scholarly journals The Influence of Outdoor Education and Gender on the Development of Social Values

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Amung Ma'mun ◽  
Eka Nugraha ◽  
Adli Hakama ◽  
Jahidin J
Keyword(s):  
Outdoor Education ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Gain Scores ◽  
Environmental Care ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Better Than

This article reveals the differences in the development of social values through outdoor educational activities (OE) equipped with structured and unstructured games by looking at gender factors. OE activities were conducted in Parongpong and Gunung Artapela, West Bandung West Java Indonesia, followed by 32 students divided into two groups. With a simple 2 x 2 factorial design, the first group was given an OE activity equipped with a structured game and a second group of unstructured games, amounting to 16 people per group. Before and after following OE each sample filled out a questionnaire about the development of social values (environmental care, self-control, communication, and cohesiveness). Gain scores are used to test the hypotheses of the questionnaire after and before following the OE through ANOVA and Tukey. The results are: firstly, there is no overall difference in the effect of OE equipped with structured games with unstructured development of social values; Secondly, there is an interplay between the game model in OE with gender so as to give different effects on the development of social values; Thirdly, there is a difference of influence between OE and structured game with unstructured development of social values in the male gender group, OE equipped with better structured game than unstructured game; Fourth, there is a difference in the effect of OE with unstructured game structured to the development of social values in women's gender groups, OE activities with unstructured games better than structured. OE activities require the right type of game according to their gender. Equips OE with structured games suitable for men and unstructured for women.

Biomechanical characteristics of allogeneic cortical bone pins designed for fracture fixation

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
M. R. Edwards ◽  
S. P. James ◽  
W. S. Dernell ◽  
R. J. Scott ◽  
A. M. Bachand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Fracture Fixation ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Left Tibia ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right ◽  
Biomechanical Comparison ◽  
Better Than

SummaryThe biomechanical characteristics of 1.2 mm diameter allogeneic cortical bone pins harvested from the canine tibia were evaluated and compared to 1.1 mm diameter stainless steel pins and 1.3 mm diameter polydioxanone (PDS) pins using impact testing and four-point bending. The biomechanical performance of allogeneic cortical bone pins using impact testing was uniform with no significant differences between sites, side, and gender. In four-point bending, cortical bone pins harvested from the left tibia (204.8 ± 77.4 N/mm) were significantly stiffer than the right tibia (123.7 ± 54.4 N/mm, P=0.0001). The site of bone pin harvest also had a significant effect on stiffness, but this was dependent on interactions with gender and side. Site C in male dogs had the highest mean stiffness in the left tibia (224.4 ± 40.4 N/mm), but lowest stiffness in the right tibia (84.9 ± 24.2 N/mm). Site A in female dogs had the highest mean stiffness in the left tibia (344.9 ± 117.4 N/mm), but lowest stiffness in the right tibia (60.8 ± 3.7 N/mm). The raw and adjusted bending properties of 1.2 mm cortical bone pins were significantly better than 1.3 mm PDS pins, but significantly worse than 1.1 mm stainless steel pins (P<0.0001). In conclusion, cortical bone pins may be suitable as an implant for fracture fixation based on initial biomechanical comparison to stainless steel and PDS pins used in clinical practice.

A Volumetric Study of the Corpus Callosum in the Turkish Population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Handan Soysal ◽  
Niyazi Acer ◽  
Meltem Özdemir ◽  
Önder Eraslan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Brain Scans ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Data ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Two Age Groups

Abstract Objective The aim of this study is to measure the average corpus callosum (CC) volume of healthy Turkish humans and to analyze the effects of gender and age on volumes, including the genu, truncus, and splenium parts of the CC. Patients and Methods Magnetic resonance imaging brain scans were obtained from 301 healthy male and female subjects, aged 11 to 84 years. The median age was 42 years (min–max: 11–82) in females and 49 years (min–max: 12–84) in males. Corpus callosum and its parts were calculated by using MRICloud. CC volumes of each subject were compared with those of the age and gender groups. Results All volumes of the CC were significantly higher in males than females. All left volumes except BCC were significantly higher than the right volumes in both males and females. The oldest two age groups (50–69 and 70–84 years) were found to have higher bilateral CC volumes, and bilateral BCC volumes were also higher than in the other two age groups (11–29 and 30–49 years). Conclusion The results suggest that compared with females/males, females have a faster decline in the volume of all volumes of the CC. We think that quantitative structural magnetic resonance data of the brain is vital in understanding human brain function and development.

Exploring the Role of Race and Gender on Perceived Bystander Ability and Intent: Findings Before and After Exposure to an Online Training Program to Prevent Sexual Assault on Campus

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 999-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicki L. Burns ◽  
Asia A. Eaton ◽  
Haiying Long ◽  
Dan Zapp
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
White Men ◽  
Bystander Intervention ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Gain Scores ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Gender

The current study explores the significance of race and gender on bystander attitudes before and after an online bystander intervention program to prevent sexual assault. A diverse sample of 750 college students participated in an online intervention and participants’ perceived bystander intervention ability and intent were assessed. The interaction of participant race and gender had a marginally significant impact on bystander ability and intent baseline scores. Furthermore, when analyzing gain scores from pre- to posttest, there was a significant race by gender interaction. Specifically, Latinx and Black men had higher preintervention scores, and White men had higher gains postintervention. Relevant cultural and social factors and directions for future research are discussed.

