scholarly journals Professional Education and Law in the USSR (1970s)

2021 ◽  
pp. 065-074
Author(s):  
A. Ya. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Training System ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Vocational Schools ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
Education And Law

The article is the first part of a series devoted to topical legal issues of the development of the training system for workers and vocational education in vocational schools in the Soviet Union. Part one is devoted to the study of the legal foundations of vocational education in the 1970s. The author characterizes the Fundamentals of Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics on Labor (1970) in conjunction with the Labor Code of the RSFSR (1971). The novelties of legislation are analyzed.

scholarly journals The Euro in Historical Comparison to the Ruble and the Influence of Overconfidence.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Sebastian Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Historical Comparison ◽  
Currency Area ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
Former Ussr

This paper deals with the structured comparison of the former ruble monetary union with the euro currency area. As a basis, developments in the ruble currency area and in the Eurozone are traced. In a comparison of the central components of the currency areas, similarities, such as the heterogeneity of the states, and differences, for example the role of the central bank and the legal foundations of the currency area, are outlined. Subsequently, the significant historical exit causes of the states from the Soviet Union out of the ruble currency zone are presented. In addition to obvious structural factors, such as the unequal power structure, also practical reasons, such as the insufficient provision of cash for some areas, are considered. Regarding overconfidence, the sub-categories overestimation and overplacement can be detected mainly regarding the behavior of the administration of the former USSR. The third sub-category, overprecision, can primarily be found in the behavior the European Central Bank and their efforts to stabilize the Euro. Based on the findings, the conclusion can be drawn, that there are certain parallels between the two currency areas. However, the available options for action and mechanisms at the political and economic level in the Eurozone today are more wide-ranging than at the beginning of the 1990s in the ruble currency area.

Role of the dual VET in the secondary vocational education in Hungary

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
Ч.З. Ференц
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Education ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Training System ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Dual Model ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Chamber Of Commerce ◽  
The Past ◽  
Educational Programmes

Цель статьи — представить особенности дуальной системы в профессиональном образовании Венгрии, основываясь на опыте работы Торгово-промышленной палаты Венгрии в этом направлении за последние три года (2019–2021). Предпринята попытка систематизировать управленческие решения по внедрению дуальной системы обучения в профессиональное образование страны на принципах государственно-частного партнерств. Теоретическая значимость заключается в описании современной модели профессионального образования Венгрии (принципы формирования дуальных образовательных программ в двух типах образовательных организаций, механизмов партнерства предприятий и образовательных организаций при координирующей роли торгово-промышленной палаты). Практическая значимость — в описании нормативных правовых решений, обеспечивающих жизнеспособность дуальной модели обучения в стране. The purpose of the article is to characterize the features of the dual system in vocational education in Hungary based on the experience of the Hungarian Chamber of Commerce and Industry over the past three years (2019–2021). Rhe author attempts to systematize management decisions on the introduction of a dual training system in the country’s vocational education based on the principles of public-private partnerships. The theoretical significance lies in the description of the modern model of professional education in Hungary (the principles of the dual educational programmes formation in two types of educational organizations, partnership mechanisms of enterprises and educational organizations with the Chamber of Commerce and Industry having the coordinating role). The practical significance lies in the description of regulatory legal solutions that ensure the viability of the dual model of education in the country.

Consular Immunities: the Kasenkina Case (U.S.–U.S.S.R.)

1949 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-56
Author(s):  
Lawrence Preuss
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Legal Case ◽  
The Status

The recent Kasenkina and Samarin affairs, which led to a breach of consular relations between the United States and the Soviet Union, have raised a number of legal issues relating to the status of foreign consular officials. The legal principles involved, however, have been beclouded by widespread misunderstanding of the nature and scope of consular privileges and immunities, by obviously baseless charges made by the Soviet Government against that of the United States, and by the apparent reluctance of the latter to press to its fullest extent a sound legal case.

scholarly journals Experience of medical schools functioning in the USSR during World War II

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 01031
Author(s):  
Marina N. Svintsova ◽  
Mihail A. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Training System ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Personnel Training ◽  
World War ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Crisis Conditions

The pandemic environment, which emerged in 2020, makes it clear that analysis of historical experience of adaptation of expert training system during crises is very urgent. This article discusses the experience of medical schools in the Soviet Union during World War II, adaptation and rearrangement of the system under difficult crisis conditions, their results. New tasks of medical schools are determined, which occurred during the war, and methods of their solution. It is concluded that high shortage of medical doctors occurring with entry of the Soviet Union into the war was overcome by means of preservation (evacuation) and expansion (establishment of new medical schools, departments and courses, reorganization and reprofiling) of the base for medical personnel training, as well as emergency rearrangement of unified national educational plans and programs of medical doctors’ training. The principle of medical education established by the Soviet system of qualified medical personnel training during the war as well as the measures, coordinated by various federal and republican authorities regarding medical school, demonstrated their efficiency.

