scholarly journals Reproductive function in persons who have been cured of cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 533-538
Author(s):  
Tatiana F. Gavrilenko ◽  
◽  
Timur T. Valiev ◽  
Timur T. Valiev ◽  
Svetlana B. Polikarpova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Chemoradiation Therapy ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Number Of Patients

Modern cancer therapy programs allow an increasing number of patients to be cured, and therefore the quality of their subsequent life is an important task of clinical oncology. The ability to realize reproductive potential is one of the main criteria for the quality of life. Nevertheless, chemoradiation therapy used in the treatment of malignant tumors can cause temporary or permanent infertility. Currently, there are options to protect the reproductive system from chemoradiation treatment (administration of ethinylestradiol drugs, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists) or harvesting seminal fluid/oocytes, and cryopreservation of ovarian tissue. However, the low awareness of doctors about modern reproductive technologies in the treatment of persons cured from cancer leads to the fact that these methods are not used actively enough. The article presents the main chemotherapy drugs used in the treatment of malignant tumors that can cause an impairment of reproductive function; describes their pathological effects on oocytes and spermatozoa; provides methods of protecting the reproductive function in persons who take chemoradiation therapy or have completed antitumor therapy.

scholarly journals POSSIBILITIES OF ULTRASONIC MONITORING OF ENDOMETRIUM AND OVARIES IN PATIENTS AFTER CANCELLATION OF LONG-TERM RECEPTION OF COMBINED ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES WHEN PLANNING PREGNANCY

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
Sh. N Bortsvadze ◽  
Evgeniya A. Svidinskaya ◽  
T. A Dzhibladze ◽  
I. D Khokhlova ◽  
Yan Van
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Automatic Assessment ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Ultrasound Diagnostics

The article aims to assess the possibility of ultrasound scanning and dopplerstudy in the assessment of the condition of the ovaries and endometrial in patients after long intake of COC, predicting the restoration of reproductive function after the abolition of hormonal contraception. Material and methods. In 2018-2019, 37 women were examined after the abolition of oral contraceptives, which they took for a long period of time. At the time of the examination, all the patients stopped taking COC at least 2 months ago due to the fact that they were planning a pregnancy. UW the study was conducted on the apparat Voluson E8 Expert (General Electric), improving the quality of diagnostics used Automatic assessment of follicle condition based on ultrasonic echography (Sono AVCTM follicle) and tomographic ultrasound (TUI). Results. According to the study significant changes recorded 17 patients whose menstrual cycle did not recover within the first 6 months after the cancellation of COC. In a group of 20 patients with a regular menstrual cycle, the results of the study were within normal limits, pregnancy within 6 months occurred on their own in 8 of them. Conclusion. The possibilities of 3 dimensional reconstruction and programs for evaluating the follicular apparatus significantly improve the quality of ultrasound diagnostics, give more information about the presence of small follicles, blood flow in the ovarian tissue, the structure of the cortical apparatus substances and stroma, whichis the ability of a clinician to obtain a complete understanding of the condition of the ovaries and endometrial and predicting a good health of patients. The article may be of interest to obstetricians-gynecologists, ultrasound specialists, endocrinologists, reproductive specialists.

CANCER OF THE LARYNX IN THE AMUR REGION OF FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (60) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Геращенко ◽  
Larisa Gerashchenko ◽  
Гордиенко ◽  
Viktor Gordienko ◽  
Колтыгина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Amur Region ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cancer Services ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Growth Loss ◽  
Analysis Of Dynamics ◽  
Far Eastern

The article analyzes the main indicators of morbidity and mortality from cancer of the larynx in the period from 1998 to 2014 on the territory of the Amur region of Far Eastern Federal District. In the studied period of time, the incidence of malignant tumors of the larynx substantially decreased with the growth/loss in men of “rough indicators” by -11.89%, of standardized ones by -7.75%. In women, they were +98.31 and +77.77%, respectively. Mortality in contrast to the incidence throughout the years had a negative growth (loss) in absolute terms, “rude” and standardized indicators. The age and sex features of morbidity with larynx cancer were revealed; they show that the maximum number of cancer cases is in the age group of 50 years old and older. The multistage character of the process based on its prevalence was determined. The early stages (I-II) of laryngeal cancer were registered in 13.7% of patients. The quality of cancer services activity was studied by reliability index of accounting for this category of patients, which is usually lower than in other regions of the country (-0.45). The analysis of dynamics of mortality in the first year after diagnosis shows its reduction in cancer of the larynx by 11.0% over the period of 1998-2014. The number of patients who were registered five or more years ago decreased significantly. The estimation of primary care, which is not yet fully in line with current medicine, in the provision of specialized aid to cancer patients in the region was done.

