Stock status, environmental factors and reproduction efficiency of the anchovy sprat population (Clupeonella Engrauliformis Borodin) in modern conditions

Until the end of the XX century, anchovy sprat was the leading object of marine fishing in the Caspian Sea. At the beginning of the XXI century, there was a mass death of this species, as well as an outbreak of the number of mnemiopsis comb - a powerful consumer of feed zooplankton. There was a redistribution of keel clusters in the sea. The main part of the fishing stock of keels began to be distributed in the Middle Caspian Sea. The main object of marine fishing has become an ordinary sprat. In recent years (2015-2020), there has been an increase in the number of anchovy sprats. The materials of keel surveys also confirm the annual growth in the number of juvenile sprats. This paper presents the results of recent years of observations, shows the dynamics of the number and biomass of the population, the parent part of the herd, total fertility. The efficiency of spawning and the survival coefficients of the generation in early ontogenesis are shown. Environmental factors that have a direct impact on the formation of the anchovy sprat stock are described.

PENDAMPINGAN PEMBERDAYAAN HASIL LAUT KEPADA ISTRI NELAYAN PANTAI SINE DESA KALIBATUR, KECAMATAN KALIDAWIR, KABUPATEN TULUNGAGUNG

The seawater fishery in Dusun Sine has the higher potentials, due to its location near the coastal area of Sine Beach. In general, the people in Dusun Sine make a living as sea fishermen. However, the income of the marine fishing community has not maximized because the community still uses the conventional marine product processing production system, so that the marketing of processed marine fish products is also limited. As an effort to increase the selling value of processed marine fish, the International Community Service Group empowers fishermen's wives in Sine Hamlet by conducting several activity programs in the form of socializing the manufacture of modern marine processed products in the form of Sine Foodies, home industry food (PIRT), and the use of e-commerce. This activity was held to use a health protocol and through a presentation method on product marketing licensing in the form of PIRT socialization and marketing of processed marine fish products with e-commerce as well as demonstrations on the process of making processed marine fish products in the form of shredded fish and fish balls using attractive packaging. Participants in the socialization were fishermen's wives, village cadres, and prospective entrepreneurs from Kalibatur Village.Keywords: Assistance, processed marine fish products, Processing, Licensing management, MarketingAbstrakSektor perikanan air laut yang ada di Dusun Sine, Desa Kalibatur, Kecamatan Kalidawir, Kabupaten Tulungagung, memiliki potensi yang sangat tinggi. Hal ini disebabkan letaknya yang berada di dekat wilayah pesisir Pantai Sine. Secara umum, masyarakat di Dusun Sine bermata pencaharian sebagai nelayan laut. Namun, pendapatan masyarakat nelayan laut belum maksimal karena masyarakat masih menggunakan sistem produksi pengolahan hasil laut secara konvensional, sehingga pemasaran produk hasil olahan ikan laut juga terbatas dengan seadanya. Sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan nilai jual hasil olahan ikan laut, Tim Pengabdian masyarakat Departemen Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Airlangga dengan didukung penuh oleh Kelompok mahasiswa KKN Internasional, FST, UNAIR melakukan upaya pemberdayaan para istri nelayan di Dusun Sine dengan melakukan beberapa program kegiatan berupa sosialisasi pembuatan hasil olahan laut secara modern berupa Sine Foodies, pangan industri rumah tangga (PIRT), serta penggunaan e-commerce. Kegiatan ini diselenggarakan menggunakan protokol kesehatan dan melalui metode presentasi mengenai perijinan pemasaran produk berupa sosialisasi PIRT dan pemasaran produk hasil olahan ikan laut dengan e-commerceserta demonstrasi mengenai proses pembuatan produk hasil olahan ikan laut yang berupa abon ikan dan bakso ikan dengan menggunakan kemasan yang menarik. Peserta sosialisasi adalah para istri nelayan, kader desa, dan calon pengusaha yang berasal dari Dusun Sine, Desa Kalibatur. Kata Kunci: Pendampingan, Produksi makanan olahan hasil laut, Pengurusan perijinan, Pemasaran

Research on Whipping and Jetting Combined Swimming Behavior of Solen strictus Gould

Solen strictus Gould are mainly cave dwellers, using their axe feet to dig caves. The Solen strictus Gould also exhibit escape-swimming behavior when food, environment, and so on changes. In this paper, Solen strictus Gould were captured on a high-speed camera as they escaped, and it was found that the Solen strictus Gould whipped while the water spout between the axe foot and the mantle sprayed water outwards. The combined propulsion of these two methods allows the Solen strictus Gould to advance rapidly in a short time. It is calculated that the swimming speed of razor clams is positively correlated with their size and that the adult Solen strictus Gould can travel up to 12 times their body length per second. This study enriches the data on the behavioral characteristics of Solen strictus Gould and is of interest regarding Solen strictus Gould in artificial farming, marine fishing, offshore ecological restoration, and underwater bionic robot development.

