Firdaus Ab Razak ◽

Nur Syahirah Ahmad Sobri ◽

Latiffah Zakaria

Keyword(s):

Resistance Genes ◽

Rice Blast ◽

Blast Resistance ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Durable Resistance ◽

Peninsular Malaysia ◽

Pyricularia Oryzae ◽

Blast Disease ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Virulence Pattern

Rice blast caused by Pyricularia oryzae (P. oryzae) is one of the most serious diseases infecting rice worldwide. In the present study, virulence pattern of six P. oryzae pathotypes (P0.0, P0.2, P1.0, P3.0, P7.0 and P9.0) identified from the blast pathogen collected in Peninsular Malaysia, were evaluated using a set of 22 IRRI-bred blast resistance lines (IRBL) as well as to determine the resistance genes involved. The information on the virulence of the blast pathotypes and the resistance genes involved is important for breeding of new rice variety for durable resistance against blast disease. The IRBL was established from 22 monogenic lines, harbouring 22 resistance genes [Pia, Pib, Pii, Pit, Pi3, Pi5(t), Pish, Pi1, Pik, Pik-s, Pik-m, Pik-h, Pik-p, Pi7(t), Pi9, Piz, Piz-5, Piz-t, Pi19, Pi20(t), Pita-2, and Pita=Pi4(t)]. Based on the disease severity patterns, the tested pathotypes were avirulence towards seven IRBLs [IRBLi-F5, IRBLk-Ka, IRBLkh-K3, IRBLz-Fu, IRBLsh-S, IRBLPi7 (t) and IRBL9-W] of which these IRBLs harbouring Pii, Pik, Pik-h, Piz, Pish, Pi7(t) and Pi9 resistance genes, respectively. Therefore, the results suggested that the seven IRBLs carrying seven resistance genes [Pii, Pik, Pik-h, Piz, Pish, Pi7(t) and Pi9] would be suitable candidates of resistance genes to be incorporated in new breeding lines to combat the current blast pathotypes in the field.

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Improvement of a RD6 Rice Variety for Blast Resistance and Salt Tolerance through Marker-Assisted Backcrossing

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10081118 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1118 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Korachan Thanasilungura ◽

Sukanya Kranto ◽

Tidarat Monkham ◽

Sompong Chankaew ◽

Jirawat Sanitchon

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Blast Resistance ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Gene Pyramiding ◽

Blast Disease ◽

Resistance Qtls ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Marker Assisted Backcrossing

RD6 is one of the most favorable glutinous rice varieties consumed throughout the north and northeast of Thailand because of its aroma and softness. However, blast disease and salt stress cause decreases in both yield quantity and quality during cultivation. Here, gene pyramiding via marker-assisted backcrossing (MAB) using combined blast resistance QTLs (qBl 1, 2, 11, and 12) and Saltol QTL was employed in solving the problem. To pursue our goal, the RD6 introgression line (RGD07005-12-165-1), containing four blast-resistant QTLs, were crossed with the Pokkali salt tolerant variety. Blast resistance evaluation was thoroughly carried out in the fields, from BC2F2:3 to BC4F4, using the upland short-row and natural field infection methods. Additionally, salt tolerance was validated in both greenhouse and field conditions. We found that the RD6 “BC4F4 132-12-61” resulting from our breeding programme successfully resisted blast disease and tolerated salt stress, while it maintained the desirable agronomic traits of the original RD6 variety. This finding may provide a new improved rice variety to overcome blast disease and salt stress in Northeast Thailand.

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Introgression of submergence tolerance into CO 43, a popular rice variety of India, through marker-assisted backcross breeding

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding ◽

10.17221/149/2017-cjgpb ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 54 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 101-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Rahman Hifzur ◽

Dakshinamurthi Vijayalakshmi ◽

Ramasamy Sasikala ◽

Manickam Sudha ◽

Kaliyaperumal Ashok Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rice Variety ◽

Recurrent Parent ◽

South East Asia ◽

Submergence Tolerance ◽

Early Generation ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Major Threat ◽

Backcross Breeding ◽

Marker Assisted Backcrossing ◽

Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

Submergence is a major threat in rice growing areas of South and South-East Asia. Identification of a major QTL, Sub1 and advancements in marker-assisted backcrossing strategy enabled breeders to develop submergence tolerant versions of popular rice cultivars. In the present study, a marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB) approach was used to introgress the Sub1 locus from the tolerant FR13A variety into CO 43, one of the popular rice varieties of southern India. Evaluation of early generation segregating progenies derived from the cross of CO 43 and FR13A revealed the introgression of Sub1, leading to increased tolerance to submergence and better revival ability after it. Genotyping and phenotyping of BC3F3 generation resulted in elite NILs of CO 43 harbouring Sub1 the locus and possessing 94.37% and 95.78% of the recurrent parental CO 43 genome. Selected NILs performed equal as the recurrent parent CO 43 under normal conditions, but were more tolerant to submergence and revived better, afterwards. Under flooding NILs yielded about 25–30% higher than the recurrent parent CO 43.

