scholarly journals TRANSFORMATION OF THE SAUDI MODEL OF HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN CHALLENGES

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-74
Author(s):  
V. Shved
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Current Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Center ◽  
The World ◽  
Steep Decrease ◽  
Vision 2030 ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Crown Prince

The article deals with the main features of the Saudi model of historical development transformation. It analyzes a number of factors which forces the process of fundamental updating of the current model of development, which is led by the royal family of Saudi Arabia. The current model of development was based on the extraordinary profits from the oil trade and a fundamentalist Islam, generally known as Wahhabism, is mentioned. Among these factors we should take into account: the steep decrease in the world oil market during 2015–2016; partly replacement of Saudi Arabia by the United States on this market caused by the shale revolution; the significant increase in tensions with Iran for hegemony in the Middle East and because of connection with its military intervention in Yemen. The research shows that the current Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia Mohammed bin Salman, who united the team of young revolutionists – Young Saudis, was the main inspirer and organizer of the "White Revolution". The program of the Kingdom's modern strategic development is reviewed. It determines the new main measures of the historical development, known as "Saudi Vision 2030", and connected with its project "NEOM". The author argues that the principal tasks of "Saudi Vision 2030" and the project "NEOM" are the denial of rent model of economy, becoming Saudi Arabia's transformation into the world biggest investment hub and global center of the meeting of civilizations. The author shows, that deep changes in the economy, finance and investments are accompanied by the huge transformation in the mindsets of society. One of the main components of these changes is the waiver of Wahhabism and transition to the moderate Islam, as well as hasty establishment of the new Saudi identity on the base of active promotion of nationalism that focuses not on religious, but on the state-building aspect of the modern Saudi nation development. The researcher proposes to take into account these new changes in Saudi reality during development of Ukraine-Saudi Arabia relations more carefully and to study this experience in the course of the formation of modern Ukrainian model of historical development.

The royal Saudi visit may change long-term US views

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
News Media ◽  
Close Association ◽  
The United States ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
Crown Prince

Significance The crown prince (colloquially known across Western news media as ‘MBS’), this month visited the United States, building relationships, announcing business deals and seeking to soften the image of Saudi Arabia. His seven-city tour included meetings with politicians from both parties, high-tech business leaders and Hollywood stars. Impacts The close association with Washington may play well to MBS’s youth base, but could further antagonise Saudi conservatives. Relationships built on the trip will likely boost US investment in Saudi Arabia, despite concerns about a fickle business environment. The Saudi charm offensive could provoke an adverse US domestic reaction if civilian casualties in Yemen spike and hit the news cycle.

scholarly journals Representing Kingdom’s Makeover after Vision 2030: A Corpus-Driven Analysis of American Media Discourse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ansa Hameed ◽  
Ismat Jabeen ◽  
Naeem Afzal
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Western World ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Mainstream Economic ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
The World ◽  
American Media ◽  
Vision 2030

Saudi Vision 2030 is a scheme; the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has formulated to realize its mainstream economic, social, and administrative goals. Accordingly, the Kingdom strategizes to implement this transformative Vision. The current research aims to analyze how American media has reported several events, actions, and policies in line with Saudi Vision 2030. Thus, the question posed is how an image of the transformative Saudi Kingdom has been presented by American media discourse, in line with Vision 2030. The study is substantial for the Kingdom to ascertain how the world has responded to its Vision. Moreover, in a world with media as a dominant directing agency, it is imperious for the Kingdom to keep an eye on its image in the global community. The research is primarily a quantitative study based on the corpus approach to study the designated media discourse. A specialized corpus of 150,000 words is compiled and analyzed through a variety of corpus tools. The results reveal that American newspapers have given limited representation of the Vision and related activities. Their media usually highlights the pre-existing features of the Kingdom. On the other hand, there are very occasional references to some new aspects like the transformation of the economy, promotion of tourism, revision of the society, etc., which are being implemented in the Kingdom. The study suggests that the Kingdom needs to brief the Western world for an enriched campaign of its contemporary image.

scholarly journals Comparing the Chinese Construction Industry with Other Developing Countries to Identify an Applicable Solution to Low Construction Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Yutian Chen ◽  
Oswald Chong
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
State University ◽  
Arizona State University ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Best Value ◽  
The World

The Chinese Construction Industry (CCI) has become one of the largest in the world within the last 20 years. However, due to its rapid growth it has been experiencing issues causing the industry to struggle with delivering high performing projects. Due to the differences between developed and developing countries construction industries, research from other developing countries that were similar to China (Vietnam and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) were used to help identify solutions to improve the CCI. Previous research has identified the major risks in Vietnam and Saudi Arabia. It has also been identified the only solution that has documented evidence that it can improve construction performance is the Best Value Approach that was developed in the United States at Arizona State University. A literature research was performed identifying the major risks and issues that have been documented in the CCI. These risks were then compared to that of the Vietnam and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s construction industry risks. It was identified that the majority of the top risks were similar in all three countries. Identifying that developing countries have been experiencing the same issues. This also identifies that the Best Value Approach might be a solution to help improve the CCI.