Visual outcome of rigid gas permeable wearer in comparison to spectacle use at dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Khairiah Nevrianty ◽  
Rinda Wati
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Analytic Study ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Right ◽  
Better Than

Introduction. Rigid Gas Permeable (RGP) can correct visual acuity of anisometropia, myopia and astigmatism better than spectacles. Objective. To evaluate the visual outcome and frequencies of patient with myopia and astigmatism who wear RGP at refraction and contact lens subdivision department of ophthalmology M Djamil Hospital in Padang Methods. A cross analytic study based on medical record of 74 patients of myopia and astigmatism who wear RGP between January 2013 – December 2016. We analized the percentage of sex, age, diagnose, visual acuity before and after using spectacles, visual outcome after using RGP compare with spectacles. Result. RGP wearer founded in our study about 57 (77,0%) were female and 17 (23,0%) were male. The youngest patient is 11 years old and the oldest is 52 years old with the most common age between 16-25 (64,9%) yo. Most of respondent in this study was myopia astigmatism, with the visual acuty <3/60 on both of their eyes, and most of respondent using the correction >-6.00 Diopter in both RGP and spectacles. Visual outcome right after using RGP shows improvement better than spectacles, there was 8 respondents shows improvement visual acuity, with the spectacles 20/70-3/60, but with RGP became 20/20-20/60 in the right eye, and 6 responden with the spectacles 20/70-3/60, and with RGP became 20/20-20/60 in the left eye, and from statistical analytic is significant differences(p<0.05). Conclusion. Patient using RGP shows improvement in visual outcome better than using spectacles.

scholarly journals The Economic Consequences of Labor Mobility

ILR Review ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Ruhm
Keyword(s):  
Great Variability ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
First Year ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Job Change ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups

Unlike most previous research on the relative changes in earnings of job stayers and job changers, this study examines the variance in earnings changes rather than simply average changes, men and women rather than only men, and the five-year period following job change rather than only the first year or two. The author finds great variability in earnings changes both within and across race and gender groups. Notably, men gained more from quits and, except in the case of low-wage workers, lost less from layoffs than women. Also, men suffered a much smaller penalty than women for repeated job changes. For all groups, the percentage difference between earnings before and after leaving a job generally persisted for several years.

Anomalies: Saving, Fungibility, and Mental Accounts

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H Thaler
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Life Cycle Model ◽  
Cycle Model ◽  
Life Cycle Theory ◽  
The Right ◽  
Football Betting ◽  
Better Than

Last New Year's day, after a long evening of rooting the right team to victory in the Orange Bowl, I was lucky enough to win $300 in a college football betting pool. I then turned to the important matter of splurging the proceeds wisely. Would a case of champagne be better than dinner and a play in New York? At this point my son Greg came in and congratulated me. He said, “Gee Dad, you should be pretty happy. With that win you can increase your lifetime consumption by $20 a year!” Greg, it seems, had studied the life-cycle theory of savings. The theory is simple, elegant, and rational—qualities valued by economists. Unfortunately, as Courant, Gramlich, and Laitner observe “for all its elegance and rationality, the life-cycle model has not tested out very well.” In this column, however, I focus on an assumption of the life-cycle model that has not received very much attention, but which, if modified, can allow the theory to explain many of the savings anomalies that have been observed. The key assumption is fungibility. This column will review a small portion of the empirical savings literature, with the objective of showing how violations of fungibility, and more generally the role of self-control, strongly influences saving behavior.

Finding the Right Problems: Some HREM Applications to Interfaces

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 376-379
Author(s):  
D. Cherns
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Boundary Structure ◽  
Atomic Structures ◽  
Grain Boundary Structure ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
The Right ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Better Than

The use of high resolution electron microscopy (HREM) to determine the atomic structure of grain boundaries and interfaces is a topic of great current interest. Grain boundary structure has been considered for many years as central to an understanding of the mechanical and transport properties of materials. Some more recent attention has focussed on the atomic structures of metalsemiconductor interfaces which are believed to control electrical properties of contacts. The atomic structures of interfaces in semiconductor or metal multilayers is an area of growing interest for understanding the unusual electrical or mechanical properties which these new materials possess. However, although the point-to-point resolutions of currently available HREMs, ∼2-3Å, appear sufficient to solve many of these problems, few atomic models of grain boundaries and interfaces have been derived. Moreover, with a new generation of 300-400kV instruments promising resolutions in the 1.6-2.0 Å range, and resolutions better than 1.5Å expected from specialist instruments, it is an appropriate time to consider the usefulness of HREM for interface studies.

Projected future risk of leukemia and brain tumors from unnecessary brain CT scans: a multi-center study in Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Asgari ◽  
A.A. Parach ◽  
F. Bouzarjomehri ◽  
F. Shirani-Takabi ◽  
A.H. Mehrparvar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Brain Ct ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Multi Center Study ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Probability Of Cancer

Introduction: Computer Tomography (CT) scans can deliver a relatively high radiation dose to the patient, therefore radiation protection for this modality is paramount. The present study determined the frequency of no abnormality detected (NAD) brain CT scans and probability of cancer induction in different age groups and genders. Methods: In this study, brain CT reports were used to identify any findings as abnormality detected (AD) and others as NAD. Then probability of future leukemia and brain cancer was estimated for different age and gender groups. Results: On average, in 65% of the cases the results were NAD (56% and 76% among males and females, respectively). Among children, 79% of the reports were NAD. The total number of projected brain cancers was 1.8 and 1.3 for males and females, respectively. The number of projected leukemia cases was 0.75 and 0.7 for males and females, respectively. For pediatric patients, brain CT scans can lead to leukemia cases about 4.5 times more often than adults. Conclusion: Brain CT scans can lead to additional cases of brain cancer and leukemia. A significant fraction of brain CTs were NAD (non-pathologic) and could practically be replaced by other radiation-free imaging modalities, especially in pediatric and young patients.

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