scholarly journals Oncogenic papillomaviruses: reproductive problems in infected males

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
G. M. Volgareva
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Human Papillomaviruses ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
The Given

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) of the high-risk types cause carcinomas in cervix uteri, vulva, vagina, penis, anus, as well as in certain sites of head and neck – oral cavity, oropharynx, tonsils, larynx. HPV of types 16 and 18 are the most widespread ones. Papillomaviruses of low oncogenic risk, HPV of types 6 and 11, cause recurrent respiratory papillomatosis and anogenital warts. Preventive vaccinations against HPV are not included into the National mandatory immunization schedule in Russia; however, they are being executed in several country areas in a form of regional programs. Substantial contingents are not embraced by the procedures as yet. A family can make decision of its own whether to vaccinate the adolescent child on paid basis. To make decision in favor of vaccination complete awareness is needful on the HPV infection consequences. As far as viruses of the given group became primarily known as cervical cancer etiological agents certain risk persists of “feminization” of notions about unfavorable effects of the HPV infection thus resulting in debates on usefulness of boys’ preventive vaccination.In this connection the purpose of the review was consideration of HPV effects on male reproductive potential. Oncogenic HPVs are frequently found in healthy donors’ sperm. HPV DNA can penetrate from sperm into oocyte under experimental conditions. Seminal fluid of HPV-positive males is a storage tank of the virus as well as the source of its distribution throughout population. DNA of oncogenic HPV was detected in endosomes of seminal lymphocytes. The latter fact opposes the canonic notion of strict HPV epitheliotropy. Correlation exists between the seminal fluid HPV-positivity of a certain man and his fertility drop. Reproductologists believe failures of some married couples when using assisted reproductive technologies may result from partner’s seminal HPV positivity. The successful attempt is known of semen parameters’ normalization in men with reduced fertility after inoculation with the quadrivalent Gardasil vaccine.It seems reasonable to consider the data on unfavorable effects of HPV infection on male reproductive potential as an argument for boys’ preventive HPV vaccination. It would help not only to prevent the HPV-associated oncological diseases in men but the distribution of the given infection around the population as a whole; it would contribute to more successes in solving demographic problems.

Ovarian endometriosis associated infertility: a modern view to the problem

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Mekan R. Orazov ◽  
Marina B. Khamoshina ◽  
Marianna Z. Abitova ◽  
Lyudmila M. Mikhaleva ◽  
Snezhana V. Volkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Ovarian Endometriosis ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Ovarian Endometriomas

This review summarizes current understanding of the pathogenesis of one of the most common forms of external genital endometriosis ovarian endometriomas. Due to their frequent occurrence in young women of reproductive age and extremely negative impact on the morphophysiological state of the ovaries, this disease makes a significant contribution to the structure of endometriosis-associated infertility. The main determinant of the negative effect of ovarian endometriomas on reproductive function is a decrease in ovarian reserve, which can occur either due to the direct gonadotoxic effect of the endometriod cyst itself, or due to the unintentional removal of healthy ovarian tissue during surgery or the use of aggressive methods of electrosurgery. Hence, the question of methods for achieving hemostasis during surgery in terms of iatrogenic effects on healthy ovarian tissue is debatable. The management strategy for patients with infertility associated with ovarian endometriosis consists of two components: surgical treatment and/or the use of assisted reproductive technologies. Laparoscopic cystectomy is indicated for cysts larger than 3 cm. Repeated surgical interventions in case of endometriosis do not improve fertility outcomes. Assisted reproductive technologies methods should be considered as a priority tactic in patients of older reproductive age with low ovarian reserve indicators or infertility duration of more than 2 years, as well as in cases of recurrent ovarian endometriomas. Management of such patients must be personalized and take into account the age, state of the ovarian reserve, duration of infertility, stage and number of surgical interventions for this disease.

The interrelationship between female reproductive aging and survival

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey B Mason ◽  
Tracy L Habermehl ◽  
Kaden B Underwood ◽  
Augusto Schneider ◽  
Miguel A Brieño-Enriquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Disease Rates ◽  
Primitive Species ◽  
Female Survival ◽  
Disease Risks

Abstract The link between survival and reproductive function is demonstrated across many species and is under both long-term evolutionary pressures and short-term environmental pressures. Loss of reproductive function is common in mammals and is strongly correlated with increased rates of disease in both males and females. However, the reproduction-associated change in disease rates is more abrupt and more severe in women, who benefit from a significant health advantage over men until the age of menopause. Young women with early ovarian failure also suffer from increased disease risks, further supporting the role of ovarian function in female health. Contemporary experiments where the influence of young ovarian tissue has been restored in post-reproductive-aged females with surgical manipulation were found to increase survival significantly. In these experiments, young, intact ovaries were used to replace the aged ovaries of females that had already reached reproductive cessation. As has been seen previously in primitive species, when the young mammalian ovaries were depleted of germ cells prior to transplantation to the post-reproductive female, survival was increased even further than with germ cell-containing young ovaries. Thus, extending reproductive potential significantly increases survival and appears to be germ cell and ovarian hormone-independent. The current review will discuss historical and contemporary observations and theories that support the link between reproduction and survival and provide hope for future clinical applications to decrease menopause-associated increases in disease risks.

