scholarly journals Betaine influence on the endothelial cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
K. Kalynovska ◽  
P. Fedyshyn ◽  
L. Kalachniuk ◽  
L. Garmacnhuk ◽  
O. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Mitochondrial Enzymes ◽  
Mtt Test ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Bioactive Substance ◽  
Morphological Differences

The use of betaine as a bioactive substance remains relevant due to its role in methylation processes (including methionine), antioxidant protection of cells for lipid metabolism, participation in anti-inflammatory processes and stabilization of the endothelial-epithelial barrier as a powerful regulator of metabolic processes in cells and tissues. Therefore, the aim of this work was to study the direct effect of betaine on cultured endothelial cells. The objectives of the work were to analyze the literature on the use of betaine as a donor of methyl groups and osmoprotector (especially the use of its osmotolytic properties), and to conduct experimental studies of its effect on endothelial cells. The effect of betaine on endothelial cells (RAE lines) was studied using traditional methodological approaches: MTT test to determine the activity of mitochondrial enzymes and cell survival, assessment of glucose uptake and morphological properties of endothelial cells. The results of the study of the effect of betaine on endothelial cells showed no toxic effects, increased concentration of endothelial cells compared with control of its level of 0,5 mg/ml and 1 mg/ml when stained with trypan blue, increased optical absorption due to reduction of formazan by mitochondrial enzymes in living cells within its concentrations of 1–4 mg/ml by MTT test, increasing the activity of mitochondrial oxidoreductases per unit of living cells at its concentrations of 1 and 4 mg/ml, the highest absorption of glucose by cells at 0,125 mg/ml and 1 mg/ml of the biological product, compared with the control there were morphological differences of cells, namely: elongation, greater number of processes and the formation of structures that had signs of procapillary. Therefore, betaine at a concentration of 1 mg/ml may serve as a kind of standard of positive effects on endothelial cells in subsequent studies of bioactive drugs.

Avoiding the prenatal programming effects of glucocorticoids: are there alternative treatments for the induction of antenatal lung maturation?

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia Justus ◽  
Deborah Magdalena Sloboda ◽  
Wolfgang Henrich ◽  
Andreas Plagemann ◽  
Joachim Wolfram Dudenhausen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Lung Maturation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Irreversible Effects ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Fetal Lung Maturation

AbstractThe long-term outcomes of antenatal glucocorticoids (GCs) vary between reports, and have generated controversy in terms of repeated and single-course events, causing irreversible effects on endocrine set points.This study aimed to assess the effects of alternative therapeutic agents other than synthetic glucocorticoid GC administration for fetal lung maturation.A review of literature from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar was conducted to assess the use of alternative therapies to synthetic GCs using recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement (PRISMA). End points included the rates of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), mRNA expression for pneumocyte type II, concentration of surfactant proteins in alveolar lavage, morphological differences, histological proof of lung maturation, and angiogenesis or quantification of the surfactant pool.In all 41 studies examined, we found that ambroxol showed positive effects on lung maturation, but it has yet to be analyzed with sufficient significance in humans. Interleukins and TNF-alpha produce accelerated lung maturation, but have only been evaluated in basic research/experimental studies. Growth factors promote structural and functional growth in all phases of lung maturation, but little is known about their reciprocal effects and exact mechanisms as therapeutics. Thyroid releasing hormone or vitamin A cause detrimental side effects or were less effective for lung maturation.The efficacy and safety of these alternative agents are differentiated and none up to now can be recommended as an alternative to GCs.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Protein-Rich Electrospun Fibers for In Vitro Applications

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iriczalli Cruz-Maya ◽  
Alessio Varesano ◽  
Claudia Vineis ◽  
Vincenzo Guarino
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Cell Interaction ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Protein Rich

Electrospinning is the leading technology to fabricate fibrous scaffolds that mimic the architecture of the extracellular matrix of natural tissues. In order to improve the biological response, a consolidated trend involves the blending of synthetic polymers with natural proteins to form protein-rich fibers that include selected biochemical cues able to more actively support in vitro cell interaction. In this study, we compared protein-rich fibers fabricated via electrospinning by the blending of poly ε-caprolactone (PCL) with three different proteins, i.e., gelatin, zein, and keratin, respectively. We demonstrated that the peculiar features of the proteins used significantly influence the morphological properties, in terms of fiber size and distribution. Moreover, keratin drastically enhances the fiber hydrophilicity (water contact angle equal to 44.3° ± 3.9°) with positive effects on cell interaction, as confirmed by the higher proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) until 7 days. By contrast, gelatin and zein not equally contribute to the fiber wettability (water contact angles equal to 95.2° ± 1.2° and 76.3° ± 4.0°, respectively) due to morphological constraints, i.e., broader fiber diameter distribution ascribable to the non-homogeneous presence of the protein along the fibers, or chemical constrains, i.e., large amount of non-polar amino acids. According to in vitro experimental studies, which included SEM and confocal microscopy analyses and vitality assay, we concluded that keratin is the most promising protein to be combined with PCL for the fabrication of biologically instructive fibers for in vitro applications.

