scholarly journals Is Mediation a Process of ‘Law’? A Hart-Ian Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2021) ◽  
pp. 18-34
Author(s):  
Zhi Wong Jing
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Legal Process ◽  
The World ◽  
Form Part ◽  
The Law ◽  
Law And Justice

Mediation, as a form of dispute resolution, is widely practiced. Nations across the world recognize it as an increasingly appropriate form of dispute resolution. But the existential question remains. Can we rightly ascribe the word ‘law’ to the processes of mediation? This article makes one qualified proposition. Mediation is an extra-legal process, unless it is used to realize the law (and justice). This is for two reasons. First, mediation’s processes and mediated outcomes do not in themselves cause judges’ obeisance and adherence. Mediated settlements must rely on the law of contract for its validity and efficacy. Second, even if mediation is legislated to form part of our law, it is extra-legal. It does not comport with the minimum content of natural law in that it does not guarantee the realization of the law and access to justice. If we are to regard mediation as law, mediation must be used to realize the law and guarantee access to justice.

Իրավունքի և օրենքի կոլիզիաները իրավունքի փիլիսոփայությունում

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-85
Author(s):  
Artur Ghambaryan
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Legislative Policy ◽  
The Law ◽  
Law And Justice ◽  
The One ◽  
Legal Understanding

The aim of the article is to reveal the collisional relationship between justice and the law in the philosophical dimension. The main objectives of the article are to analyze the contradictions between law from the point of view of broad legal understanding, as well as the answer to the question of how law enforcement agent should act if, in solving a specific case, an outrageous contradiction between law and justice is encountered. The author used a number of scientific methods, in particular, historical-legal-comparative methods. The author concludes that supporters of a broad legal understanding consider the issue of contradiction between law mainly from the point of view of legislative policy, however, they do not discuss the issue of how the law enforcement agent should act when an obvious contradiction between law is encountered in a particular case. In the article the sayings «dura lex sed lex» (The law [is] harsh, but [it is] the law) and «lex iniusta non est lex» (An unjust law is no law at all) are considered in the dimensions of the legalism and natural law. The author concludes that the Radbruch formula is an exception to the saying «dura lex sed lex» (The law [is] harsh, but [it is] the law), which has undergone practical approbation. On the one hand, this resolution values the certainty and stability of the law, and on the other hand, it protects the person (society) from the unjustly shouting unjust laws.

YOU EXIST BECAUSE MAAT EXISTS; MAAT EXISTS BECAUSE YOU EXIST

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (XVIII) ◽  
pp. 151-169
Author(s):  
Dariusz Rozmus
Keyword(s):  
Natural Law ◽  
Moral Order ◽  
Complex Concept ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Cosmic Order ◽  
Holistic Concept ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Law ◽  
Human Thinking ◽  
Law And Justice

In the course of a few thousands of years of their history, the ancient Egyptians developed a very complex concept of cosmic order represented by the notion of maat and personified by the goddess Maat. It involved many of the cardinal laws described by subse¬quent philosophers, such as the Truth, the Law and Justice. One may claim that the principle of cosmic balance which involved both the forces of nature (physics) and the moral order is the earliest example of the activity of an all-embracing principle of natural law (You exist because Maat exists. Maat exists because you exist). The principle of maat which is ensured by the king operates permanently (for Maat embraces you day and night). A righteous man may rely on its protection both during his lifetime as well as during the judgment of the dead. The rules of the material law (referred to with the word hp, hepu), which were merely at the stage of development in Egypt, operate according to the law of Maat. Unfortunately, this refined holistic concept of natural law is underexplored and it was rarely referred to in the considerations about the beginnings of human thinking

Breakdown of the Teleological View of Life?

