scholarly journals The Differentiation and Analysis of Pivotal Construction and Similar Syntactic Constructions

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 498
Author(s):  
Zhiyan Hu

Since the appearance of “pivotal construction”, scholars have always questioned its existence and wanted to classify it into the category of other syntactic constructions. Therefore, it is necessary to make a more detailed distinction between the pivotal construction and the other similar syntactic constructions. Generally, the pivotal construction can be abbreviated as N1 + V1 + N2 + V2, which is the same as in other syntactic constructions or sentence patterns: subject-predicate structure as the object construction, serial predicate construction, fused serial predicate and pivotal construction. In this paper, syntax combined with semantics, these four simple sentence patterns (syntactic constructions) are taken as examples and analyzed in detail. Finally, we draw a conclusion that N1, V1, N2, V2 have complex relationship on the syntactic structure. Meanwhile, through the semantic analysis and classification of V1, we make a clear distinction of V1 in the four types of simple sentence patterns and the relationship between V1 and V2 is clearly differentiated.

2019 ◽  
Vol X (4 (29)) ◽  
pp. 63-84
Author(s):  
Aneta Babiuk-Massalska

The article reviews the definitions of the tutoring concept in preschoolers relationships. Can we qualify the relationships of preschool children in learning situations as tutoring? Or maybe a different name would be more suitable for them? Preschoolers are used to learning in a different way than adults and older children. They prefer learning mimicking or playing. They obtain knowldge occasionally an unintentionally. In turn, definitions of tutoring quite precisely contain formulated fortifications that a little child is not able to meet yet. Immaturity of the nervous system limit the level and length of attention span of little child and relatively small, compared to school children and adults number of social experiences can seriously hamper the classification of situations in which children learn from each other as tutoring. While the generally understood master-student relationship, associated with tutoring, is quite often noticeable during childhood collaboration and play in which one child can do more than the other, the more detailed assumptions of tutoring are not as accessible to the observer. For example, it is difficult to talk about the regularity or planned nature of children's relationships. The definition of tutoring also sets specific expectations regarding the teacher's skills, among which are: high interpersonal competences, commitment to the relationship with the mentee, professionalism and responsibility. From a preschool child who would play the role of a teacher, it is difficult to demand fluent speech, not to mention professionalism and regularity. A preschool child, who just start to learn numbers, is often unable to orient himself in time, which makes it difficult or even impossible to plan and systematize his activities. Little child needs adult help in this area.


2005 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-114
Author(s):  
William W. Armstrong

Writing has long been the primary means of communicating in the sciences, yet the nature of the written word is rapidly changing as we enter a new era of electronic communications and virtual realities. This article examines some of these changes, particularly as they pertain to the disciplines of chemistry and physics and, most important, within the scope of the complex relationship between authors, publishers, and distributors (distributors in this case being academic libraries). This examination involves looking at changes within this triumvirate, the relationship each of the three has with the other, and ramifications of the changes as we peer into the near future. The three members of the triumvirate are intricately and inextricably bound together, and problems that occur within any one component will inevitably affect the others, imperiling the relationship between writer and reader. Such potential problems are brought to light in this article.


2012 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris J. Viljoen ◽  
Julian C. Müller

This research project is an attempt to develop a rich understanding about the relationship between seafarers and their families by means of a conversational construction between a number of co-researchers. In order to do this, the question that is explored is: How can there be a better understanding of the lives, the circumstances and the problems that seafarers are experiencing in the relationship with their families? The answer put forward in this research is that this can be accomplished through a narrative approach guided by the ABDCE formula which applies the metaphor of story writing to research. The research was motivated by pastoral and missionary concerns. The epistemologies that informed this research were social constructionism, the narrative approach and postfoundationalism with its emphasis on the interdisciplinary approach. In this article the main character for this research was a seafarer called John1 from Nigeria who was brought into conversation with a number of other co- researchers. The understanding that was developed found that the career choice of seafarers creates problems in their relationship with their family because they become in a sense strangers and outsiders to their loved ones. On the other hand seafarers are empowered, many times through their faith, to handle the challenges of their career, in addition to which this profession offers opportunities that would otherwise not have been possible. The relationship between a seafarer and his or her family was described as a complex one and thin, superficial and stereotypical conclusions were hopefully in the process deconstructed.


Author(s):  
Vincenzo Ferrone

This chapter examines the debate between Ernst Cassirer and Martin Heidegger over the question “What is man?”—and thus, indirectly, the authentic meaning of Immanuel Kant's philosophy—and relates it to Pope Benedict XVI's views on the complex relationship between Christianity and Enlightenment culture. What was at stake in the Cassirer–Heidegger debate was the very existence of the Enlightenment and the legitimacy of its epistemological foundation. Cassirer accepted the need to redefine the relationship between the a priori and experience, in view of an idealistic conception of Kantian transcendentalism that was both more complex and problematic. His position remained firmly within the universalistic tradition of Enlightenment humanism. Heidegger, on the other hand, saw the Enlightenment as the final phase of the vilified trajectory of Western metaphysics that had resulted in the enthronement of man. The chapter also considers the Catholic Church's anti-Enlightenment positions.