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Foreground selection through SSRs markers for the development of salt tolerant rice variety

Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University ◽

10.3329/jbau.v11i1.18215 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 67-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

U Mondal ◽

MSR Khanom ◽

L Hassan ◽

SN Begum

Keyword(s):

Rice Variety ◽

Rice Cultivar ◽

Susceptible Variety ◽

Recurrent Parent ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Foreground Selection ◽

Donor Parent ◽

Ssrs Markers ◽

Level Of Selection ◽

Marker Assisted Backcrossing

Salinity is a great problem for rice production worldwide incurring substantial yield loss; a great threat towards food security. Marker-assisted backcrossing is one of the feasible methods to develop a new salt tolerant rice cultivar to cope with the challenge. The study was focused on to introgress salt tolerant genes from a tolerant rice line, FL-478 to Binadhan-7, an early, agronomically suitable and susceptible variety. Backcrossing was done during boro season; where Binadhan-7 was the recurrent parent and FL-478 was the donor parent. 141 BC1F1 lines were developed, which were subjected to foreground selection; the first level of selection of marker assisted backcrossing program. The aim of foreground selection was to identify the introgressed lines. 141 BC1F1 populations were evaluated with tightly linked salt tolerant markers; AP3206f, RM3412b and RM336. A total of 47 heterozygous BC1F1 lines were selected finally, which have alleles of both of the parents. Those introgressed lines could be efficiently used in further development of a stable early salt tolerant rice variety. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i1.18215 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(1): 67-72, 2013

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Intensitas Penyakit Blas (Pyricularia oryzae Cav.) pada Padi Varietas Ciherang di Lokasi Endemik dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Kehilangan Hasil

Agrikultura ◽

10.24198/agrikultura.v27i3.10878 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tarkus Suganda ◽

Endah Yulia ◽

Fitri Widiantini ◽

Hersanti Hersanti

Keyword(s):

Yield Loss ◽

Block Design ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Pyricularia Oryzae ◽

Control Measures ◽

Blast Disease ◽

Management Policy ◽

Potential Yield ◽

Leaf Blast ◽

Neck Blast

ABSTRACTDisease intensity of blast disease (Pyricularia oryzae Cav.) of Ciherang rice variety at the endemic location and its effect on yield lossBlast is one of the most important diseases of rice worldwide. Many countries have developed data on the intensity and yield loss due to blast disease, whereas Indonesia has no such data resulted from trial specifically designed to estimate blast intensity at the endemic location and its potential yield loss. Such data are needed for various purposes, such as for disease management policy and research background. A trial has been carried out at Desa Bojong, Kecamatan Cikembar, Kabupaten Sukabumi, a location where blast was endemic for years, using var. Ciherang that is known as susceptible and widely grown by farmers. Eight concentrations of fungicide of single as well as mix active ingredients were used to see the effects in suppressing blast diseases compared with of control. Trial used a Randomized Block Design with 5 replicates. The parameters observed were the intensity of leaf blast, neck blast and yield. The results showed that the disease intensity of var. Ciherang at the endemic location was 55.60% of leaf blast and 37.75% of neck blast. The potency of yield loss calculated was 3.65 ton/ha or equal with 61% of the average yield of var. Ciherang as described in its variety description. This number justifies the important of control measures of rice blast diseases.Keywords: Blast disease intensity, var. Ciherang, Potency of yield lossABSTRAKPenyakit blas merupakan salah satu penyakit utama pada tanaman padi di seluruh dunia. Berbagai negara sudah memiliki data tentang intensitas dan kehilangan hasil padi oleh penyakit blas, sementara di Indonesia belum ada hasil pengujian yang khusus dirancang untuk melihat tingkat intensitas penyakit blas di daerah endemik dan potensi kehilangan hasil yang diakibatkannya. Data sejenis ini penting untuk berbagai keperluan antara lain untuk kebijakan pengendalian dan dasar pentingnya penelitian. Suatu percobaan telah dilakukan di Desa Bojong, Kecamatan Cikembar, Kabupaten Sukabumi yang merupakan daerah endemik penyakit blas selama bertahun-tahun, menggunakan var Ciherang yang merupakan varietas rentan namun populer ditanam petani. Delapan bahan aktif fungisida berbahan aktif tunggal dan majemuk digunakan untuk melihat pengaruh penekanannya dibandingkan kontrol. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan lima ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah intensitas penyakit blas daun dan blas leher malai serta hasil padi. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa intensitas penyakit blas pada tanaman padi var. Ciherang di daerah endemik adalah 55,60% untuk blas daun, dan 37,75% untuk blas leher malai. Potensi kehilangan hasil oleh gabungan penyakit blas pada var. Ciherang adalah 3,65 ton/ha atau setara dengan 61% kehilangan hasil jika dibandingkan terhadap rata-rata produksi var. Ciherang menurut spesifikasi varietas. Data ini menjustifikasi perlunya pengambilan tindakan pengendalian penyakit blas pada tanaman padi.Kata Kunci: Intensitas penyakit blas, var. Ciherang, Potensi kehilangan hasil

