scholarly journals Oncogenic papillomaviruses: reproductive problems in infected males

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
G. M. Volgareva
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Human Papillomaviruses ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
The Given

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) of the high-risk types cause carcinomas in cervix uteri, vulva, vagina, penis, anus, as well as in certain sites of head and neck – oral cavity, oropharynx, tonsils, larynx. HPV of types 16 and 18 are the most widespread ones. Papillomaviruses of low oncogenic risk, HPV of types 6 and 11, cause recurrent respiratory papillomatosis and anogenital warts. Preventive vaccinations against HPV are not included into the National mandatory immunization schedule in Russia; however, they are being executed in several country areas in a form of regional programs. Substantial contingents are not embraced by the procedures as yet. A family can make decision of its own whether to vaccinate the adolescent child on paid basis. To make decision in favor of vaccination complete awareness is needful on the HPV infection consequences. As far as viruses of the given group became primarily known as cervical cancer etiological agents certain risk persists of “feminization” of notions about unfavorable effects of the HPV infection thus resulting in debates on usefulness of boys’ preventive vaccination.In this connection the purpose of the review was consideration of HPV effects on male reproductive potential. Oncogenic HPVs are frequently found in healthy donors’ sperm. HPV DNA can penetrate from sperm into oocyte under experimental conditions. Seminal fluid of HPV-positive males is a storage tank of the virus as well as the source of its distribution throughout population. DNA of oncogenic HPV was detected in endosomes of seminal lymphocytes. The latter fact opposes the canonic notion of strict HPV epitheliotropy. Correlation exists between the seminal fluid HPV-positivity of a certain man and his fertility drop. Reproductologists believe failures of some married couples when using assisted reproductive technologies may result from partner’s seminal HPV positivity. The successful attempt is known of semen parameters’ normalization in men with reduced fertility after inoculation with the quadrivalent Gardasil vaccine.It seems reasonable to consider the data on unfavorable effects of HPV infection on male reproductive potential as an argument for boys’ preventive HPV vaccination. It would help not only to prevent the HPV-associated oncological diseases in men but the distribution of the given infection around the population as a whole; it would contribute to more successes in solving demographic problems.

scholarly journals Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and Fertilization: A Mini Review

Medicina ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Zacharis ◽  
Christina Messini ◽  
George Anifandis ◽  
George Koukoulis ◽  
Maria Satra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Human Fertility ◽  
The Impact

Human papilloma virus (HPV) is one of the most prevalent viral sexually transmitted diseases. The ability of HPV to induce malignancy in the anogenital tract and stomato-pharyngeal cavity is well documented. Moreover, HPV infection may also affect reproductive health and fertility. Although, the impact of HPV on female fertility has not been thoroughly studied it has been found also to have an impact on semen parameters. Relative information can be obtained from studies investigating the relationship between HPV and pregnancy success. Furthermore, there is an ongoing debate whether HPV alters the efficacy of assisted reproductive technologies. An association between HPV and assisted reproductive technologies (ART) programs has been reported. Nevertheless, due to conflicting data and the small number of existing studies further research is required. It remains to be clarified whether HPV detection and genotyping could be included in the diagnostic procedures in couples undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intrauterine insemination (IUI) treatments. Vaccination of both genders against HPV can reduce the prevalence of HPV infection and eliminate its implications on human fertility. The aim of the present mini-review is to reiterate the association between HPV and human fertility through a systematic literature review.

REPRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF WOMEN WITH PREMATURE OVARIAN INSUFFICIENCY

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Spiridenko G.Yu. ◽  
Petrov Yu.A. ◽  
Palieva N.V.
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Premature Ovarian Insufficiency ◽  
Ovarian Insufficiency