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter Vos
Keyword(s):  
Virtue Ethics ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
The Self ◽  
The World ◽  
The Law ◽  
Ethical View

In response to Alasdair MacIntyre’s and Brad Gregory’s claim—that the Reformation’s concept of morality in terms of obedience to divine commandments has been a major factor in a catastrophic breakdown in modernity of the teleological view of life and the virtues—this essay aims both to correct this criticism and to reread Calvin from the perspective of virtue ethics. Calvin’s utterances about the nature of the law, virtue, the self before God, one’s calling in the world, natural law and reason appear to be much more in alliance with a teleological, virtue ethical view than MacIntyre suggests. This opens up the possibility of a fruitful interplay between a Reformed account of law and Christian virtue ethics.

scholarly journals Menilik Akseptabilitas Perkawinan Sesama Jenis di dalam Konstitusi Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 620
Author(s):  
Timbo Mangaranap Sirait
Keyword(s):  
Natural Law ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Same Sex Marriage ◽  
The World ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender ◽  
The Law ◽  
Life Phenomena ◽  
Different Parts

Diskursus hubungan antara hukum dengan “moral” dan “fakta” selalu saja menarik untuk dibahas di kalangan sarjana hukum. Hukum kodrat irrasional adalah teori hukum besar yang pertama yang cara pandangnya theocentris mengakui bahwa hukum bersumber dari “moralitas” Tuhan YME. Derivasi nilai moral universal ternyata semakin bermetamorfosa dalam berbagai fenomena kehidupan kemudian dituntut agar diperlakukan setara di hadapan hukum. Di berbagai belahan dunia, Gerakan LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Biseksual, dan Transgender) dengan perjuangan perkawinan sesama jenis berkembang semakin luas dan telah memfalsifikasi dominasi perkawinan kodrati heteroseksual. Untuk itu, perlu ditilik secara reflektif filosofis akseptabilitas Konstitusi Indonesia atas perkawinan sesama jenis ini. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif melalui cara berpikir deduktif dengan kriterium kebenaran koheren. Sehingga disimpulkan: pertama, kritikan hukum kodrat irrasional yang teosentris terhadap perkawinan sesama jenis, menganggap bahwa sumber hukum adalah “moral” bukan “fakta”, oleh karenanya aturan perundang-undangan dipositifkan dari/dan tidak boleh bertentangan dengan moral Ketuhanan. Oleh karena itu, menurut hukum kodrat irrasional perkawinan sesama jenis tidak mungkin dapat diterima dalam hukum karena bertentangan dengan moralitas Ketuhanan Y.M.E. Kedua, bahwa Konstitusi Indonesia menempatkan Pancasila sebagai grundnorm dengan sila Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa menjadi fondasi dan bintang pemandu pada Undang-undang Perkawinan Indonesia, yang intinya perkawinan harus antara pria dan wanita (heteroseksual) dengan tujuan membentuk keluarga (rumah tangga). Perkawinan sesama jenis juga tidak dapat diterima karena ketidakmampuan bentuk perkawinan ini untuk memenuhi unsur-unsur utama perkawinan, untuk terjaminnya keberlangsungan kemanusiaan secara berkelanjutan (sustainable).The discourse of relationships between law, moral and facts are always interesting to be discussed among legal scholars. Irrational natural law is the first major legal theory that which theocentris worldview admit that the law derived from the “morality” of the God. The derivation of universal moral values appear increasingly metamorphosed into various life phenomena then are required to be treated equally before the law. In different parts of the world the movement LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender) struggle for same-sex marriage has grown falsified domination of heterosexual marriage. Therefore it is necessary be a reflective philosophical divine the acceptability of the Constitution of Indonesia on same-sex marriage. This research was conducted by the method of normative juridical approach, in the frame of a coherent deductive acknowledgement. Concluded, Firstly, criticism Irrational natural law against same-sex marriage, assume that the source of the law is a “moral” rather than “facts”, therefore the rules of law are made of / and should not contradict with the morals of God. Therefore, according to irrational natural law that same-sex marriage may not be accepted in law as contrary to morality God. Secondly, That the Constitution of Indonesia puts Pancasila as the basic norms to please Almighty God be the foundation and a guiding star in the Indonesian Marriage Law, which is essentially a marriage should be between a man and a woman (heterosexual) with purpose of forming a family. Same-sex marriage is not acceptable also because of the inability to fulfill marriage form of the major elements of marriage, ensuring the sustainability of humanity in a sustainable manner.

scholarly journals Access to Justice and Fair for the Poor: How Effective the Legal Aid Provided by Government?