Indigenous Knowledge and Engaging Marine Fishing Practices in North Coastal Andhra Pradesh

ABSTRACT Fishing is one of the fulltime activity for fishermen which provides livelihood for them. The occupation of fishing has been executed by the engaging indigenous knowledge to thrive their livelihoods. In fact, the earlier studies related to fishing communities are explored through the ethnographic accounts to understand society and culture. The fishing communities are having lower literacy and economic development in the studied area but having wider range of knowledge over the marine ecology and fishing methods is an interesting aspect. This paper provided how the fishing communities are employed different type of fishing nets, boats for fishing expeditions by engaging indigenous knowledge. And, it is also provided the engagement of fishermen’s knowledge to identify different school fish by locating fishing grounds in the sea.

AIS and VBD Data Fusion for Marine Fishing Intensity Mapping and Analysis in the Northern Part of the South China Sea

For the sustainable development of marine fishery resources, it is essential to comprehensively, accurately, and objectively obtain the spatial characteristics and evolution law of fishing intensity. However, previous studies have focused more on the use of single data sources, such as AIS (Automatic Information System) and VBD (VIIRS boat detection), to obtain fishing intensity information and, as such, have encountered some problems, such as insufficient comprehensive data coverage for ships, non-uniform spatial distribution of data signal acquisition, and insufficient accuracy in obtaining fishing intensity information. The development of big data and remote sensing Earth observation technology has provided abundant data sources and technical support for the acquisition of fishing intensity data for marine fisheries. Based on this situation, this paper proposes a framework that integrates the data of fishing vessels from two sources (AIS, with high space-time granularity, and VBD, with short revisit cycle and high sensitivity), in order to obtain such information based on closely matching and fusing the vector point data of ship positions. With the help of this framework and the strategy of indirectly representing fishing intensity by data point density after fusion, the spatial characteristics and rules of fishing intensity in typical seasons (February, April, September, and November) in the northern South China Sea in 2018 were systematically analyzed and investigated. The results revealed the following: (1) Matching and fusing AIS and VBD data can provide a better perspective to produce robust and accurate marine fishery intensity data. The two types of data have a low proximity match rate (approximately 1.89% and 6.73% of their respective inputs) and the matching success for fishing vessels in the data was 49.42%. (2) Single AIS data can be used for nearshore (50 to 70 km) marine fishery analysis research, while VBD data reflect the objective marine fishing in space, showing obvious complementarity with AIS. (3) The fishing intensity grid data obtained from the integrated data show that high-intensity fishing in the study area was concentrated in the coastal area of Maoming City, Guangdong (0–50 km); the coastal area of Guangxi Beihai (10–70 km); around Hainan Island in Zhangzhou (10–30 km); and the Sanya nearshore area (0–50 km). However, it did not decay with increasing offshore distance, such as at the Trans-Vietnamese boundary in the Beibu Gulf, near the China–Vietnam Common Fisheries Area (50 km) and high-intensity fishing areas. (4) The obtained fishing intensity data (AIS, VBD, and AIS + VBD) were quantitatively analyzed, showing that the CV (Coefficient of Variation) of the average for each month (after fusing the two types of data) was 0.995, indicating that the distribution of the combined data was better than that before fusion (before fusion: AIS = 0.879, VBD = 1.642). Therefore, the integration of AIS and VBD can meet the need for a more effective, comprehensive, and accurate fishing intensity analysis in marine fishery resources.