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Genotyping for Blast (Pyricularia oryzae) Resistance Genes in F2 Population of Supa Aromatic Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

International Journal of Genomics ◽

10.1155/2019/5246820 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

L. Kanyange ◽

J. Kamau ◽

O. Ombori ◽

A. Ndayiragije ◽

M. Muthini

Keyword(s):

Host Plants ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Blast Resistance ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Snp Markers ◽

Pyricularia Oryzae ◽

Blast Disease ◽

Aromatic Rice ◽

R Genes ◽

F2 Population

The ascomycete fungus, Pyricularia oryzae or Magnaporthe oryzae, is known to cause blast disease in more than 80 host plants of the Gramineae family—cereals including rice and grasses. The improvement of the Supa234 rice line (IR97012-27-3-1-1-B, containing badh2 gene for aroma) developed at IRRI-ESA Burundi consisted of introgression of R genes (Pita and Pi9) for blast resistance. The F2 population obtained via the cross had been screened for blast resistance using inoculation with Pyricularia oryzae spore’s suspension. The objectives of this study were to assess the presence of Pita and Pi9 genes for blast resistance and to assess the presence of the badh2 gene for aroma in the screened F2 plants using molecular markers. Genotyping was carried out in 103 F2 plants which grew to maturity using the KASP genotyping method with SNP markers (snpOS0007, snpOS0006, and snpOS0022) targeting the Pita and Pi9 genes for blast resistance and the badh2 gene for aromatic fragrance. The genotyping results showed that 38 F2 plants had the Pita gene present in both alleles, 31 F2 plants with the Pita gene in one allele, and only one plant (3B1) was found with the Pi9 gene in one allele. The badh2 gene for aroma was detected in 27 F2 plants on both alleles and in 57 F2 plants on one allele. There were thirteen plants which had both the Pita gene and the badh2 gene for aroma, and only one plant (3B1) had a combination of the three genes (Pita, Pi9, and badh2). Seven plants resistant to blast disease (2H2, 2H4, 1G2, 1C12, 1E13, 1B12, and 1C5) with the Pita and badh2 genes were found, and only one resistant plant (3B1) had a combination of the three genes Pi9, Pita, and badh2 which is recommended to be bulked for the development of the Supa aromatic rice variety resistant to blast disease. The plants generated by the best line 3B1 should further be evaluated for grain quality (Supa type) after F5 generation in the field.

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Bacillus Cyclic Lipopeptides Iturin and Fengycin Control Rice Blast Caused by Pyricularia oryzae in Potting and Acid Sulfate Soils by Direct Antagonism and Induced Systemic Resistance

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9071441 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 1441

Author(s):

Van Bach Lam ◽

Thibault Meyer ◽

Anthony Arguelles Arias ◽

Marc Ongena ◽

Feyisara Eyiwumi Oni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rice Blast ◽