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-184
Author(s):  
Dani Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Legal Assistance ◽  
Legal Aid ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Law ◽  
Law And Justice ◽  
The Government

Providing legal assistance to the poor continues by the government to realize legal access and justice for all levels of society. Several regulations regarding legal aid have been issued by the state through the law and implementing regulations, but the fact is that the provision of legal aid is not yet effective. This causes a lack of access to law and justice for the poor. The effectiveness of providing legal aid by the government needs to be assessed to see how effective the legal aid program provided by the government is to realize legal access and justice for the poor. Therefore, criticism and advice should be given to the government in order to optimize legal assistance in order to achieve legal access and justice for all levels of society.

scholarly journals PERAN KALANDRA LAW OFFICE SEBAGAI PEMBERI BANTUAN HUKUM DI KOTA SEMARANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Adhi Budi Susilo ◽  
Khifni Kafa Rufaida
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Legal Assistance ◽  
Legal Aid ◽  
The World ◽  
Tangible Evidence ◽  
The Law

<p>Lahirnya Kalandra Law Office sesuai dengan SK. Menkumham No. AHU-0051440.A.H.01.07 Tahun 2016 diharapkan dapat memberikan akses terhadap keadilan (<em>access to justice)</em> dan kebersamaan dihadapan hukum <em>(equality before the law)</em>. Bantuan hukum merupakan suatu jawaban terhadap adanya kebutuhan masyarakat atas adagium “hukum tajam kebawah, hukum tumpul kebawah” ini didukung dengan lahirnya Undang-Undang  No.16 Tahun 2016 tentang Bantuan Hukum. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui peran <em>Kalandra Law Office</em> dalam memberikan bantuan hukum di kota semarang serta hambatan-hambatan yang mempengaruhi dalam peranannya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah normatif-empiris yang mengkaji peraturan tertulis Undang-Undang No. 16 Tahun 2011 Tentang bantuan hukum dalam <em>access to justice.</em> Kalandra <em>Law Office </em>diharapakan menjadi asa baru ditengah keputusasaan masyarakat awan dalam memperjuangkan hak-haknya dimata hukum. Oleh karena itulah Kalandra <em>Law Office</em> memiliki andil yang besar dalam <em>access to justice.</em> Sehingga dapat menumbuhkan harapan baru di dalam dunia peradilan tetapi juga menjadi bukti nyata akan keadilan yang sama bagi siapapun dimuka hukum</p><p>The birth of Kalandra Law Office in accordance with SK. Menkumham No. AHU-0051440.A.H.01.07 Year 2016 is expected to provide access to justice and equality before the law. Legal assistance is an answer to the community's need for adage "sharp law down, blunt law down" this is supported by the birth of Law No. 16 of 2016 concerning Legal Aid. This study intends to find out the role of Kalandra Law Office in providing legal assistance in Semarang city and the obstacles that affect its role. The method used in this research is normative-empirical study of written regulations of Law No. 16 of 2011 concerning legal assistance in access to justice. Kalandra Law Office is expected to become a new hope amid the desperation of the cloud community in fighting for their rights in the eyes of the law. That's why Kalandra Law Office has a big contribution in access to justice. So that it can foster new hope in the world of justice but also be tangible evidence of equal justice for anyone before the law.</p>

Customary Oathing and the Legal Process in Kenya

1970 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip P. Durand
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Legal Process ◽  
Nineteen Fifties ◽  
Public Mind ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mau Mau ◽  
The World ◽  
The Law

The customary oath is woven into the fabric of African traditional life. Owing, however, to the world-wide publicity which was generated by the Mau Mau emergency in the nineteen-fifties, and the more recent publicity following allegations of oathing after the assassination of the late T. J. Mboya in Nairobi in July, 1969, oathing and Kenya have become closely associated in the public mind. The present state of the law with regard to oaths and oathing in Kenya is not entirely satisfactory, and in certain instances it must be stated that the law appears to be honoured more in the breach than in the observance.

