scholarly journals Subjective Poverty and Material Deprivation in Three Post-Soviet Countries

2020 ◽  
pp. 1746-1759
Author(s):  
Elena E. Grishina ◽  
Elena A. Tsatsura
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Financial Aid ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Material Deprivation ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Population Surveys ◽  
Social Instability ◽  
Subjective Poverty ◽  
Source Data

This article provides an overview of different aspects of poverty in three Post-Soviet countries: Russia, Armenia and Georgia. It looks into the material situation of households and subjective and deprivation poverty. Source data are the findings of three population surveys, conducted in the considered countries in 2017. The analysis shows a significant level of material deprivation among the population in the studied countries. The most vulnerable categories are rural population, 65+, and families with three or more children. Households in Armenia and Georgia are more dependent on farming and financial aid from their relatives than Russian households. Although the level of material deprivation in Russia is significantly lower compared with Armenia and Georgia, the level of relative subjective poverty in Russia is notably higher. It is likely due to higher inequality, which may point at risks of social instability. This indicates the need for new government policies in Russia that would focus on social development and reduction of inequality and social exclusion

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Government Policies in Controlling COVID-19 in India

2020 ◽  
pp. 002073142098374
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Pandey ◽  
Nitin Kishore Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Population Number

The purpose of this study is to find the demographic factors associated with the spread of COVID-19 and to suggest a measure for identifying the effectiveness of government policies in controlling COVID-19. The study hypothesizes that the cumulative number of confirmed COVID-19 patients depends on the urban population, rural population, number of persons older than 50, population density, and poverty rate. A log-linear model is used to test the stated hypothesis, with the cumulative number of confirmed COVID-19 patients up to period [Formula: see text] as a dependent variable and demographic factors as an independent variable. The policy effectiveness indicator is calculated by taking the difference of the COVID rank of the [Formula: see text]th state based on the predicted model and the actual COVID rank of the [Formula: see text]th state[Formula: see text]Our study finds that the urban population significantly impacts the spread of COVID-19. On the other hand, demographic factors such as rural population, density, and age structure do not impact the spread of COVID-19 significantly. Thus, people residing in urban areas face a significant threat of COVID-19 as compared to people in rural areas.

Socio-engineering arrangement of the village — the basis of rural development

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-21
Author(s):  
Kh. B. Dusaev ◽  
A. Kh. Dusaeva
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
Dynamic Development ◽  
The Village ◽  
Monetary Income

The article analyzes the number, employment and dynamics of monetary income of the population of the Orenburg region for a long-term period. The production of social and engineering arrangement of rural territories of the region for a number of years is analyzed in detail. Negative destructive changes and trends in employment and social development of rural areas are revealed. The directions of improvement and dynamic development of agricultural production, rural areas, and employment of the rural population are proposed.

scholarly journals DISIPLIN SUBSIDI PERIKANAN DALAM SISTEM PERDAGANGAN GLOBAL DAN IMPLIKASINYA BAGI PERIKANAN INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dyan F. D. Sitanggang
Keyword(s):  
Financial Aid ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Fish Stock ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
The World ◽  
Marine Fishing ◽  
Fishing Practices

Government policies providing financial aid to small and medium scale business enterprises are found everywhere around the globe, including those that is managed by Indonesia, and is allowed under the world trade arrangement managed by the WTO. An important part of this policy is subsidies made available to fishing businesses. Be that as it may, overfishing and the resulting fish stock crisis globally has made the practice of subsidizing marine fishing enterprises suspect in light of marine environment protection. This article discusses the issues of fishing subsidies as practiced in Indonesia in view of the current regime of economic law and the need to develop a sustainable fishing practices.

scholarly journals Barriers in Education of Children from Socially Disadvantaged Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
D. Bachyncova Giertliova
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Early Care ◽  
Disadvantaged Children ◽  
Socially Disadvantaged ◽  
Socially Disadvantaged Children ◽  
Families With Children

The paper discusses and summarizes the knowledge in the field of education of socially disadvantaged children with an em- phasis on the Roma ethnic group in Slovakia. It focuses on the issue of pre-primary education of these children and points to the specifics that have a negative impact on the adaptation to the school educational process. The paper addresses the risk aspects of poverty, social exclusion, child development and the need for early intervention for families with children. Further- more, in the article we focus on the support of children at the community level and on possible forms of aid that can help to achieve a more favorable development of the overall Roma family within specific projects. We also deal with early care, which is very important for the bio-psycho-social development of children and youth.