scholarly journals Teachers’ beliefs about developmentally appropriate practices in Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahlam A. Alghamdi ◽  
James M. Ernest
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Q Methodology ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Preschool Teachers ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Developmentally Appropriate ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
The United States ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Appropriate Practices

Abstract Since the first release of NAEYC’s guidelines, DAP has received a lot of attention from childhood professionals in the United States. Internationally, many countries have also shown a growing interest regarding DAP, yet interest in DAP is new to the Saudi educators. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore preschool teachers’ subjective beliefs toward NAEYC’s guidelines of DAP in Saudi Arabia, one of the most conservative Middle Eastern countries. Q Methodology, as a mixed methods approach, was used to study 37 preschool teachers randomly selected from five preschools in Mecca city. The participants sorted 50 cards with examples of DAP and developmentally inappropriate practice (DIP) or “In Contrast” statements which represented perceived importance of the practice to the sorter. To analyze the data, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with Varimax rotation indicated four main components regarding the beliefs of Saudi preschool teachers as they relate to DAP’s guidelines. Each component represents a unique perspective (viewpoint) on how Saudi preschool teachers view DAP and contrasting items based on their subjective points of view. The four main perspectives that emerged from the analysis show a dominance consensus among perspectives that fit equitably within the DAP framework regarding the best practice of early childhood education. Findings from this study provide evidence that many aspects of developmentally appropriate practice can be appropriate in different cultures and countries.

scholarly journals مراحل تطور العلاقة الاقتصادية بين السعودية والصين / Stages of Development of the Economic Relationship Between the Saudi Arabia and China

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-104
Author(s):  
Abdullah bin Abdul Mohsen Al-Faraj
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
World Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Modern China ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Mortgage Crisis ◽  
Vision 2030 ◽  
Belt And Road

Abstract The economic relations between Saudi Arabia and modern China witnessed four stages: 1. the phase of almost no relationship, which lasted from 1949 AD until the mid-seventies of the last century; 2. the stage of initiating developing relations between the two countries after the start of economic reforms in China; 3. relations of highly advanced levels after the acceleration of the growth rates of the Chinese economy at the beginning of the new millennium; 4. the phase of transforming the Chinese economy into a locomotive that drags the rest of the train cars of the world economy, following the financial-economic crisis that hit the industrial hubs in 2008, whose epicenter was the United States after the mortgage crisis. During the fourth stage, two visions concurred: the Kingdom’s Vision 2030, and the China’s Belt and Road Initiative, which strengthened relations between the two countries. strengthened relations between the two countries.

scholarly journals U źródeł japońskiego nacjonalizmu i militaryzmu — doktryna kokutai w życiu politycznym Cesarstwa Japonii w latach 1867–1945

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-58
Author(s):  
Michał A. Piegzik
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
National Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
World War Two ◽  
World War ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World

The main goal of this article is to present the historical development of the kokutai doctrine pol. national policy, which emerged in the Empire of Japan in 1867–1945 and which was one of the ideological foundations of the Japanese internal and foreign policy. Its formulation and subsequent consolidation in the form of legal regulations is closely related to the period of modernization and rivalry with the European colonial powers and the United States for influence on the political map of East Asia. The kokutai doctrine embodies concepts such as chauvinism, nationalism, racism, militarism, expansionism and statism. Attempts to put them into practice led to the outbreak of the World War Two in the Pacific and the total defeat of Japan against the Allies.

Black Gold and America Shape Iran and Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-38
Author(s):  
Dilip Hiro
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Central Intelligence Agency ◽  
Intelligence Agency ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Western Influence ◽  
Crown Prince ◽  
Standard Oil Company ◽  
Political Turmoil ◽  
Oil Company

The discovery of oil near Masjid-e-Suleiman in Iran in 1908 by a British company aroused interest in Britain and America to explore the wider region for it. Standard Oil Company of California (Socal) secured oil concessions in Saudi Arabia from King Ibn Saud in 1933. The subsequent Arabian American Oil Company (Aramco) struck oil in 1938. The importance of Saudi petroleum increased when, following Iran’s nationalization of the British-owned Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC) in 1951, Western countries boycotted Iranian oil. The political turmoil in Iran ended with the restoration of the briefly deposed Muhammad Reza Shah Pahlavi to the throne with the assistance of the US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in August 1953. He leased the rights to Iran’s petroleum to the consortium of four Western oil companies for twenty-five years. With that, the United States became the prime Western influence in Tehran. By then Riyadh had forged military links with Washington. Soon rivalry developed between King Saud, a spendthrift ruler, and his austere Crown Prince Faisal. It ended with Saud abdicating in favor of Faisal in 1964. Four years earlier, Saudi Arabia had become one of the five founders of the Organization of Oil Exporting Countries (OPEC).