scholarly journals ARCHITECTURE, RITUALS, AND NORMS IN CIVIL PROCEDURE

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabien Gélinas ◽  
Clément Camion ◽  
Karine Bates ◽  
Emily Grant
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Civil Justice ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Policy Work ◽  
The Law ◽  
Research And Policy

In this article, the authors identify two important gaps in the literature on civil justice reform, both of which relate to the concept of stability in the law as an added value of public adjudication. The article aims to suggest avenues for future research on civil justice reform, especially in light of increasing recourse to private modes of dispute resolution. First, the article draws attention to the role played by judicial rituals and architecture in court-based, public adjudication, as a means of generating stability in the law and enhancing the legitimacy of dispute resolution. Second, from a more theoretical perspective, the article brings out the added value of formulating and formalizing legal norms through a public adjudicative process. Stability in the law encourages human agency and dignity by permitting individuals to form expectations and make decisions about their lives, acting in reliance on the law and the values that the law promotes. The value of stability must be taken into account in future research and policy work on civil justice reform, particularly as private justice, which lacks many of the characteristics that encourage stability in public adjudication, is increasingly explored as a potential solution to problems of access to justice. Dans cet article, les auteurs analysent deux lacunes importantes qu’ils ont relevées dans la littérature concernant la réforme de la justice civile et qui gravitent autour du concept de la stabilité du droit en tant qu’avantage découlant du processus public de règlement des différends. Les auteurs proposent des sujets à explorer lors de futures recherches sur la réforme de la justice civile, eu égard, notamment, au recours croissant aux modes privés de règlement des différends. Dans un premier temps, ils soulignent que les rituels et l’architecture du système judiciaire public favorisent la stabilité du droit et rehaussent la légitimité du règlement des différends. Examinant ensuite la question sous un angle plus théorique, ils s’attardent aux avantages découlant de la formulation et de l’officialisation des normes juridiques dans le cadre du processus public de règlement des différends. La stabilité du droit favorise l’intervention et la dignité humaines, car elle permet aux personnes d’avoir des attentes et de prendre des décisions au sujet de leurs vies en se fondant sur les règles de droit et sur les valeurs qui les sous-tendent.  L’atout que représente la stabilité doit être pris en compte dans les futurs travaux de recherche et d’orientation sur la réforme de la justice civile, surtout à l’heure où la justice privée, qui est dépourvue de bon nombre des caractéristiques qui engendrent la stabilité dans le processus public de règlement des différends, est de plus en plus explorée comme solution possible aux problèmes d’accès à la justice.

scholarly journals Explanation of Law in the Interpretation of Postmodernism

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
V V Sorokin ◽  
M N Kutyavina
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Legal Process ◽  
Hierarchical Order ◽  
The World ◽  
The Law ◽  
Good And Evil

The article analyzes the reasons for neglecting the truth in the process of interpreting the rights and opportunities for a way out of the crisis of modern jurisprudence. The actualization of the spirit of law makes it possible to correctly prioritize conf licts of legal values. The hierarchy of values in law presupposes respect for truth. But postmodern, in fact, rejects the desire for truth, he is interested in the multiplicity of approaches as such. The authors of the article note the dangers associated with the dominance of postmodernism in the legal process. Globalism exaggerates polysemy in jurisprudence, that is, a variety of meanings and content. Such a polysemy is not justified by circumstances of an objective order. The globalizers of the world need ambiguity of law in order to maintain and aggravate the problem of interpreting (interpreting) the law, due to polysemy in any norms and principles, you can make a different meaning, for the time being without specifying it. And then act on the situation, guided by considerations of benefit. The well-known concept of hypocrisy is derived from polysemy. Jurisprudence serves the world, the main characteristics of which are decentralization, fragmentation, pluralism, eclecticism, multiplicity, uncertainty, discontinuity, volatility, etc. For the philosophy of postmodernism, the outlook does not come to the forefront, but the worldview, that is, rationality and sensuality, change places: a logically formed paradigm gives way to emotional reactions. Postmodernists, as a fighting unit of globalism, consider it impossible and useless to try to establish any hierarchical order or any system of priorities in life. If they allow the existence of a model of the world, then it is based only on entropy, on the equiprobability and equivalence of good and evil, of all constitutive elements.

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