DIESEL ENGINE OPERATION IN USE OF FUEL WITH ADDITIVES

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Petar Kazakov ◽  
Atanas Iliev ◽  
Emil Marinov
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Positive Effects

Over the decades, more attention has been paid to emissions from the means of transport and the use of different fuels and combustion fuels for the operation of internal combustion engines than on fuel consumption. This, in turn, enables research into products that are said to reduce fuel consumption. The report summarizes four studies of fuel-related innovation products. The studies covered by this report are conducted with diesel fuel and usually contain diesel fuel and three additives for it. Manufacturers of additives are based on already existing studies showing a 10-30% reduction in fuel consumption. Comparative experimental studies related to the use of commercially available diesel fuel with and without the use of additives have been performed in laboratory conditions. The studies were carried out on a stationary diesel engine СМД-17КН equipped with brake КИ1368В. Repeated results were recorded, but they did not confirm the significant positive effect of additives on specific fuel consumption. In some cases, the factors affecting errors in this type of research on the effectiveness of fuel additives for commercial purposes are considered. The reasons for the positive effects of such use of additives in certain engine operating modes are also clarified.

Non-stigmatising alternatives to anti-obesity public health messages: Consequences for health behaviour and well-being

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910532199970
Author(s):  
Joanne A Rathbone ◽  
Tegan Cruwys ◽  
Jolanda Jetten
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Messages ◽  
Total N ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Public Health Messages ◽  
Size Acceptance

This project investigated how alternative non-stigmatising public health messages influence people’s health behaviours and well-being, relative to traditional stigmatising weight-loss messages. We conducted three experimental studies (total N = 1281) that compared traditional weight-loss messages to weight-neutral messages (Study 1), weight-inclusive messages (Study 2) and size acceptance messages (Study 3). Results revealed that public health messages have differential effects on health behaviours and well-being, depending on the audience’s BMI or perceived weight. However, campaigns that challenge weight stigma and promote body positivity have positive effects on some psychological indicators of health and well-being for people of all body sizes.

scholarly journals Endothelial and Vascular Health: A Tale of Honey, H2O2 and Calcium

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1071
Author(s):  
Elia Ranzato ◽  
Gregorio Bonsignore ◽  
Mauro Patrone ◽  
Simona Martinotti
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Vascular Health ◽  
Endothelial Cell Line ◽  
Positive Effects

Intracellular Ca2+ regulation plays a pivotal role in endothelial biology as well as during endothelial restoration processes. Interest in honey utilization in wound approaches is rising in recent years. In order to evaluate the positive effects of buckwheat honey on endothelial responses, we utilized an immortalized endothelial cell line to evaluate cellular responses upon honey exposure, with particular interest in Ca2+ signaling involvement. The results highlight the positive effects of buckwheat honey on endothelial cells’ responses and the central role played by Ca2+ signaling as an encouraging target for more efficacious clinical treatments.

scholarly journals Effective Programs in Elementary Mathematics: A Meta-Analysis

AERA Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 233285842098621
Author(s):  
Marta Pellegrini ◽  
Cynthia Lake ◽  
Amanda Neitzel ◽  
Robert E. Slavin
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Elementary Mathematics ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Classroom Organization ◽  
Benchmark Assessment ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Achievement Outcomes

This article reviews research on the achievement outcomes of elementary mathematics programs; 87 rigorous experimental studies evaluated 66 programs in grades K–5. Programs were organized in six categories. Particularly positive outcomes were found for tutoring programs (effect size [ES] = +0.20, k = 22). Positive outcomes were also seen in studies focused on professional development for classroom organization and management (e.g., cooperative learning; ES = +0.19, k = 7). Professional development approaches focused on helping teachers gain in understanding of mathematics content and pedagogy had little impact on student achievement. Professional development intended to help in the adoption of new curricula had a small but significant impact for traditional (nondigital) curricula (ES = +0.12, k = 7), but not for digital curricula. Traditional and digital curricula with limited professional development, as well as benchmark assessment programs, found few positive effects.

Arthrospira platensis accelerates the formation of an endothelial cell monolayer and protects against endothelial cell detachment after bacterial contamination

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
A. Krüger-Genge ◽  
S. Steinbrecht ◽  
C.G.H. Jung ◽  
Sophia Westphal ◽  
Stefanie Klöpzig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Bacterial Toxin ◽  
Cell Detachment ◽  
Endothelial Cell Monolayer ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Within the last years a comprehensive number of scientific studies demonstrated beneficial effect of Arthropira platensis (AP) as dietary supplement due to a high content of proteins, minerals and vitamins. Positive effects like promoting the immune system, reducing inflammation and an anti-oxidant capacity are reported. In this study, the effect of an aqueous AP extract on primary human venous endothelial cells (HUVEC) was investigated. In addition, the effect of AP on HUVEC treated with a bacterial toxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPA), inducing an activation of HUVEC and cellular detachment, was analyzed. Depending on the concentration of AP extract a significantly accelerated formation of an endothelial cell monolayer was observed. Furthermore, the detachment of HUVEC after LPA addition was dramatically reduced by AP. In conclusion, the data are promising and indicatory for an application of Arthrospira platensis in the clinical field.