2020 ◽  
pp. 87-168
Author(s):  
Mohsen Kadivar

This chapter takes the form of a transcribed interview and consists of a reflection on the relationship between traditional Islam and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and its related covenants, and provides a solution for making traditional Islam compatible with the idea of human rights. It critiques traditional Islamic approaches to the question of compatibility between human rights and Islam and argues instead for their reconciliation from the perspective of a reformist Islam. The chapter focuses on six controversial case studies: religious discrimination; gender discrimination; slavery; freedom of religion; punishment of apostasy; and arbitrary or harsh punishments. Explaining the strengths of structural ijtihad, the author’s approach is based on the rational classification of Islamic teachings as temporal or permanent on the one hand, and four criteria of being Islamic on the other: reasonableness, justice, morality and efficiency. In the chapter, all of the verses of the Qur’an and the Hadith that are problematic in relation to the notion of human rights are abrogated rationally according to these criteria. The result is a powerful, solutions-based argument based on reformist Islam – providing a scholarly bridge between modernity and Islamic tradition in relation to human rights.


Author(s):  
Zulaikhat Magomedovna Mallaeva

The article examines the relationship between the semantics of a sentence and its grammatical structure. The complexity of the research is due to the following factors: 1) the lack of own research methods for the grammat-ical structure of the sentence; 2) the absence of more or less fully explicated concepts and terms for the study of the semantics of the sentence. In the Dagestan languages of the ergative typology, such structural types of sentences are presented, which differ both in terms of content and in terms of grammatical design of this content. The peculiarities of the syntactic structure of the language of the Dagestan languages cannot be investigated without establishing the regular connections that exist between the structural types of the sentence and the logical content of the sentence, on the one hand, and between the semantics of the sentence and a special grammatical form of representation of this content, on the other hand.


2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-65
Author(s):  
Betina Kuzmarov

The story would recapture the trace of Judaism, particularly the mystical Jew, in the early literature of international law—I think most readily of Gentilis' obsession with Judaism—a Judaism that seems at once the law that revelation and redemption replace and the mysticism that law and state refuse. Paradoxically enough, we find here our own complex relationship between law and religion exactly mirrored in the relationship between Christianity and Judaism.This article examines the relationship between the Jewish laws of war and international law. As Kennedy notes in the opening quote, one way of understanding the relationship between Jewish laws of war and international law is as part of the relationship between international law and its “other.” Kennedy defines Jewish law as mystical, and in so doing he asserts that Jewish law is different in form than state law/international law. Kennedy's opposition of Jewish law and international law is not accidental. It is a direct consequence of the history of international law. As Mutua has noted “[i]nternational law claims to be universal, although its creators have unambiguously asserted its European and Christian origins.” From this point of view, international law has “universalized” its particular origins with the consequence that any non-European or non-Christian tradition is not universal and is the “other.” This fact leads Kennedy to argue that international law has ignored (among many other things) the traces of religion, mysticism and Judaism in its history in its quest to claim secular universality.


1950 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
George K. Hirst

The interrelationships of the cellular receptors and the hemagglutinin inhibitors of a new strain of virus (1233) to members of the mumps-Newcastle disease-influenza group have been investigated. It was found that strain. 1233 does not destroy the receptors or inhibitors of the other group, nor does the latter destroy 1233 receptors or inhibitor. The sole exception to this statement was a moderate destruction of 1233 inhibitor in egg white by Newcastle disease virus. The classification of strain 1233 was discussed in the light of this evidence, evidence which tends to place strain 1233 in a different category from that of any other strain of the MNI group.


2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-52
Author(s):  
Nadia Bouhadid

    Folle por la escritora canadiense Nelly Arcan es el espacio de un intento de auto reconstrucción a través de la exposición de un antagonismo de identidad generado por una relación compleja mantenida con el Otro. La exploración de la vida íntima se expresa entonces como un proceso de reconocimiento y abnegación; El tiempo, el espacio y el cuerpo se racionalizan mediante un discurso muy estereotipado. Nuestro estudio pretende explicar la relación entre esta auto-reconstrucción dentro de un antagonismo de identidad y la escritura autoficcional, en particular gracias al concepto de identidad queer.     Nuestro enfoque se basará en un método descriptivo y analítico que forma parte de un enfoque interdisciplinario que se basa principalmente en la filosofía, el psicoanálisis y los estudios sobre el tema de la identidad y la interculturalidad.   Folle of the Canadian writer Nelly Arcan is the space of an attempt at self-reconstruction through an exposure of an identity antagonism generated by a complex relationship maintained with the Other. The exploration of the intimate life is then expressed as a process of recognition and self-denial; time, space and the body are then rationalized by a very stereotyped speech. Our study aims to explain the relationship between this self-reconstruction within an identity antagonism and autofictional writing, notably thanks to the concept of queer identity.     Our approach will be based on a descriptive and analytical method which is part of an interdisciplinary approach drawing mainly on philosophy, psychoanalysis and studies on the issue of identity and interculturality. Folle de l’écrivaine canadienne Nelly Arcan est l’espace d’une tentative de reconstruction de soi au travers d’une mise à nu d’un antagonisme identitaire généré par un rapport complexe entretenu avec l’Autre. L’exploration de la vie intime est alors exprimée comme un processus de reconnaissance et de reniement de soi ; le temps, l’espace et le corps sont alors rationalisés par un discours très stéréotypé. Notre étude vise à expliquer le rapport entre cette reconstruction de soi au sein d’un antagonisme identitaire et l’écriture autofictionnelle, notamment grâce au concept de l’identité queer. Notre démarche sera basée sur une méthode descriptive et analytique qui s’inscrit au sein d’une approche interdisciplinaire puisant essentiellement dans la philosophie, la psychanalyse et les études portant sur la problématique identitaire et interculturelle.


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