Infertility is currently a priority problem for women of reproductive age. One of the reasons for this condition may be premature ovarian insufficiency. This is a pathological process causes by primary hypogonadism that occurs in women under 40 years of age. Its prevalence varies from 1:10,000 at the age of 20 to 1:100 at an older age. The absence of specific clinical manifestations of the disease complicates its early diagnosis and timely treatment. This pathological process manifests itself as secondary oligo-or amenorrhea, infertility. Less often, before the onset of reproductive disorders, there are manifestations of estrogenic insufficiency - vasomotor disorders - hot flashes, hyperhidrosis, cephalgia, tachycardia, arterial hypertension, emotional and vegetative disorders-irritability, asthenic manifestations, anxiety, depression, hypo - thymia, decreased libido. The lack of accurate data on etiological factors makes it harder to find methods for preventing this disease. The main direction of treatment is hormone replacement therapy, aimed at eliminating the insufficiency of natural estrogens in the woman's body. The chances of successful realization of the reproductive potential depend on the value of the follicle-stimulating hormone, since its high concentration affects the mitotic activity of granulosa cells of the follicle, which confirms the validity of hormone replacement therapy. The non-occurrence of pregnancy after therapy forces the patient to use assisted reproductive technologies using donor embryos and oocytes, while the effectiveness of in vitro fertilization does not exceed 58%. To prevent this outcome, if a woman has risk factors for developing premature ovarian insufficiency, it is necessary to timely assess the ovarian reserve with the preservation of her own oocytes for subsequent assisted reproductive technologies.

scholarly journals Molecular Profiling of Spermatozoa Reveals Correlations between Morphology and Gene Expression: A Novel Biomarker Panel for Male Infertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Nino Guy Cassuto ◽  
David Piquemal ◽  
Florence Boitrelle ◽  
Lionel Larue ◽  
Nathalie Lédée ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Sperm Analysis ◽  
Biomarker Panel ◽  
Network Analyses

Choosing spermatozoa with an optimum fertilizing potential is one of the major challenges in assisted reproductive technologies (ART). This selection is mainly based on semen parameters, but the addition of molecular approaches could allow a more functional evaluation. To this aim, we used sixteen fresh sperm samples from patients undergoing ART for male infertility and classified them in the high- and poor-quality groups, on the basis of their morphology at high magnification. Then, using a DNA sequencing method, we analyzed the spermatozoa methylome to identify genes that were differentially methylated. By Gene Ontology and protein–protein interaction network analyses, we defined candidate genes mainly implicated in cell motility, calcium reabsorption, and signaling pathways as well as transmembrane transport. RT-qPCR of high- and poor-quality sperm samples allowed showing that the expression of some genes, such as AURKA, HDAC4, CFAP46, SPATA18, CACNA1C, CACNA1H, CARHSP1, CCDC60, DNAH2, and CDC88B, have different expression levels according to sperm morphology. In conclusion, the present study shows a strong correlation between morphology and gene expression in the spermatozoa and provides a biomarker panel for sperm analysis during ART and a new tool to explore male infertility.

The effect of the breeding season, cryopreservation and physiological extender on selected sperm and semen parameters of four ferret species: implications for captive breeding in the endangered black-footed ferret

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. van der Horst ◽  
R. M. Kitchin ◽  
M. van der Horst ◽  
R. W. Atherton
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Breeding Cycle ◽  
Sperm Characteristics ◽  
Motion Characteristics

In the present investigation, comparative baseline information on selected sperm characteristics of ejaculate spermatozoa of the domestic (Mustela putorius furo), fitch (Mustela sp.) and black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) and the Siberian polecat (Mustela eversmanni) are presented. The main emphasis was to establish differences and similarities among these species in relation to semen and sperm quality during the breeding season, in cryopreservation success and in supporting sperm motility in different extenders or physiological media. The results confirm that most sperm morphology abnormalities were evident during the beginning of the breeding cycle in all four species. No significant interspecies differences were apparent in the sperm attributes examined, for all sampling months during the breeding season. Moreover, all species exhibited comparable patterns of reproductive seasonality. Cryopreservation suppressed sperm characteristics equally in all species studied. Ejaculate spermatozoa of closely related ferret species shared many similar motion characteristics using computer-aided sperm motility analysis. These results suggest that the basic sperm physiology of the ferret species under examination is very similar. Disparate to the interspecies comparisons, there were significant differences for most sperm motion parameters when spermatozoa of any of the ferrets were compared in different extenders. Assisted reproductive technologies developed for use in domestic ferret, fitch ferret or Siberian polecat may be successfully applied to captive breeding of the black-footed ferret using semen during any of the functional breeding months.