The Impact of Social Transfers on Income Poverty and Material Deprivation

2018 ◽  
pp. 85-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geranda Notten ◽  
Anne-Catherine Guio
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Material Deprivation ◽  
Income Poverty ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Social Transfers ◽  
The Impact

In 2010, the European Union (EU) committed to lifting at least 20 million people out of poverty and social exclusion, using income poverty, severe material deprivation, and (quasi-)joblessness as metrics to measure progress on this goal. As part of a broader set of commonly agreed indicators, the EU also (crudely) measures the impact of transfers by comparing income poverty rates before and after social transfers. This chapter develops a regression approach to study the effects of transfers on material deprivation by predicting the material deprivation rate before social transfers. We apply the method to pre-recession and post-austerity EU-SILC data for Germany, Greece, Poland, and the United Kingdom. We find that, in addition to reducing income poverty, transfers substantially reduce the extent and depth of material deprivation. Changes in social transfers, therefore, have a twofold effect on Europe’s poverty-reduction target.

scholarly journals Social factors influencing the differences between developed and less developed regions

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 513-517
Author(s):  
V. Majerová
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Negative Factors

The aim of the rural development programs is the stabilisation of rural population and forming the perspectives for increasing the quality of life for all social groups in the communities as well as in the region. Less developed areas suffer for a long term from the cumulated negative factors of economic and social development. Their detailed identification which is theoretically considered in this paper can help to improve the particular measures towards the removal of the most urgent problems.

FUNDS AND PROGRAMS FOR SUPPORTING EDUCATION IN RURAL AREAS IN POLAND

2017 ◽  
Vol XIX (5) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Jolanta Kondratowicz-Pozorska
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
National Institutions ◽  
The World ◽  
Eu Policies ◽  
Education And Development ◽  
The Eu

The aim of this paper is to present the different forms of support and the accompanying them sources of funding which were allocated for the education and development of the rural population between 2002 and 2016 and define the effects of these activities. A number of the EU policies, programs (including national ones), offers of various foundations for the rural population have been reviewed. Scientific literature, empirical materials and description of the EU and national institutions have been studied, as well as programs supporting the economic and social development of rural areas in Poland. The data required to write the article come from research institutions such as IRWiR, IERiGŻ and available GUS’s and The World Bank’s publications.

Social economic inequalities and mental health. I. Concepts, theories and interpretations

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Bonizzato ◽  
Juan Eduardo Tello
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Material Deprivation ◽  
Occupational Class ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
The Social ◽  
The University

SummaryAims – Reconstructing the models used for approaching the inequalities issues in health, idenfiying the most relevant theoretical and conceptual contributions. Method – Literature electronic-search on Medline, Psyclit, Econlit, Social Science Index and SocioSearch using the key-words inequalities, deprivation, poverty, socio-economic status, social class, occupational class, mental health for the period 1965-2002; integrated with manual search. The material was classified according to the conceptual and theoretical interpretative models or to the analyses of the association 'inequalities-health' where health was expressed as mortality, morbidity or services utilisation. Results – Four different interpretative models about the genesis of inequalities were identified. Further theoretical developments overcome the distinction among conceptuals contrapositions selection versus causation, statistic artefactual versus real differences, individual behaviours versus material context. Since the 80's the concept of material deprivation has been enlarged to include social deprivation to explain health inequalities. The social exclusion is related to material deprivation and to social fragility enlarging the traditional aspects of poverty. The theories that better adapt to the psychiatric field are the social selection and social causation. Conclusions – The social exclusion and the new methodologies for measuring the inequalities seems to be an effective way for understanding of the inexplored aspects of the mental health inequalities.Declaration of Interest: This work was partly funded by the Department of the Public Health Sciences “G. Sanarelli” of the University of Rome “La Sapienza” and the Department of Medicine and Public Health of the University of Verona.

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