Oncological and reproductive outcomes of organ-sparing treatment of patients of reproductive age with gynaecological malignancies

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-162
Author(s):  
М.О. Silkina ◽  
◽  
E.A. Sosnova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Reproductive Outcomes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Organ Sparing ◽  
Gynaecological Tumours

In the past decade, the clinical practice of treatment of malignant gynaecological tumours has undergone cardinal changes towards introduction of organ-sparing technologies. In many respects, this is due to the fact that women want their reproductive function to be preserved. This approach is widely discussed among medical doctors and: can organ-sparing techniques influence the outcomes of treatment with respect to tumour recurrence and a woman’s reproductive potential and her ability to bear a baby. As has been found, the survival after successful comprehensive treatment of cervical, endometrial and ovarian cancer is high, and the conception and birth of a healthy child is possible in more than 50% of cases, most often with the help of assisted reproductive technologies. Key words: oncological outcomes, tumours, organ-sparing treatment, reproductive outcomes

Ovarian reserve and endometrial receptivity in patients after organ-sparing surgeries for ovarian endometriotic cysts

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
A.A. Solomatina ◽  
◽  
L.M. Mihaleva ◽  
I.Z. Khamzin ◽  
O.V. Bratchikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Endometrial Receptivity ◽  
Group I ◽  
Organ Sparing

Objective. To analyze the significance of the ovarian reserve (OR) in the assessment of endometrial receptivity in patients after cystectomy for ovarian endometriotic cysts (OECs). Patients and methods. We examined 172 patients after organ-sparing surgeries for OECs. The mean patient age was 28.7 ± 4.8 years. Group I included 114 women with low OR. Group II comprised 58 patients with unchanged OR. All study participants underwent pelvic ultrasonography in the middle luteal phase 6 and 12 months postoperatively. We evaluated endometrial thickness and its echostructure, as well as Doppler-angle-independent flow indices, including resistance index, pulsatility index, and systolic/diastolic ratio. Reduced OR was diagnosed according to the ESHRE recommendations (2011 Anti-Müllerian hormone ≤ 0.5–1.1 ng/mL and ≤5–7 antral follicles in one ultrasound section. Results. Impairments in the morphological and functional state of the ovaries were associated with changes of the endometrial thickness, its ultrasonic structure, and hemodynamic parameters in the terminal branches of the uterine arteries (hypovascularization, increased flow indices). Simultaneous use of various methods for the assessment of ovarian tissue and endometrium allowed the detection of a decreased reproductive potential. Patients with a reduced OR after surgeries for OECs demonstrated improvement of both morphological/functional characteristics of ovarian tissue and endometrial receptivity, which allows pregnancy planning. Patients with extremely thin endometrium (3.0–5.0 mm) that does not improve are recommended to resort to assisted reproductive technologies. Key words: ovarian reserve, endometrium, ovarian endometriotic cysts

scholarly journals Ovarian tissue cryopreservation from contemporary indications to cutting edge research

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Limor Man ◽  
Zev Rosenwaks ◽  
Daylon James
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Ovarian Tissue Cryopreservation ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Major Side Effect ◽  
Medical Interventions ◽  
Tissue Cryopreservation

Over the last three decades, survival rate from malignancies has steadily increased, turning major focus on quality of life in remission. Unfortunately, a major side effect of medical interventions including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and/or surgery is premature ovarian failure and infertility for many patients. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation is an experimental technique used to preserve reproductive potential in patients who are pre-pubertal, must urgently undergo gonadotoxic treatment or who have other medical conditions requiring treatment that may undermine ovarian reserve and will lead to sub or infertility. We will review the indications, available techniques of tissue harvesting, and methods for freezing and autotransplanting cortical ovarian tissue. We will discuss outcomes, the potential risk of reintroducing malignancy and lastly, cutting-edge research models being developed in the field.

scholarly journals Features of the manifestation in small breed dogs’ reproductive function

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
T. V. Voronov ◽  
P. M. Skliarov
Keyword(s):  
Age Distribution ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Yorkshire Terrier ◽  
Small Breed

