scholarly journals The Self and the Other in "The Land of Dreams"

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Sura M. Khrais ◽  
Hana A. Daana
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
European Model ◽  
Human Contact ◽  
Racial Gaps ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Land Of Dreams

This paper is a study of the post-colonial polarity of the Self/the Other in Hanan Al Shaykh's short story "The Land of Dreams". It investigates the sub-textual tensions between her admiration of the European model (the Self) and her status as an Arab writer representing the Other. Thus, Al Shaykh presents a prejudiced text in which the Other is misrepresented and rather stereotypically portrayed. While the Self is civilised and a savior-like figure, the Other (Yemini men and women) is primitive, superstitious and ignorant.  Furthermore, the researcher will show that what seems to be a meaningful connection across the racial line where the Self (Ingrid; the civilised European) and the Other (Yemini people) find a contact zone is no more than an illogical oversimplification of the relationship. While Hanan Al Shaykh introduces this model of racial liberation through unification of the Self and the Other, the question remains to what extent would that relationship sustain the pressures of the primitive culture of the Other? Indeed, Al Shaykh tends to simplify and generalise the relationship to the point of producing romantic and idealised images of a human contact beyond cultural and racial gaps, which strikes the reader as naïve and unrealistic.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ANTARA HARDINESS DENGAN SELF-EFFICACY PADA LANSIA MASIH BEKERJA DI BANGUNTAPAN BANTUL

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Feranita Indriati ◽  
Titik Muti’ah
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Pearson Product Moment Correlation ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT This research aims to know the relationship between hardiness and self-efficacy of lansia (elderly) who still works in Banguntapan Bantul. The Hypotheses in this research is the relationship between hardiness and self-efficacy of lansia (elderly) who still works in Banguntapan Bantul.Subject of this research are working lansia (elderly) to men and women working lansia (elderly) with ages around 65 until 70 years old they are men and women that has total of 70. The the data was collected by using instrument used hardness and self-efficacay scale. The data was analysised using pearson product moment correlation with program SPSS Version 16 for Windows.The result of the analysis, showed that the correlation was between variable hardiness and self-efficacy 0,713 with P=0,00. This result and true the hypotheses was accepted meaning there is a relationship between hardiness and self-efficacy. It means that whenever the self-efficacay in lansia (elderly) are highest so the the hardiness are highest too. And the other way, if the self efficacy in lansia (elderly) are lowest so the hardiness are lowest too. Keywords : Hardiness, Self Efficacy, and Lansia (Elderly)

scholarly journals “Palavras suaves para os operários”: trabalho e trabalhadores no projeto literário de Carolina Maria de Jesus

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-156
Author(s):  
Fernando Cauduro Pureza ◽  
Juliane Vargas Welter
Keyword(s):  
Central Element ◽  
Literary Form ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Poor Woman ◽  
Brazilian Literature ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Literature And Society ◽  
Carolina Maria De Jesus ◽  
The Relationship

Resumo: A partir das obras Quarto de despejo: diário de uma favelada (1960) e Diário de Bitita (1986), de Carolina Maria de Jesus, este artigo propõe uma leitura preliminar da categoria trabalho e seu duplo, trabalhador, tendo como pressuposto as relações entre literatura e sociedade (CANDIDO, 2006). Para tanto, entende-se a posição da escritora e sua autorrepresentação (DALCASTAGNÈ, 2007) como interseccional (DAVIS, 2016): mulher, negra e pobre; e parte de três eixos de análise: a representação do outro como trabalhador; a representação de si como trabalhadora; e a representação/formalização de si em relação à escrita. A hipótese explorada neste texto é que a categoria trabalho/trabalhador constitui dialeticamente as narrativas carolineanas, seja no conteúdo, seja na forma. Por este percurso, por sua vez, foi possível constatar que a ambiguidade com que o trabalho é tratado revela um movimento de síntese em torno de um projeto literário de Carolina Maria de Jesus, que tem como elemento central justamente pensar e representar o mundo do trabalho a partir de uma reflexão sobre si.Palavras-chave: literatura brasileira; trabalho; Carolina Maria de Jesus.Abstract: Departing from the literary pieces Quarto de despejo: diário de uma favelada (1960) and Diário de Bitita (1986), both written by Carolina Maria de Jesus, this paper proposes a preliminary reading of the labor category and its counterpart, the laborer, having as a backdrop the relationship between literature and society. For that matter, we take the writer’s position and her (DAVIS, 2016) self-representation (DALCASTAGNÈ, 2007) to be intersectional: a black and poor woman and part of a tripartite analytical axis - the representation of the other as working men and women; the self-representation as a working woman; and the representation/formalization of herself towards the act of writing. The hypothesis explored here is that the category of labor/laborer constitutes, in a dialectical way, Carolinean narratives, both in substance and in literary form. Following this idea, it was possible to conclude that the ambiguity in which labor is treated reveals a movement of synthesis around the literary project of Carolina Maria Jesus, whose central element is the thought and the representation of the labor world as a result of thinking about herself.Keywords: Brazilian literature; labor; Carolina Maria de Jesus.

