scholarly journals RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE HISTORICALLY FORMED URBAN PLANNING DOMINANTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Natalya A. KOSENKOVA ◽  
Denis Vladimirovich LITVINOV ◽  
Elizaveta V. KOSENKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Planning History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Historical Periods

The urban planning history of Samara and the features of the formation of its planning structure are considered. The main historical periods in the history of the development of the city are revealed. The structural features of the pre-regular, regular city are considered, the main historical areas are investigated. The role of urban squares in modern Samara is analyzed. Based on the defi nition of the term architectural dominant, several main classifi cations of architectural dominants are given, and Samara’s historical dominants are identifi ed. The role of the main architectural dominants in the formation of the urban environment, historical and modern, and the transformation of this role with the growth and development of the city are examined in detail. The infl uence of later development on the historical dominants of the city is revealed.

scholarly journals IDENTITY OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
E.V. Alzemeneva ◽  
◽  
Yu.V. Mamaeva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Identity ◽  
Cultural Products ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Unique Identity ◽  
The City

Modern research on the sustainability of the urban environment mainly focuses on environmental factors like water, air, energy and transport, while urban identity rarely attracts attention. The concept of sustainability, which includes the identity of the urban environment, combines a wide range of factors, including urban planning and architectural objects, natural, geographical, cultural products and social norms. With modern architectural and urban development and globalization, cities are increasingly facing the problem of losing their original identity. In the context of the concept of the identity of the urban environment considered in this study, the role of urban planning objects, architecture and culture in the formation and maintenance of the unique identity of the city of Astrakhan and the need for considerable attention to the resource of identity for the development of the city and the region is stressed.

scholarly journals Assembling the multitude: questions about agency in the urban environment

Urban History ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOROTHEE BRANTZ
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban History ◽  
Technological Systems ◽  
Political Concern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Human Actors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

In recent years, urban history has witnessed an expansion of actors. Historians have substantially and continuously extended their perspectives when it comes to examining the forces that drive urban developments. This expansion to an ever-broader range of human and increasingly also non-human actors (e.g. animals, technological systems and resources such as water) has opened up many new venues for investigations. It has also raised new questions about the role of cities in the history of social change. One of the most provocative ideas involves the claim that cities themselves should be considered agents and proprietors of change. Such notions of urban agency are premised on the assumption that, on the whole, cities are more than the sum of their parts. In this context, urbanization is not just viewed as the outcome of other determining societal forces, most notably capitalism. Instead, cities themselves are understood as determining entities and powerful enablers or preventers of material transformations. The investigative potential of such a perspective is tremendous, but the possible pitfalls should also not be underestimated. Exploring the explanatory prospects of urban agency requires, first of all, a critical engagement with both of the terms ‘agency’ and ‘the urban’. In my brief contribution to this roundtable, I would like to offer two points to the discussion: the first centres on the relationship between agency and intentionality/responsibilities, which is ultimately a political concern; the second aims to differentiate between the city as an entity and the urban as a process. Such a distinction, in turn, poses conceptual as well as methodological questions regarding the efficacy of agency as an urban concept.

THEODOR FISCHER: PLAN AND BUILDING REGULATIONS MUNICH 1904

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 6-18
Author(s):  
Vasily Filippov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
World War ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Expansion Plan ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

The issues of preserving the urban planning heritage of Russian cities and the proposed methods of its preservation are discussed. The study of the morphology of Russian cities is presented as an example of a scientific approach to the description of the urban environment as a possible object for conservation. The history of the expansion plan and urban planning regulations for Munich, created by Theodor Fischer and based on the task of the morphology of urban space, adopted in 1904 and current for 75 years, regardless of the government in Germany, is described. The plan and regulations became the basis for the development of the city, its restoration after World War II and the preservation of its urban environment.

GARDEN AND PARK ENSEMBLES IN THE TOWNS’ HISTORY

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-116
Author(s):  
Nataliya N. VOLOGDINA ◽  
Mikhail A. VOLODIN
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Natural System ◽  
Western Civilization ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
History Of ◽  
Aesthetic Ideas ◽  
The City ◽  
Public Landscapes ◽  
Historical Periods

The narrative motive of the study is the fact of the infl uence of the garden and park ensembles’ construction on the development of cities. The historical periods of the highest fl owering of culture, philosophy, aesthetic ideas, and the development of construction skills have been selected for the work. The authors of the article draw att ention to the theoretical works of the 20th century in Western civilization, considering the city as a natural system. Their connection with the concepts of the 16th- 19th centuries in England, France, Italy, and France is affi rmed. The idea of the city as a natural system is revealed through images and metaphors, which help to understand the place of public landscapes in the history of civilization. The article presents the garden-park complexes, the creation of which changed the urban planning paradigm, initiated the construction of new cities, promoted the replacement of obsolete or lost elements of urban structure. The author suggests the classifi cation of landscape complexes according to their role in the development of urban planning and their infl uence on the artistic culture, architecture and morphology of the city.