scholarly journals Reproductive function in persons who have been cured of cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 533-538
Author(s):  
Tatiana F. Gavrilenko ◽  
◽  
Timur T. Valiev ◽  
Timur T. Valiev ◽  
Svetlana B. Polikarpova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Chemoradiation Therapy ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Number Of Patients

Modern cancer therapy programs allow an increasing number of patients to be cured, and therefore the quality of their subsequent life is an important task of clinical oncology. The ability to realize reproductive potential is one of the main criteria for the quality of life. Nevertheless, chemoradiation therapy used in the treatment of malignant tumors can cause temporary or permanent infertility. Currently, there are options to protect the reproductive system from chemoradiation treatment (administration of ethinylestradiol drugs, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists) or harvesting seminal fluid/oocytes, and cryopreservation of ovarian tissue. However, the low awareness of doctors about modern reproductive technologies in the treatment of persons cured from cancer leads to the fact that these methods are not used actively enough. The article presents the main chemotherapy drugs used in the treatment of malignant tumors that can cause an impairment of reproductive function; describes their pathological effects on oocytes and spermatozoa; provides methods of protecting the reproductive function in persons who take chemoradiation therapy or have completed antitumor therapy.

scholarly journals ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN KAZAKHSTAN IN 2017: SUMMARY REPORT ON EFFICIENCY AND AVAILABILITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
V.N. Lokshin ◽  
M.D. Omar ◽  
Sh.K. Karibaeva ◽  
T.M. Dzhusubalieva ◽  
S.B. Baikoshkarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Medicine ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Summary Report ◽  
The Republic

The article contains a descriptive analysis to study the characteristics and outcomes of treatment with various methods of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). The report includes data on ART cycles registered by the Kazakhstan Association for Reproductive Medicine for the period from January 1 to December 31, 2017. A total of 10,523 ART treatment cycles and 2,037 newborns were registered in 2017. The accessibility of ART treatment was 583 cycles per million population. The Instruction of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan given in the Message of September 1, 2020 is an important step to improve the reproductive potential of the country.

scholarly journals Male fertility: review of the publications of January ― March 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Rogozin
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scimago Journal Rank

The article provides an overview of the most influential papers on the topic of “male infertility”. The selection criteria were the practical significance of the article and the impact factor of the journal in which it was published, according to SCImago Journal Rank (SJR). As a result, we created the list of 10 papers published in the I quarter (January – March) of 2020. The review included articles on the following issues: the effectiveness and safety of antioxidants, zinc and folic acid in the treatment of male infertility; the effect of obesity on sperm DNA-fragmentation; the possibility of obtaining of spermatogonia in children and adolescents with Kleinfelter syndrome; comparison of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and intracytoplasmic morphologically selected spermatozoa injection (IMSI); the reaction of the female reproductive system to the seminal fluid; viral profile in seminal fluid of men receiving the antiretroviral therapy, the effect of sleep duration on fertility and the risk of diabetes mellitus in children, conceived using assisted reproductive technologies.

scholarly journals Renin Angiotensin System, COVID-19 and Male Fertility: Any Risk for Conceiving?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1492
Author(s):  
Lorella Pascolo ◽  
Gabriella Zito ◽  
Luisa Zupin ◽  
Stefania Luppi ◽  
Elena Giolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Fertility ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin

The current knowledge concerning the connection between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) system in the male reproductive apparatus is still limited, so dedicated studies are urgently required. Concerns about the male fertility consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection have started to emerge, since epidemiologic studies observed that this coronavirus affects male patients more frequently and with increased severity, possibly because of the hormone-regulated expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. A disturbance in fertility is also expected based on studies of the previous SARS-CoV infection, which targets the same ACE2 receptor when entering the host cells. In addition, bioinformatics analyses reveal the abundant expression of ACE2 receptor in the male reproductive tissues, particularly in the testis. It has been proposed that pharmacological intervention favoring the angiotensin-(1–7)/ACE2/Mas receptor pathway and increasing ACE2 expression and activity could greatly prevent inflammatory lesions in this area. Finally, in laboratories performing assisted reproductive technologies it is recommended that more attention should be paid not only to sperm quality but also to safety aspects. Data about the potential infectivity of seminal fluid are in fact conflicting and do not exclude risks for both personnel and patients. The potential infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in reproductive male tissues should be strongly considered and further investigated for the proper management of in vitro fertilization procedures.

scholarly journals Dilemmatic tensions around parenthood: the ambiguous third-party role in Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Surrogacy in France and Portugal

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Delaunay
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Reproductive Process ◽  
Gay Couples ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth

This article analyzes couples’ attitudes towards the third-party role in Assisted Reproductive Technologies with gamete donation, and problematizes parenthood and kinship. I base my analysis on 66 in-depth interviews with different ART actors (from beneficiaries to professionals) in France and Portugal, conducted as part of a research project already completed. Special focus is given to 19 interviews with heterosexual and homosexual couples who used third-party reproduction in Europe and the United States. I found a physical and moral detachment operation among heterosexual and lesbian couples vis-a-vis the donor of reproductive potential, who is depersonalized and reduced to a functionality. The objective is to preserve the intimacy of the couple and the autonomy of the parental project. This contrasts with innovative and enlarged family dynamics developed by gay couples, who integrate both female figures (surrogate and oocyte donor) in their children’s family history, through bonding efforts in a logic of reciprocity (gift and counter-gift). The purpose is to reject the negative image of a woman’s body being commodified while preserving the natural appearance of procreation. I conclude that a naturalist conception of kinship persists —one based on shared biogenetic substances that bind together one parent and the donor-conceived child— along with the centrality of biological processes such as pregnancy and childbirth. There are different ways of easing tensions inherent to the contractual intervention of third parties in the reproductive process. ART re-elaborates the line of demarcation between commodities and gifts and between living things and human beings, while reconfiguring family concepts.

Aberrant DNA Methylation of IGF2-H19 Locus in Human Fetus and in Spermatozoa From Assisted Reproductive Technologies

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 997-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hangying Lou ◽  
Fang Le ◽  
Minhao Hu ◽  
Xinyun Yang ◽  
Lejun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Small Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein ◽  
Male Patients

Given the higher risk of developing imprinting disorders in assisted reproductive technology (ART)-conceived children, we hypothesized that ART may affect DNA methylation of the insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), H19, small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide N (SNRPN) differentially methylated regions (DMRs) at the fetal stage, which in turn may be associated with sperm abnormalities. A total of 4 patient groups were recruited, namely, multifetal reduction following in vitro fertilization (IVF)/ intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI; n = 56), multifetal reduction following controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH; n = 42), male patients with normal semen parameters denoted as normozoospermia group (NZ) for IVF (n = 36), and male patients presenting with asthenozoospermia (OAZ) for ICSI (n = 38). The expression levels and the DNA methylation status of IGF2- H19 and SNRPN DMRs in the fetuses and the semen samples were evaluated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing. In our results, the expression levels of H19 were significantly higher, whereas the methylation rates were lower in IVF-conceived fetuses compared to the control group ( P < .05). Furthermore, higher methylation rates of IGF2 DMR2 and SNRPN DMR were detected both in IVF- and ICSI-conceived fetuses ( P < .05). The data further indicated that the patients who presented with the majority of the CpG sites in the H19 DMR region that were lower methylated were those in the OAZ group. The results demonstrated that the epigenetic dysregulations of IGF2-H19 and SNRPN DMRs that were caused by ART were noted in the fetuses. Moreover, the present study suggested that epigenetic perturbations of the H19 DMR might be a key biomarker for spermatogenesis defects in humans.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document