Current Problems of Relocation of Compatriots-Foreign Citizens to the Territory of Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
M. S. Aksenova ◽  
A. B. Chernykh
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Former Ussr

The article highlights the legal issues of the return of compatriots after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, when many citizens of the former USSR of Russian origin were separated from their historical homeland and were deprived of the opportunity to return to it. Particular attention is paid to identifying legislative gaps regarding the return of compatriots-foreign citizens to the territory of the Russian Federation and making proposals to address them.

Borderscapes in landscape: Identity meets ideology

2020 ◽  
pp. 095935432094813
Author(s):  
Raili Nugin ◽  
Hannes Palang
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Land Usage ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
Everyday Practices ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Empirical Material

This article explores the interrelatedness of ideology and everyday practices, which initiate and shape bordering practices in landscape. By analysing a case study of (re)arranging Estonian land usage borders after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, it gives a glance at how the conflicts that arise from bordering practices are reconciled on the individual and collective level. The empirical material of the study is based on the minutes of the Estonian Parliament (1990–1995), semistructured interviews, and land maps. The article maps the intermingling of (a) ideology, (b) everyday practices, and (c) bordering practices on changes in the landscape during the period of legislative turbulence in the 1990s. The article suggests that the processes of shaping borders in landscape are dynamic, depending on complex interrelations of identity and ideology. Additionally, past layers become important both in negotiating everyday lives and in negotiating legal issues.

Liability for Damage Caused by Space Debris: The Cosmos 954 Claim

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 273-279
Author(s):  
Edward G. Lee ◽  
D. W. Sproule
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Space Debris ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Space Objects ◽  
Compensation For Damage ◽  
International Liability

Canada's claim against the Soviet Union for compensation for damages caused by the re-entry and crash in 1978 of the Soviet satellite, Cosmos 954, was based primarily on the 1972 Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects (hereinafter referred to as the Liability Convention) and also on the Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, the Return of Astronauts and the Return of Objects (hereinafter referred to as the Rescue and Return Agreement). It gave rise to several legal issues concerning the interpretation of these conventions. They are of relevance to states seeking compensation for damage caused by space debris.

The Russian minority in Estonia

1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred H. Wiegandt
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Legal Issue ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
Cardinal Point ◽  
Human Rights Standards

AbstractThis article examines the situation of the Russian minority in Estonia, focusing on legal issues. It traces back the historical reasons for the current minority problem which can be found in the demographic changes that took place after the country's annexation by the Soviet Union. The author examines the Estonian laws most relevant to the minorities and their compliance with international human rights standards. He sees the cardinal point from a legal perspective in the fact that international law basically does not restrict the sovereign right of a state to regulate its citizenship. Thus the author comes to the conclusion that Estonian laws in general do not violate international law. He points out that it would be false to reduce the problem to this legal issue and shows how the involvement of international organizations helped to mitigate a situation that could potentially lead to a violent confrontation.

scholarly journals Career Expectations in the Problem Fieldof Rural Youth Life Strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Evgenia I. Zasedateleva
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Life Strategy ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Career Strategies ◽  
Higher Professional Education ◽  
And Behavior

The article is devoted to the study of a career as a life strategy for rural youth. In an everchanging society, youth’s views on career and behavior patterns are changing. In rural conditions, youth career strategies may differ from the career strategies of city residents. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the need arose to find a job as a graduate on their own, which led to a new direction in research - the study of the initial stage of a youth career and issues related to their construction. A study conducted in institutions of higher professional education in the city of Novosibirsk showed thestudents’attitudes toward the beginning of a career, minimum wages, the need or absence of the need for part-time work during studies, the importance of career growth, the value of a diploma.

scholarly journals THE PECULIARITIES OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING AT HIGHER AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS OF THE EASTERN PART OF UKRAINE WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF INTERNATIONALIZATION PROCESS (DONETSK OBLAST CASE)

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Iryna Myhovych
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Training System ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Regional Labor Market ◽  
Regional Budget

The article presents the results of the case study of the process of providing educational services in the field of professional education in institutions of higher and vocational education of Donetsk region, eastern part of Ukraine, with the reference to the process of internationalization as one of the realia of higher / professional education of today. The process of internationalization is outlined as a process of cooperation with public authorities, heads of educational institutions, teaching staff and students to support the international component of the process of providing educational services. It is pointed out that the reform of the system of professional education in higher and vocational education institutions today influences not only the further prospects of development of educational sphere, but also the application of new strategies by institutions in the context of their positioning. The study provides a number of practical recommendations that can be considered as an initial mechanism for monitoring the needs of the regional labor market, providing professional training based on information on the approximate number of workers of different professions needed by regional employers to provide a basis to confirm the allocation of funds from the state (regional) budget, etc. The recommendations provided create the ground for successful functioning and development of the professional training system in the region, and the process of internationalization is defined as a factor that influences the transformation of professional education system towards modernization of its basic structural elements in order to improve quality in the face of increasing labor market needs, and therefore to improve the image of educational institution.

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