New method of holographic three-dimensional tracking of living cells exploiting their morphological properties

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasquale Memmolo ◽  
Maria Iannone ◽  
Maurizio Ventre ◽  
Paolo Antonio Netti ◽  
Andrea Finizio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
New Method ◽  
Morphological Properties

scholarly journals The Damage Sensory Molecule TRPA1 Positively Regulates Endogenous Thymic Regeneration after Damage

Blood ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 130 (Suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 67-67
Author(s):  
Kimon Argyropoulos ◽  
Enrico Velardi ◽  
Jennifer Tsai ◽  
Amina Lazrak ◽  
Lorenz Jahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Thymic Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Products ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Damage Sensing ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Thymic Regeneration

Abstract The thymus is extremely sensitive to exogenous insults but has a remarkable capacity to regenerate which is lost with age. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulate early after tissue damage and despite their toxic potential, ROS and their byproducts (such as lipid peroxidation products-LPPs) can act as regeneration signals by activating membrane or intracellular sensors and subsequent stress-response signalling pathways. Using Sublethal Total Body Irradiation (SL-TBI) as a model of acute thymic injury, we found a rapid accumulation of thymic ROS as well as lipid peroxidation products on cell membranes after SLTBI (Figure 1A&B). The damage-sensing ion channel Transient Receptor Potential cation channel family A member 1 (TRPA1) represents one of the major damage sensing receptors that can mediate cellular responses to oxidative stress mediators, such as LPPs. Using immunofluorescence (IF) microscopy we found that TRPA1 is enriched in the thymic medulla. Interestingly, although TRPA1 has been classically identified in nociceptive fibers, the major TRPA1 expressing structures in the thymus were not nerve fiber terminals, but primarily thymic endothelial cells (Figure1C), fibroblasts and subsets of epithelial cells. We have recently demonstrated that thymic endothelial cells can regulate regeneration through secretion of BMP-4, which can enhance Foxn1 expression and proliferation of thymic epithelial cells. In order to assess the functional role of TRPA1 in thymic regeneration after injury, we utilized TRPA1 knockout (TRPA1-/-) mice and quantified thymic reconstitution after SL-TBI. TRPA1-/- mice had significantly lower thymic cellularity compared to their age- and sex-matched WT controls, suggesting an association between TRPA1 deficiency and delayed endogenous thymic recovery (Figure 1D). The major deficit in thymocyte counts primarily affected double negative-4 (DN4), double positive (DP) and CD4+ single positive (SP-CD4+) thymocyte numbers. The thymic stroma of TRPA1-/- mice had lower endothelial cell and fibroblast counts (Figure 1D). In accordance with these findings drinking water administration of the TRPA1 agonist Allyl-Isothiocyanate (AITC), resulted in enhanced thymic regeneration after radiation exposure. Besides its positive effects on thymocyte counts, AITC significantly augmented endothelial cell counts after irradiation (Figure 1E). In conclusion these results suggest that TRPA1 plays a non-redundant role in thymic regeneration and that exogenous TRPA1 stimulation can enhance immune recovery after damage. Disclosures van den Brink: Seres: Research Funding; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; PureTech Health: Consultancy; Therakos Institute: Other: Speaking engagement.

scholarly journals Cardioprotective Activity of Selected Polyphenols Based on Epithelial and Aortic Cell Lines. A Review

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 5343
Author(s):  
Michał Otręba ◽  
Leon Kośmider ◽  
Jerzy Stojko ◽  
Anna Rzepecka-Stojko
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Endothelial Tube Formation ◽  
Disease Therapy ◽  
Species Production

Polyphenols have recently gained popularity among the general public as products and diets classified as healthy and containing naturally occurring phenols. Many polyphenolic extracts are available on the market as dietary supplements, functional foods, or cosmetics, taking advantage of clients’ desire to live a healthier and longer life. However, due to the difficulty of discovering the in vivo functions of polyphenols, most of the research focuses on in vitro studies. In this review, we focused on the cardioprotective activity of different polyphenols as possible candidates for use in cardiovascular disease therapy and for improving the quality of life of patients. Thus, the studies, which were mainly based on endothelial cells, aortic cells, and some in vivo studies, were analyzed. Based on the reviewed articles, polyphenols have a few points of action, including inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, decrease in reactive oxygen species production and endothelial tube formation, stimulation of acetylcholine-induced endothelium-derived mediator release, and others, which lead to their cardio- and/or vasoprotective effects on endothelial cells. The obtained results suggest positive effects of polyphenols, but more long-term in vivo studies demonstrating effects on mechanism of action, sensitivity, and specificity or efficacy are needed before legal health claims can be made.

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