scholarly journals Peripheral serotonin and tryptophan levels in rats under progesterone long-term administration

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
A. Aleksandrov ◽  
V. Konopelniuk ◽  
L. Ostapchenko
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Serotonin Content ◽  
Term Administration

Tryptophan and serotonin levels in duodenum mucosa and blood serum of rats under progesterone long-term administration have been determined. The studies show that tryptophan and the serotonin content increase in rats under progesterone long-term administration compared with control group of rats. Obtained data give evidence that biosynthetic pathway of serotonin, particularly, content of serotonin, is involved in the obesity development induced by progesterone long-term administration.

scholarly journals Amino acids level in rats upon long-term administration of progesterone

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
A. Aleksandrov ◽  
T. Ishchuk ◽  
O. Skopenko ◽  
V. Konopelniuk
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Administration

Amino acids levels in blood serum of rats under progesterone long-term administration have been determined. The studies show that levels of most amino acids content decrease in rats under progesterone long-term administration compared with control group of rats. Obtained data give evidence that progesterone long-term administration significantly influence on amino acids metabolism.

The effect of different partitions of seaweed Sargassum plagyophylum on depression behavior in mice model of despair

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Mesripour ◽  
Neda Rabian ◽  
Afsaneh Yegdaneh
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Swimming Test

Abstract Background Seaweeds are a famous traditional food resource in some countries containing different types of secondary metabolites. These marine organisms have shown different biological activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hexane and methanol extracts of Sargassum plagyophylum on depression. Methods Sargassum plagyophylum was collected from Persian Gulf. The plant was extracted by maceration with methanol-ethyl acetate solvent. The extract was evaporated and partitioned by hexane and methanol solvents. The two partitions were administered i.p. to male mice either a single dose or for 7 days. Depression was evaluated by the forced swimming test (FST) which higher immobility time indicates depressive-like behavior. Results The immobility time during FST decreased significantly by all the doses of the hexane partitions (notably 40 mg/kg; 10 s ± 2 vs. 114 s ± 12 control group). However, only the lowest dose (20 mg/kg) of the methanol partition reduced immobility time during FST (23 s ± 8, p<0.001). Following the long term administration both of the partitions reduced the immobility time in FST (hexane 27 s ± 11, methanol 70 s ± 14, p<0.05 vs. control 140 s ± 14). Conclusion The hexane partition showed antidepressant effects not only by long-term administration but also by the single dose during FST. The 7 days therapy with methanol partition also induced antidepressant behavior, but only the lowest single dose reduced immobility in FST. The methanol partitions possibly have certain substance that interfered with behavior in the FST. Therefore, S. plagyophylum should be considered for further antidepressant studies.

scholarly journals The Effect of Apigenin on Pharmacokinetics of Imatinib and Its Metabolite N-Desmethyl Imatinib in Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-yun Liu ◽  
Tao Xu ◽  
Wan-shu Li ◽  
Jun Luo ◽  
Pei-wu Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Short Term Study ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of apigenin on the pharmacokinetics of imatinib and N-desmethyl imatinib in rats. Healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: A group (the control group), B group (the long-term administration of 165 mg/kg apigenin for 15 days), C group (a single dose of 165 mg/kg apigenin), and D group (a single dose of 252 mg/kg apigenin). The serum concentrations of imatinib and N-desmethyl imatinib were measured by HPLC, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using DAS 3.0 software. The parameters ofAUC(0-t),AUC(0−∞),Tmax,Vz/F, andCLz/Ffor imatinib in group B were different from those in group A (P<0.05). Besides,MRT(0−t)andMRT(0−∞)in groups C and D differed distinctly from those in group A as well. The parameters ofAUC(0-t)andCmaxfor N-desmethyl imatinib in group C were significantly lower than those in group A (P<0.05); however, compared with groups B and D, the magnitude of effect was modest. Those results indicated that apigenin in the short-term study inhibited the metabolism of imatinib and its metabolite N-desmethyl imatinib, while in the long-term study the metabolism could be accelerated.