From Container to Claustrum: Projective Identification in Couples

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Projective Identification ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intimate Partners ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
As If

This paper is a contribution to the growing literature on the role of projective identification in understanding couples' dynamics. Projective identification as a defence is well suited to couples, as intimate partners provide an ideal location to deposit unwanted parts of the self. This paper illustrates how projective identification functions differently depending on the psychological health of the couple. It elucidates how healthier couples use projective identification more as a form of communication, whereas disturbed couples are inclined to employ it to invade and control the other, as captured by Meltzer's concept of "intrusive identification". These different uses of projective identification affect couples' capacities to provide what Bion called "containment". In disturbed couples, partners serve as what Meltzer termed "claustrums" whereby projections are not contained, but imprisoned or entombed in the other. Applying the concept of claustrum helps illuminate common feelings these couples express, such as feeling suffocated, stifled, trapped, held hostage, or feeling as if the relationship is killing them. Finally, this paper presents treatment challenges in working with more disturbed couples.

Tactile Vision and Enworlded Being

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleo Hanaway-Oakley
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
Gestalt Theory ◽  
Fin De Siècle ◽  
Phenomenal Field ◽  
The Relationship

Stephen’s musings on the pre-cinematic ‘stereoscope’ are discussed in relation to Bloom’s contemplation of parallax and his mention of the ‘Mutoscope’. The three-dimensionality, tangibility, and tactility of stereoscopic perception is analysed alongside Bloom’s and Gerty’s encounter in ‘Nausicaa’ and the Merleau-Pontian concepts of ‘flesh’ and ‘intercorporeity’. The bodily effects of projected cinema—achieved through virtual film worlds, virtual film bodies, and the intercorporeity of film and spectator—are discussed through reference to panorama, phantom ride, and crash films. The dizzying effects of some of these films are compared to the vertiginous nature of the ‘Wandering Rocks’ episode of Ulysses; these cinematic and literary vestibular disturbances are elucidated through gestalt theory and the phenomenological concepts of ‘intention’, ‘attention’, and the ‘phenomenal field’. Finally, the relationship between the self and the other is considered, through a discussion of cinematic mirroring in Ulysses and in Mitchell and Kenyon’s fin de siècle Living Dublin films.

Sex Differences in Reward Allocation

1988 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 981-982
Author(s):  
Kerry C. Martin ◽  
Jay Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Work Groups ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Reward Allocation

Men and women were presented descriptions of two dyadic work groups. In both groups, one member of the dyad did approximately two-thirds of the work. For one of the groups, subjects were asked to imagine that they were the worker of high productivity while for the other group subjects were asked to imagine that they were impartial observers. Subjects were asked to divide the rewards among the two workers for both groups. Men and women did not differ in allocation of reward when acting as impartial observers. When subjects imagined themselves as the worker of high productivity, men gave themselves a greater share of the reward than did women. It was concluded that the results were consistent with the self-interest explanation of sex differences in allocation of reward.

Jainism in Danger? Temple entry and the rhetoric of religion and reform in post-colonial India

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-37
Author(s):  
MANISHA SETHI
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Open The Doors ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract A bitter debate broke out in the Digambar Jain community in the middle of the twentieth century following the passage of the Bombay Harijan Temple Entry Act in 1947, which continued until well after the promulgation of the Untouchability (Offences) Act 1955. These laws included Jains in the definition of ‘Hindu’, and thus threw open the doors of Jain temples to formerly Untouchable castes. In the eyes of its Jain opponents, this was a frontal and terrible assault on the integrity and sanctity of the Jain dharma. Those who called themselves reformists, on the other hand, insisted on the closeness between Jainism and Hinduism. Temple entry laws and the public debates over caste became occasions for the Jains not only to examine their distance—or closeness—to Hinduism, but also the relationship between their community and the state, which came to be imagined as predominantly Hindu. This article, by focusing on the Jains and this forgotten episode, hopes to illuminate the civilizational categories underlying state practices and the fraught relationship between nationalism and minorities.