The andrological clinical examination of small breed dogs was carried out and according to its results, were established the group, breed, age, and performance dependence of the reproductive function manifestation in small breed dogs. The research novelty is that the experiment was carried out on representatives of small breeds such as the Yorkshire Terrier, Chihuahua, Spitz, Toy Terrier, Miniature Poodle, and Maltese lapdog. We found out that residents of megalopolises, such as Dnipro, are more likely to have small and medium-sized dogs, which are more adapted to the conditions of the apartment, and less capricious to the conditions of keeping and care. The reproductive function manifestation of dogs was determined by qualitative indicators of the clinical state, reproductive organs, sexual reflexes, and sperm with distribution on a scale: «G» (good), «S» (satisfactory), «U» (unsatisfactory). After analyzing the data obtained during the study, we came to the conclusion that dogs of small breeds have no less reproductive potential than representatives of other dogs breeds. Of the total number of research dogs, 75% received a grade «G» (good), 22.2% – «S» (satisfactory), 2.8% – «U» (unsatisfactory). The Yorkshire Terrier and Chihuahua have the highest reproductive potential compared to other breeds. In terms of age distribution, the best indicators were shown by representatives of the group from 2 to 3 and from 3 to 5 years. It has been established that the quality of sperm increased depending on the mode use of the male. In particular, according to the intensive use of male dogs (2 times a week, no more than 2 weeks in a row), the reproductive capacity was higher, compared to the moderate and occasional mode of use. The obtained data will help to more expediently use males of small breed dogs in reproduction and have high reproduction rates inside the breed.

PENINGKATAN KUALITAS HIDUP MELALUI LOGOTERAPI PADA KLIEN YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Abdul Wakhid ◽  
Ana Puji Astuti ◽  
Maya Kurnia Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean

Logoterapi merupakan terapi untuk menemukan makna positif dibalik sebuah kejadian yang tidak diharapkan. Logoterapi dilaksanakan secara individu maupun berkelompok dalam bentuk konseling dan berorientasi pada pencarian makna hidup individu. Tujuan logoterapi meningkatkan makna pengalaman hidup individu yang diarahkan kepada pengambilan keputusan yang bertanggung jawab. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan pre-experiment dengan metode pre and post test group, artinya pengumpulan data dilakukan terhadap responden untuk membandingkan kualitas hidup sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan intervensi. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode total sampling yaitu pengambilan seluruh sampel dengan tetap memperhatikan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan. Jumlah pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis di RSUD Ungaran sebanyak 21 orang dan di RSUD Ambarawa sebanyak 25 pasien. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji t test dependent. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa dari 46 responden didapatkan rata-rata skor kualitas hidup pasien yang mejalani hemodialisis sebesar 60.22 dengan skor terrendah 55 dan skor tertinggi 69. Bahwa dari 46 responden didapatkan rata-rata skor kualitas hidup pasien yang mejalani hemodialisis sebesar 88.72 dengan skor terrendah 79 dan skor tertinggi 103. Hasil uji statistik dengan uji t test dependent diketahui ada pengaruh logoterapi terhadap kemampuan memaknai hidup pada klien yang menjalani hemodialisis di RSUD Kabupaten Semarang (p value: 0,0001). Saran perlunya peningkatan kemampuan perawat dalam memberikan layanan kesehatan termasuk pemberian atau pemanduan penemuan makna hidup bagi pasien hemodialysis, agar selain dengan hemodialysis, ada faktor internal dari pasien yang dapat dijadikan sebagai motivasi untuk sembuh dari penyakit.   Kata Kunci: Logoterapi, kualitas hidup   IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH RENAL FAILURE WHO UNDERWENT HEMODIALYSIS   ABSTRACT Logotherapy is a therapy to discover the positive meaning behind an unexpected event. Logotherapy is carried out individually or in groups in the form of counseling and oriented to the search for the meaning of individual life. This study aims to improve the quality of life of patients with renal failure who underwent hemodialysis. This research was conducted by using pre-experiment with pre-post test study. The sampling technique was done by the convenience sampling. The number of patients undergoing hemodialysis as many as 46 respondents. Data analysis was done by using test t test dependent. The result showed that from 46 respondents got the mean of quality of life of patients who had hemodialysis 60.22 with lowest score 55 and highest score 69. Whereas from 46 respondents got the mean score of life quality of patients who had hemodialysis 88.72 with score the lowest score 79 and the highest score 103. The result of statistical test with t test dependent is known there is influence of logoterapi to the ability of meaningful life on client who undergo hemodialysis at Semarang Regency hospitals (p value: 0.0001). Advice on the need to improve the nurse's ability to provide health services, including the provision or guidance of the discovery of the meaning of life for hemodialysis patients, in addition to hemodialysis, there are internal factors of the patient that can be used as a motivation to recover from illness.   Keywords: Logotherapy, quality of life, kidney failure.  

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