scholarly journals Small and Medium Entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 and Its Role in Reducing Unemployment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Esmat Mohamed Abdel Moniem el sayed
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Job Market ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Vision 2030 ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
New Jobs

SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises) account for 60 to 70 percent of jobs in most OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries with a particularly large share in Italy and Japan, and a relatively smaller share in the United States. Throughout; they also account for a disproportionately large share of new jobs, especially in those countries which have displayed a strong employment record.In Saudi Arabia, more than two-thirds of the population are younger than 30 and about 100,000 graduates enter the job market each year. The present paper discusses what measures should be taken and highlights the importance of understanding the relationship and interaction between unemployment and entrepreneurship. The present research focuses on studies that explain small and medium-sized entrepreneurship and its role in reducing unemployment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches are used to collect data that may contribute to a better understanding of the employment issues of Saudi young men and women. Besides; we introduce entrepreneurship Survey Questionnaire; this survey has focused mainly on understanding the relationship and interaction between unemployment and entrepreneurship. In this survey, a more balanced view is taken by examining the factors which contribute to creating more job opportunities.

The Limits of Belonging in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-753
Author(s):  
Rosie Bsheer
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Humanoid Robot ◽  
Saudi Arabian ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Global Citizen ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Reform Plan ◽  
Vision 2030 ◽  
Crown Prince

On 25 October 2017, the Saudi Arabian regime granted citizenship to Sophia, a humanoid robot developed in Hong Kong. Sophia became the world's first robot citizen. Some of the globe's wealthiest investors, foreign dignitaries, and foremost economists, journalists, and public relations experts celebrated the conferral firsthand. They were guests of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman in Riyadh, where they attended the inaugural Future Investment Initiative. Sponsored by Saudi Arabia's sovereign wealth fund, the forum heralded the regime's renewed commitment to diversify the country's petro-economy, develop its human capital, and increase its global investment competitiveness. The national reform plan, dubbed Vision 2030, dominated the event's discussions. Vision 2030 was an ambitious blueprint that had as its goal nothing short of overhauling everyday life in Saudi Arabia. It entailed revamping bureaucratic capacity, building global gigacities, and opening the country to visitors and investors alike. Developing the tourism and entertainment sectors were key. Through these lucrative socio-technical experiments, the regime hoped to tackle the dire economic, financial, and social challenges it faced. To appeal to the global investor, it framed the reforms in the language of high-tech modernization, sustainable development, and socioreligious tolerance. Sophia, and all the trappings of modernization that “she” embodied, epitomized the ruling class's entrepreneurial vision for a new Saudi Arabia, and in turn, a new global citizen: the naturalized elite as well as the new Saudi Arabian citizen-subject (Fig. 1).

scholarly journals Educational Migration of Student Youth: Challenges and Consequences for Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (517) ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
T. V. Shepel ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Environment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Technological Basis ◽  
The World ◽  
Educational Migration ◽  
Main Components

The article considers the geographical dimension and the main problems of educational migration in Ukraine. The main problems of mass departure of Ukrainian citizens abroad are identified, since they are the most concerning. The analysis of manifestations of educational migration is carried out. It was found that in addition to the decrease in quality of education and the difficult socio-economic situation in the country, the strengthening of external educational migration is caused by the systemic policy of the countries of Europe, Russia and the United States to attract Ukrainians to study under various programs (scholarship, bachelor’s, master’s, doctoral, postdoctoral). The legal regulation of academic mobility in Ukraine as an institutional form of educational migration is studied, the dynamics of the migration movement of Ukrainian youth of the current population of the country is determined. The main trends of educational migration from Ukraine are analyzed, the list of the world countries that are the most popular among Ukrainian students is defined. Current trends and dynamics in changes in migration priorities of the youth Ukrainian population are considered. The popularity of the western vector of the migration movement among intellectual migrants is emphasized. The statistical analysis of regularities of migration processes in Ukraine and around the world is carried out. The main tendencies, factors and relevant institutions that determine directions and intensity of educational migration are identified. Recommendations for the State policy of Ukraine in this direction are offered. The causes and positive/negative consequences of educational migration for Ukrainian society in the future are summarized. The main components of the institutional environment as a technological basis for the management of educational processes migration in European countries are defined. The directions of the State regulation of educational migration in Ukraine in the interests of preservation and development of intellectual capital and ensuring competitive positions in the international market of educational services are formulated.

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