Levinas and the Responsibility to Provide in Southeast Asia

2019 ◽  
pp. 153-178
Author(s):  
See Seng Tan
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moral Force ◽  
Communitarian Ethics ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Asian Context ◽  
The Relationship

Firstly, this chapter introducesLevinas’ ‘responsibility for the other’ notion as an alternative to the liberal and communitarian conceptions of responsibility and sovereignty. Both liberal and communitarian ethics are problematic because of theirshared assumption that responsibility is first and foremost to the self. The chapter introduces key features of Levinas’ ethics – the place and role of hospitality, reciprocity and justice in the responsibility for the other. It also examines how friendly critiques by interlocutors(Derrida, Ricoeur, Caputo, etc.) help moderate Levinas’ idealism without necessarily taking things in overly pragmatic or realist directions or, worse, blunting its moral force. Secondly, the chapter assesses the relevance of Levinas’ ethics to the questions of responsible sovereignty and the R2Provide in Southeast Asia. With reference to the regional conduct described in Chapters 4, 5 and 6, it is argued that Levinas’ ideas redefine the terms of the relationship between responsible providers and their recipients in three key ways: one, our assumptions and expectations over one’s extension of hospitality to one’s neighbours; two, the rethinking of mutuality and reciprocity between providers and recipients; and three, the ways in which the considerations for justice play out within the Southeast Asian context are concerned.

Reading engagement

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özen Odağ
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reading Engagement ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Reading Study ◽  
The Relationship

This contribution focuses on three reader characteristics that potentially influence the ways in which men and women become engaged during reading: a reader’s gender, empathy and ability to critically and constructively perceive reality. These traits (in addition to biological sex) were assessed as part of an experimental reading study, and subsequently used to predict the variation in engagement during reading. Eighty-eight readers (50% female) took part in the study and read one of four narratives randomly assigned to them. Reader traits and reading engagement were assessed by questionnaire. Regression analyses showed that the relationship between biological sex and reading engagement is considerably more complex than mostly assumed: contrary to expectation, gender did not impact reading engagement in significant ways. In line with the hypothesis, however, higher levels of empathy, of critical thinking about mediated contents, and of constructively adopting narrative contents to one’s own life, significantly related to higher degrees of the reading engagement of men and women. Biological sex turned out to be significant for reading engagement only in combination with the other reader traits.

Gendered Paths to Enlightenment: The Intersection of Gender and Religion in Buddhist Temples in Mainland China and the United States

2020 ◽  
pp. 232949652096818
Author(s):  
Di Di
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Temple

This study explores how religious adherents construct their ideas regarding gender in Buddhist faith communities. Two temples, one in China and the other in the United States, both affiliated with the same international Buddhist headquarters, are situated in national contexts that endorse different macro-level gender norms. While leaders of both temples teach similar religious gender norms—specifically, that gender is unimportant for spiritual advancement—adherents do articulate gender differences in other respects. Buddhists at the temple in China believe that men and women differ but should be treated equally, with neither holding dominance over the other; meanwhile, U.S. practitioners also believe that everyone should be treated equally irrespective of gender, but they view men and women as essentially the same. A close analysis reveals that Buddhists at both temples recognize the distinctions between their religious and societal macro-level gender norms and navigate between these norms when constructing their own understandings of gender. This study highlights the influence of national context on the relationship between gender and religion, thereby contributing to and deepening our understanding of the subject.

Tracing Sexual Difference

1998 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Pamela Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Personal Identity ◽  
Emmanuel Levinas ◽  
Sexual Difference ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Luce Irigaray ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
The Difference

A reading of Luce Irigaray suggests the possibility of tracing sexual difference in philosophical accounts of personal identity. In particular, I argue that Irigaray raises the possibility of moving beyond the aporia of the other which lies at the heart of Paul Ricoeur's account of self-identity. My contention is that the self conceived in Ricoeur's Oneself as Another is male insofar as it is dependent upon the patriarchal monotheism which has shaped Western culture both socially and economically. Nevertheless there remains the possibility of developing Ricoeur's reference to 'the trace of the Other' in order to give a non-essential meaning to sexual difference. Such meaning will emerge when (i) both men and women have identities as subjects, and (ii) the difference between them can be expressed. I aim to elucidate both conditions by appropriating Irigaray's 'Questions to Emmanuel Levinas: On the Divinity of Love.'

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