The influence of doxazosin, an α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist on the urinary bladder contractility in pigs

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Markiewicz ◽  
A. Jasiecka ◽  
D. Barski ◽  
J. Janiuk ◽  
A. Bossowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Detrusor Smooth Muscle ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Term Administration

Abstract In the present study influence of doxazosin on the porcine urinary bladder contractility has been examined. Immature pigs were treated for 30 days with: a) doxazosin (n = 5) per os at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg b.w. or b) placebo (n = 5; control group). Thereafter, animals were sacrificed and urinary bladder strips from the trigone were suspended in organ baths. The tension of the smooth musce was measured before and after exposition to acetylocholine (ACh; 10-5 - 10-3 M), norepinephrine (NE; 10-9 - 10-7 M) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; 10-7 - 10-5 M). Both the ACh and 5-HT at the highest doses significantly increased the contractility in each group, but this response was weaker in doxazosin-treated animals. NE caused relaxation in both groups, but the effect was weaker in doxazosine-treated group. The results of our study have shown that long-term administration of doxazosin caused a desensitization of the detrusor smooth muscle for in vitro applied mediators of the autonomic nervous systems.

Growth and carcass composition of pre-pubertal dairy heifers treated with bovine growth hormone

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. Sandles ◽  
C. J. Peel
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gh Treatment ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Plasma Metabolite

ABSTRACTThe effects of long-term administration of exogenous growth hormone (GH) on growth and carcass composition of pasture-fed, pre-pubertal dairy heifers were examined. Purified bovine GH (specific activity, 0·78 i.u. per mg) was administered daily for 21 weeks (0·6 mg GH per kg M0·75) to one member of each of 12 sets of twins. GH administration resulted in a significantly higher growth rate (0·58 kg/ day) compared with the control group (0·54 kg/day) and produced a heavier carcass (75·6 kg v. 69·5 kg). However, this production gain did not persist when GH treatment ceased. Plasma metabolite concentrations and carcass composition were not affected by GH treatment. GH tended to increase slightly the voluntary intake of freshly cut herbage dry matter (3·5 kg/day v. 3·7 kg/day; P < 0·05), but had no effect on food conversion efficiency. Serum somatomedin levels were not significantly increased by GH during week 13 of treatment. This experiment indicates that pre-pubertal heifers chronically treated with GH will increase their food intake to sustain an increased rate of growth. However, the production gains made over the treatment period were transient and within 5 weeks of the cessation of GH treatment there was no difference in the live weight of the two groups.

scholarly journals Long-term changes in the dentoalveolar system of rats after experimental intra-abdominal hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
N. S. Morozova ◽  
A. A. Mamedov ◽  
D. Y. Lakomova ◽  
L. D. Maltseva ◽  
O. L. Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Abdominal Hypertension ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Circulatory Disorders

Aim. To establish the effect of experimental intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) on the teeth-jaw system of rats in the long-term period based on the study of pro-inflammatory cytokines and morphological analysis of the elements of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and salivary glands.Materials and methods. The experiment was carried out on 60 newborn rats; IAH was modelled by injecting collagen into the abdominal cavity to a predetermined level of intra-abdominal pressure. The rats were evenly (n = 20) divided into 3 groups: 1st - control; 2nd and 3rd - with light and severe IAH, respectively. Serum levels of IL-18, MCP-1, NGAL were determined by multiplex analysis after 10 and 120 days, VEGF-C - after 10 days - by ELISA. The morphological examination of the TMJ and salivary glands was performed using a Leica DM2000 microscope after 120 days.Results. After 10 days and 120 days, blood serum levels of NGAL, IL-18 and MCP-1 were statistically significantly increased in groups 2 and 3 compared to the control; the concentration of MCP-1 increased in proportion to the severity of the IAH with the maximum values in group 3. After 10 days, the level of VEGF was significantly increased in group 2 compared to the control group (p < 0.02). Inflammation of the TMJ was observed significantly more often in groups 2 and 3 than in the control group (p = 0.0002). In group 3, circulatory disorders and bone marrow degeneration of the TMJ, as well as inflammation, circulatory disorders and hyperplasia of the lymphoid tissue of the salivary glands were statistically significantly more often compared to groups 1 and 2.Conclusion. In the long term, experimental IAH showed an increase in the levels of markers of inflammation and hypoxia in the blood serum of rats; the severity of synovitis and sialadenitis grew with an increase in the level of intra-abdominal pressure; the maximum deviations in inflammation markers and morphological changes in the TMJ and salivary glands of rats were observed in the group with severe IAH.

scholarly journals Cardiac Inotropic Effect of Long-Term Administration of Oral Thymoquinone

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Lubna Ibrahim Al Asoom ◽  
Mohammad Taha Al-Hariri
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peak Tension ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Myocardial Flow