Induced Systemic Resistance ◽

Pyricularia Oryzae ◽

Blast Disease ◽

Systemic Resistance ◽

Acid Sulfate Soils ◽

Acid Sulfate ◽

Wide Range ◽

Bacillus Spp ◽

Sulfate Soils

Rice monoculture in acid sulfate soils (ASSs) is affected by a wide range of abiotic and biotic constraints, including rice blast caused by Pyricularia oryzae. To progress towards a more sustainable agriculture, our research aimed to screen the biocontrol potential of indigenous Bacillus spp. against blast disease by triggering induced systemic resistance (ISR) via root application and direct antagonism. Strains belonging to the B. altitudinis and B. velezensis group could protect rice against blast disease by ISR. UPLC–MS and marker gene replacement methods were used to detect cyclic lipopeptide (CLiP) production and construct CLiPs deficient mutants of B. velezensis, respectively. Here we show that the CLiPs fengycin and iturin are both needed to elicit ISR against rice blast in potting soil and ASS conditions. The CLiPs surfactin, iturin and fengycin completely suppressed P. oryzae spore germination resulting in disease severity reduction when co-applied on rice leaves. In vitro microscopic assays revealed that iturin and fengycin inhibited the mycelial growth of the fungus P. oryzae, while surfactin had no effect. The capacity of indigenous Bacillus spp. to reduce rice blast by direct and indirect antagonism in ASS conditions provides an opportunity to explore their usage for rice blast control in the field.

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Studying of Cultural Properties of Pyricularia oryzae Cav. Strains in the South of Russia

Microbiology Research ◽

10.3390/microbiolres12010003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 21-28

Author(s):

Dmitry Nartymov ◽

Evgeny Kharitonov ◽

Elena Dubina ◽

Sergey Garkusha ◽

Margarita Ruban ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pyricularia Oryzae ◽

Blast Disease ◽

The South ◽

Directional Growth ◽

Rice Plants ◽

Affected Plant ◽

Cultural Traits ◽

Plant Form ◽

Using Data

This article presents the results of the development of a methodology for describing the main morphological and cultural traits of the Pyricularia oryzae Cav. strains widespread in the south of Russia. At the same time, the types of traits are identified and listed, which make it possible to unambiguously determine the uniqueness and variety of the pathogen. The relationships and patterns established using cluster and statistical analysis make it possible to identify the conditions for the development of a pathogen that determine its predominant forms. Thus, research shows that leaf forms of P. oryzae strains isolated from rice plants with leaf form of blast disease have an equally directional growth pattern of a colony with a felt structure, and strains isolated from neck-affected plant form often produce a zone of a colony with a clumpy structure. The classification of cultural traits will make it possible to obtain scientifically grounded and comparable data that can be used in the analysis of the interaction of P. oryzae strains with rice plants on various varieties and in various agro-technological conditions in order to improve and rationalize agricultural activities. The study opens up the possibility of using data in breeding, making it possible to identify forms of a pathogen that infect certain varieties.

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Identificação de progênies de arroz resistentes à brusone no Estado de São Paulo, em 1976/77

Bragantia ◽

10.1590/s0006-87051985000100029 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 311-329

Author(s):

Jaciro Soave ◽

Luiz Ernesto Azzini ◽

Octávio Bento de Almeida Camargo ◽

Armando Pettinelli Júnior ◽

Mauro Sakai

Keyword(s):

Rice Blast ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Pyricularia Oryzae ◽

Rice Blast Disease ◽

Blast Disease ◽

São Paulo

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados das pesquisas realizadas para a avaliação da resistência à brusone (Pyricularia oryzae Cav.) dos principais materiais de sequeiro e irrigado do programa de melhoramento genético do Instituto Agronômico do Estado de São Paulo, e de genótipos exóticos, introduzidos de diversos países, visando à obtenção de cultivares de arroz resistentes àquela limitante doença fúngica. Os testes foram realizados em condições de campo, em canteiros padronizados para reação uniforme a P. oryzae, e a avaliação das plantas foi feita através da observação dos sintomas visuais deixados pela doença, aos quais foram atribuídas notas de 1 a 7, conforme a escala de notas adotadas no "Symposium on the rice blast disease", em 1963. Sessenta e três germoplasmas de arroz de sequeiro e trinta de cultivo irrigado foram testados quanto à resistência à brusone na folha, nas seguintes localidades paulistas: Itararé, Mococa, Pariquera-Açu, Pindamonhangaba, Pindorama e Ribeirão Preto. Foram ainda avaliados 102 genótipos exóticos de arroz visando à detecção de fontes de resistência à brusone nas mesmas localidades, além de Campinas. Somente cinco cultivares de sequeiro, GS-73-164, GS-73-165, GS-73-94, IAC-25 e GS-73-17, e dois cultivares de arroz irrigado, IAC-120 e Pinda F-3-7, embora suscetíveis, apresentaram comportamento satisfatório quanto à brusone. Dos genótipos exóticos testados, vinte e sete foram indicados como fontes de resistência à brusone no Estado de São Paulo.

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