The celebration, condemnation and reinterpretation of the Geddes plan, 1925: the dynamic planning history of Tel Aviv

Urban History ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
NOAH HYSLER RUBIN
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban History ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Planning History ◽  
Main Claim ◽  
Tel Aviv ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACT:The article presents the short urban history of Tel Aviv as a case-study for critical readings in urban planning. Focusing on Patrick Geddes’ celebrated plan for the city (1925) and its various interpretations along the years, the main claim made in the article is that when present planners are confronted with a past which does not suit current needs, history is contested, or reinvented entirely. The appreciation of Geddes’ plan over the years always reflected the city's contemporary image and its planners’ attitudes, which initially reflected the pioneering spirits of the city's Zionist creation. The plan was later blamed for the city's deterioration; and finally celebrated again, alongside the city's new found architectural heritage and urban spirit.

scholarly journals URBAN ROLE OF THE LENINGRAD PALACES OF CULTURE OF THE FIRST THIRD OF THE XX CENTURY ON THE EXAMPLE OF PETROGRADSKY AND VASILEOROVSKY DISTRICTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
N. Dubrovina
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Spatial Framework ◽  
History Of ◽  
Regional Centers ◽  
The City

In Russia, the experience of restoration of architectural monuments of the twentieth century totals only a few decades, and this process turned out to be complex and contradictory. It becomes obvious that, in comparison with the history of classical restoration, the “new heritage” requires the formation of its own restoration methodology. During the restoration and reconstruction of the Palaces of Culture of the first third of the twentieth century, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the building itself and the urban planning situation. The Palace of Culture, as a special type of building, must be studied in its historical environment. All Leningrad Culture Palaces are designed as important elements of urban planning regional centers. The placement of the Palace of Culture in the district structure was carefully selected based on the urban planning situation and with the aim of creating a new cultural and planning center, and in some cases, an urban ensemble. This paper discusses the design and contemporary urban importance of the Palaces of Culture of the era of the avant-garde of the Petrogradsky and Vasileostrovsky districts of Leningrad (modern St. Petersburg), namely the Lensoviet Palace of Culture and the Palace of Culture named after S. M. Kirov. It is established that the Palaces of Culture in question are important elements of the urban planning ensemble in the compositional and spatial framework of the city and / or part of the architectural and urban planning complex of buildings of regional significance.

scholarly journals Architectural and urban planning evolution of the industrial area near Moskovskaya Zastava in Saint Petersburg

2021 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 01031
Author(s):  
Maria Granstrem ◽  
Milena Zolotareva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Planning History ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City ◽  
Building Plant

This paper discusses the urban planning history of an area in Saint Petersburg around the former Moskovskaya Zastava, a historical gateway that travelers passed through when approaching Saint Petersburg from Moscow. Specifically, we are interested in the architecture of the carriage building plant. By the end of the 19th century, this part of the city had turned into an industrial area, which saw dense development from 1897 to 1917. For the next one hundred years, this vast space did not see any transformations, constituting a complete, self-sufficient environment. The carriage building plant, originally constructed at the very end of the 19th century, remained standing near Moskovskaya Zastava until the early 21st century. In 2013, the industrial area ceased its existence, and the former carriage building plant was given for residential development.

scholarly journals Photography and the Spatial Transformations of Ghent, 1840-1914

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-218
Author(s):  
Steven Jacobs ◽  
Bruno Notteboom
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
The Other ◽  
World's Fair ◽  
Planning History ◽  
Spatial Transformations ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
The City

During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the photographic visualization of the Belgian city of Ghent is closely connected to its urban planning. On one hand, the city is transformed according to the logics of industrial modernization with its functional and spatial zoning. On the other hand, the city’s historical heritage is rediscovered and many medieval buildings were preserved and restored. The planning history of Ghent is usually described in two stages: first, the “Haussmannization” of the city, the creation of boulevards and vistas according to the model of Brussels and Paris, and second, the return to regionalism and a picturesque sensibility during the preparation of the 1913 World’s Fair. The photographic representation of the city seems to mirror this evolution, exchanging the image of the city as a series of isolated monuments for a more sensory and immersive experience. However, a close look at a broad range of images produced by both foreign and local photographers allows us to nuance this assumption. Particularly, the work of Edmond Sacré, who photographed Ghent over half a century, combines a “topographical” and a “picturesque” sensibility.

scholarly journals PRINCIPLES OF FORMING A GREEN FRAME IN THE CITY STRUCTURE

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
O. A. Kryzhantovska ◽  
◽  
E S. Evstigneeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Ecological Planning ◽  
Ecological Compensation ◽  
Green Architecture ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
The City

In the last decade, the issue of forming a green framework system during the development and organization of cities, the structure and principles of its formation has been widely discussed. Meanwhile, the concept of a green framework in urban planning and ecology is different, which requires the synthesis and analysis of these concepts in urban ecology. The article is devoted to determining the role of the natural framework in the structure of the modern urban environment, it also highlights key issues related to urban development features of the formation of the green framework in the structure of the city, at the same level with the problems of its organization. This article reflects various approaches to the development of a green framework in an urban environment and the problems in its formation in modern conditions. The role of the green framework as the basis for ecological planning of the territory and optimization of the quality of the urban environment is considered. In the process of analysis, we conclude that the main aspects of compensation in urban areas are the preservation and development of the gardening system, the determination of their size and connectedness, ecological and urban planning functions that provide ecological compensation for the city, as well as the creation of green architecture. The preservation and growth of green spaces in cities is one of the main environmental tasks. The indifferent attitude of citizens to their environment is a serious urgent problem. The article raises the issue of increasing the civic activity of residents of megacities in the field of preserving the green frame of cities. The successful experience in the conservation of natural resources and the development of green public areas is described on the example of 5 European cities. The obtained results can be used by architects for the theory and practice of the formation of green frames in a modern urban environment.

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