Back Ground. Long-term administration of Nigella sativa showed cardiac hypertrophic and positive inotropic effects. Thymoquinone (TQ) is an active ingredient in Nigella sativa. Therefore, we aimed to test the cardiac effects of long-term TQ administration. Materials and Methods. Twenty adult Wistar rats weighing (150-250 g) were divided into two groups: control and TQ. A TQ-olive oil solution was administered orally to the TQ group (dose 10 mg/kg) for two months. An equivalent volume of olive oil was given to the control group. Langendorff isolated hearts were studied. Peak tension, time to peak tension, half relaxation time, and myocardial flow rate were determined. Heart and left ventricle weights and ratios were recorded. Results. The TQ group exhibited significantly higher peak tension than the control group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in time to peak tension, half relaxation time, and myocardial flow rate. Likewise, there were no signs of cardiac hypertrophy. Conclusions. Long-term administration of oral TQ induced a positive inotropic effect in the form of an increase in peak tension. TQ administration did not result in cardiac hypertrophy or an increased cardiac metabolic demand at the studied dose. TQ may be a promising inotropic agent.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF LONG TERM ADMINISTRATION OF GLUCOCORTICOID TO BONE LINING CELLS APOPTOSIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Gadis Meinar Sari
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bone Mass Loss ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Glucocorticoid Administration ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Group 2

Glucocorticoid is widely used in medical treatment as an immune system or an inflammation therapy. However its long term administration can cause life-threatening side effects. One of them is bone mass loss which increases the risk of bone fractures in the long-term use. Bone lining cells derived from mesenchymal stem cells, which serve as a backup cell bone-forming osteoblasts. Glucocorticoids acting directly on osteoblasts, bone lining cells when reduced due to increased apoptosis, the reserve cells to bone formation will be decreased. The aim of this study was to count the amount of apoptotic bone lining cells after long term glucocorticoid administration. This study used Rattus norvegicus females aged 3 months that were divided into 3 groups, each group consisted of 7 rats. The groups are: (1) control group; (2) treatment group 1 were given glucocorticoid 0.01 mg/day; (3) treatment group 2 were given glucocorticoid 0.2mg/day. The treatment carried out for 4 weeks and at the end of treatment, rats were sacrified and continued with preparation, and the number of bone lining cells that undergoing apoptosis was calculated through examination of the femur bone tissue metaphysis section using immunohistochemical technique. All data were analyzed with statistical analysis Anova. The result showed that the number of apoptotic bone lining cells increased in group with glucocorticoid administration 0.01 mg/day and 0.2 mg/day compared to control group with p = 0.000 (p <0.05). The number of apoptotic bone lining cells on the group of glucocorticoid dose 0.2 mg/day higher than the group of glucocorticoid dose 0.01 mg/day with p = 0.000 (p <0.05). In conclusion, long term glucocorticoid administration increase apoptosis of bone lining cells.

Vitamin C and Diabetes Mellitus

1983 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emil Ginter ◽  
Viera Chorváthová
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Vitamin C Deficiency ◽  
Term Administration

Several points of contact exist between the metabolism of glucose and vitamin C, which are two substances with a similar molecular structure. A deficiency of vitamin C provokes disorders in glycoregulation reminiscent of diabetes mellitus, and vice versa, diabetes brings about disorders in ascorbic acid metabolism, which may lead to a local vitamin C deficiency in some tissues. This vicious circle can be cut by an increased supply of ascorbic acid. Long-term administration of ascorbic acid depresses cholesterol level in blood serum in the majority of hypercholesterolemic diabetics. Prevention of chronic overt vitamin C deficiency in diabetics may play a positive role in the prevention of diabetic microangiopathies and atherosclerosis.

Kinetics of steroid responsiveness to hCG during chronic inhibition of testicular function by GnRH analogue

1984 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-549
Author(s):  
Enzo Vicari ◽  
Alessandro Mongioi ◽  
Antonia Aliffi ◽  
Salvatore Gulizia ◽  
Rosario D'Agata
Keyword(s):  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Gnrh Analogue ◽  
Testicular Function ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Significant Release ◽  
Prepubertal Boys ◽  
Steroid Responsiveness ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract. The effect of daily injections of D-Ser-(TBU)6-LRH-EA10 (GnRH analogue (GnRH-A) 100 μg sc) on serum testosterone (T),17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) and oestradiol-17β (E2) was studied in 4 men. During GnRH-A therapy T, 17OHP and E2 were markedly decreased by the end of the second month. Continuous long-term administration of GnRh-A inhibited testicular function. To test whether the biosynthetic pathway was affected by the regimen, a bolus of 2000 U hCG was given to each subject after 10 months of therapy. Evaluation of the kinetics of steroid responsiveness showed a significant release of T in response to the trophic stimulus, with little or nor elevation of serum 17OHP and E2. The response seen in these treated men appeared similar to that found in hypogonadotrophic men and prepubertal boys.

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