A Comparative Social Study among Artisanal Subsistence Marine Fishers of Sundarbans, Paradeep and Chennai

This paper does a comparative study of the socio-economic condition of the artisanal subsistence marine fishers of the three locations of India namely Sundarbans, Chennai and Paradeep. The small-scale artisanal marine fishers of Chandrapur, Gobindapur, Kalinagar, Ganeshpur villages of Kakdwip Subdivision, Sundarbans along with that of Badakalikhada, Bijaychandrapur, Light House and Kharinali, of Paradeep and Nochi Nagar, Light House, Foreshore Estate, Mandaveli, Mylapore of Chennai were asked the standardised questions. Sundarbans, Paradeep and Chennai have three distinct socio-economic conditions prevailing due to the privatisation of the fishery industry and the distinct difference in income.The purpose of this study is to find the socio-economic condition of the artisanal marine fishers of the Sundarbans, Paradeep and Chennai. A descriptive rapid sampling method has been followed, where the fishers have been questioned about their respective socio-economic status. The paper studies the income difference and the effect of the usages of motorised boats in two three-year slots 2015-2018 and 2018-2020 affluence due to more exposure to the technical changes. The study found that the Chennai fishers were more adept to take the advantage of the new technologies of marine fishing thus far more economical stable, the Paradeep fishers were second in economic stability due to their comparative adaptability. The Sundarbans fishers were least adept with the technological changes in marine fishing, consequently they are least affluent.

Determinants of Cellphone Usage among Sea Fisher’s During Marine Fishing in Selected Coastal Villages of Bangladesh

The cell phone can provide numerous benefits to sea fishers who risk their lives and resources for making livelihoods. This article is based on the firm assumption that the use of the cell phone during marine fishing can contribute to income, security and risk reduction. This study adds to the empirical evidence of determinants of cell phone use by fishers during marine fishing. For the purpose of reaching objectives, the study has drawn quantitative data generated through structured face-to-face interviews with 200 randomly selected fishers from three selected villages adjacent to the Bay of Bengal in the mid coastal area of Bangladesh during the period January to February 2016. Descriptive statistics, inferential statistics and binary logistic regression model is used to analyze the data. The study concludes that fishers own cell phone (odds ratio[OR]=6.56, 95 per cent confidence interval [CI]: 1.69,25.44), enjoying the availability of cell phone network (OR=166.20, 95 per cent CI:38.35, 720.28), earned low (OR=20.35, 95 per cent CI:4.24, 97.28) to medium income (OR=9.53, 95 per cent CI:0.99, 91.12) form sea fishing have a greater tendency to use cell phones, while fishers had low information need (OR=0.11, 95 per cent CI:0.01, 1.13) represented lower use of cell phone during marine fishing. Thus, it is essential to build cell phone infrastructure bases in the potential fishing zones of Bangladesh and supplying cell phone devices at subsidised cost.

Anthropogeomorphology of marine fisheries in India: understanding the critical roles of Marine Fishery Advisories towards achieving SDG 14

<p>The livelihoods of more than 30 per cent of the total population in India residing in nine maritime states and four Union Territories are dependent on the diverse ecosystem services offered by coastal and marine systems. Marine fisheries contribute significantly to the Indian economy through the foreign exchange from the export of seafood which corresponds to nearly 5 per cent of the overall export and 20 per cent of the agro-export. In recent times, the anthropogenic pressures due to extensive marine fishing introduce challenges in the marine environment. Marine anthropogeomorphology, capable of transforming the natural settings of the continental shelf dominantly, is often not studied in detail from the perspective of sustainable fishing. For example, the use of the assorted fishing gears can damage the sea floor, apart from the capture of juvenile and non-target fishes. Bottom trawling by mechanised crafts as a part of marine fishing affects the geomorphology of the continental shelf and continental slope by displacing boulders, interrupting the structure of the sediment column, resuspending sediments, and imprinting deep holes on the muddy sea bottom. Occasionally, the abandoned fishing nets/gears on the seafloor are also responsible for the geomorphological damages to the bottom of the sea and death of several marine benthic flora and fauna, a phenomenon referred to as ‘ghost fishing’. Further, Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing in the ocean also poses major threats for the marine environment. Thus, it is essential to quantify these impacts of anthropogeomorphology in order to achieve the targets of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 14, promulgated by the United Nations Organisation. Marine Fishery Advisories, especially, Potential Fishing Zones (PFZ) advisories may be helpful in reducing the impacts by aiding sustainable harvesting of pelagic fishes under the current scenario. The ESSO-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) is the nodal agency, which disseminates PFZ advisory since 1999 using remotely sensed datasets of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a to reduce the uncertainty during marine fishing. PFZ advisory can help to promote environment-friendly fishing by reducing the search time and hence, ensuring minimal damage to the marine environment.</p>