SEASONAL PATTERNS OF ROOT GROWTH IN RELATION TO SHOOT PHENOLOGY IN GRAPE AND APPLE

2006 ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Eissenstat ◽  
T.L. Bauerle ◽  
L.H. Comas ◽  
A.N. Lakso ◽  
D. Neilsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Shoot Phenology

scholarly journals Root and shoot phenology and root longevity of Norway spruce saplings grown at different soil temperatures

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 1441-1452
Author(s):  
Jouni Kilpeläinen ◽  
Timo Domisch ◽  
Tarja Lehto ◽  
Leena Finér ◽  
Pedro J. Aphalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Tree Roots ◽  
Root Longevity ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Shoot Phenology

Tree roots comprise a huge carbon pool. Their dynamics are driven by environmental factors and thereby affected by climate change. We studied the effects of soil temperature on root and shoot phenology and their linkages in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). Saplings were grown in controlled-environment rooms for three simulated growing seasons (GS1, GS2, and GS3). Soil-temperature treatments of 9, 13, 18, and 21 °C were applied during GS2. Root growth was monitored with minirhizotrons and commenced in all treatments simultaneously. Temporal growth patterns of short and long roots were usually bimodal. Root growth was very low during the coldest treatment of GS2 but increased during GS3 as an aftereffect. During GS3, growth of short roots continued later after colder treatments than warmer treatments. Reduced sink strength of roots and increased carbohydrate accumulation into needles at 9 °C during GS2 probably enabled compensatory root growth under restored temperatures during GS3. Soil temperature did not affect shoot phenology, and root and shoot phenology varied between growing seasons; thus, the linkage of root and shoot phenology was inconsistent. In warmer soil, root longevity was shorter and turnover rate was higher than in colder soil. This can further affect soil carbon dynamics and ecosystem carbon cycling in boreal forest ecosystems.

Changes in loblolly pine root growth potential from September to April

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 635-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura E. DeWald ◽  
Peter P. Feret
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Root Growth Potential ◽  
Shoot Phenology

Loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) 1 + 0 seedlings were periodically hand lifted from a Virginia nursery to determine how root growth potential (RGP) varied between September and April. Several seedling characteristics, RGP, and shoot phenology were recorded for each lift date in 1983–1984 and 1984–1985. An attempt was made to relate RGP variation to changes in the nursery environment and to shoot phenology. Root growth potential variation was consistent between years and was more closely related to shoot phenological changes than to short-term environmental changes. During the development of dormancy, RGP was low, RGP increased when shoot activity resumed during the RGP tests (late winter, early spring), and declined as active shoot elongation began in the nursery. When RGP was low, elongation of existing lateral roots primarily contributed to the new root systems, but as seedling metabolism increased in the late winter, new root initiation also contributed to new root systems. Absolute differences in RGP between years may be related to the fibrosity of seedling root systems.

scholarly journals A Window Into Below-ground Growth of Landscape Trees: Implications for Transplant Success

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-371
Author(s):  
Roger Harris ◽  
Nina L. Bassuk ◽  
Thomas H. Whitlow
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Fraxinus Pennsylvanica ◽  
Green Ash ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Tree Transplanting ◽  
Shoot Phenology ◽  
Landscape Trees

Root and shoot phenology were observed, and root length within rootballs were calculated for Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. (green ash), Quecus coccinea Muenchh. (scarlet oak), Corylus colurna L. (Turkish hazelnut), and Syringa reticulata (Blume) Hara `Ivory Silk' (tree lilac) trees established in a rhizotron. Easy-to-transplant species (green ash and tree lilac) had more root length within rootballs than difficult-to-transplant species (Turkish hazelnut and scarlet oak). Shoot growth began before root growth on all species except scarlet oak, which began root and shoot growth simultaneously. Fall root growth ceased for all species just after leaf drop. Implications for tree transplanting are discussed.

scholarly journals Patterns of Root Growth in Grape and Apple in Relation to Shoot Phenology

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1146A-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Eissenstat ◽  
Denise Neilsen ◽  
Alan N. Lakso ◽  
David R. Smart ◽  
Taryn L. Bauerle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
Considerable Variability ◽  
Wine Grapes ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Napa Valley ◽  
Harvest Timing ◽  
Shoot Phenology ◽  
Root Observation

Growers plan most of their horticultural activities around certain shoot phenological stages, such as bloom, veraison, and harvest. Timing of root growth in relation to these stages of the shoot is of interest in fertilization scheduling and in understanding carbon allocation demands of the root system. With the recent use of minirhizotron root observation tubes, a much greater understanding of patterns of root growth has been made possible. In Fredonia, N.Y., 5 years of root investigation in `Concord' grape indicate considerable variability in timing of root flushes. Root flushes could occur any time between bloom and veraison, but were generally not observed after harvest. Wine grapes in the Napa Valley exhibited similar patterns. In apple, root flushes may occur at bloom, but often not after harvest. Consequently, we rarely observed the bimodal distribution of root flushes commonly depicted in textbooks for apple and grape. Our data suggest that general perceptions of the timing of root growth may be in error.

The effects of free‐air CO2enrichment and soil water availability on spatial and seasonal patterns of wheat root growth

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 519-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Wechsung ◽  
F. Wechsung ◽  
G. W. Wall ◽  
F. J. Adamsen ◽  
B. A. Kimball ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Soil Water Availability ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Free Air

Seasonal Variation of Suicide in the City of São Paulo, Brazil, 1996–2010

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hideki Bando ◽  
Fernando Madalena Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
June July ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

Background: In light of the few reports from intertropical latitudes and their conflicting results, we aimed to replicate and update the investigation of seasonal patterns of suicide occurrences in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Data relating to male and female suicides were extracted from the Mortality Information Enhancement Program (PRO-AIM), the official health statistics of the municipality of São Paulo. Seasonality was assessed by studying distribution of suicides over time using cosinor analyses. Results: There were 6,916 registered suicides (76.7% men), with an average of 39.0 ± 7.0 observed suicides per month. For the total sample and for both sexes, cosinor analysis estimated a significant seasonal pattern. For the total sample and for males suicide peaked in November (late spring) with a trough in May–June (late autumn). For females, the estimated peak occurred in January, and the trough in June–July. Conclusions: A seasonal pattern of suicides was found for both males and females, peaking in spring/summer and dipping in fall/winter. The scarcity of reports from intertropical latitudes warrants promoting more studies in this area.

Cadmium and copper change root growth and morphology of Pinus pinea and Pinus pinaster seedlings

1994 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iduna Arduini ◽  
Douglas L. Godbold ◽  
Antonino Onnis
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Pinus Pinaster ◽  
Pinus Pinea
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document