scholarly journals Long-term changes in the dentoalveolar system of rats after experimental intra-abdominal hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
N. S. Morozova ◽  
A. A. Mamedov ◽  
D. Y. Lakomova ◽  
L. D. Maltseva ◽  
O. L. Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Abdominal Hypertension ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Circulatory Disorders

Aim. To establish the effect of experimental intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) on the teeth-jaw system of rats in the long-term period based on the study of pro-inflammatory cytokines and morphological analysis of the elements of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and salivary glands.Materials and methods. The experiment was carried out on 60 newborn rats; IAH was modelled by injecting collagen into the abdominal cavity to a predetermined level of intra-abdominal pressure. The rats were evenly (n = 20) divided into 3 groups: 1st - control; 2nd and 3rd - with light and severe IAH, respectively. Serum levels of IL-18, MCP-1, NGAL were determined by multiplex analysis after 10 and 120 days, VEGF-C - after 10 days - by ELISA. The morphological examination of the TMJ and salivary glands was performed using a Leica DM2000 microscope after 120 days.Results. After 10 days and 120 days, blood serum levels of NGAL, IL-18 and MCP-1 were statistically significantly increased in groups 2 and 3 compared to the control; the concentration of MCP-1 increased in proportion to the severity of the IAH with the maximum values in group 3. After 10 days, the level of VEGF was significantly increased in group 2 compared to the control group (p < 0.02). Inflammation of the TMJ was observed significantly more often in groups 2 and 3 than in the control group (p = 0.0002). In group 3, circulatory disorders and bone marrow degeneration of the TMJ, as well as inflammation, circulatory disorders and hyperplasia of the lymphoid tissue of the salivary glands were statistically significantly more often compared to groups 1 and 2.Conclusion. In the long term, experimental IAH showed an increase in the levels of markers of inflammation and hypoxia in the blood serum of rats; the severity of synovitis and sialadenitis grew with an increase in the level of intra-abdominal pressure; the maximum deviations in inflammation markers and morphological changes in the TMJ and salivary glands of rats were observed in the group with severe IAH.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Some Male and Female Rats’ Reproductive Hormones Following Administration of Aspartame With or Without Vitamin C or E

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Omar H Azeez
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Aspartame (ASP) is a sugar substitute. Its use rose because it has been demonstrated to have deleterious effects after being metabolized. In the presence of antioxidant vitamins C or E, the effects of ASP on reproductive hormones of adult male and female Albino Wister rats were investigated. A total of eighty male and female rats were used in this study. The rats were divided into four groups: group 1, received no treatment; group 2, received ASP at 40 mg/kg BW; group 3, received ASP at 40 mg/kg BW with vitamin C at 150 mg/kg BW; and group 4, received ASP at 40 mg/kg BW and vitamin E at 100 mg/kg BW. All treatments were given orally by gavage needle once daily for consecutive 90 days. The levels of estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone hormone (TH) were measured after 90 days in blood plasma. In comparison with the control group, ASP treatment resulted in lower levels of E2, FSH, and LH in male and female rats. When the antioxidants vitamin C or E was given, the effects of ASP were reversed, and the levels of E2, LH, and FSH were increased. The testosterone hormone was likewise significantly increased by ASP, but testosterone hormone concentrations were decreased by vitamin C or E treatments. Long-term ASP consumption caused interfering with testicular and ovarian hormonal activity, while vitamins C and E on the other hand, overcome longstanding consumption ASP's effects.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Significance of Serum 14-3-3η in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Reyhan ◽  
Olga S. Zhukov ◽  
Robert J. Lagier ◽  
Robert F. Bridgeforth ◽  
Gary J. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Single Positive ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis

Abstract Background: Prompt diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is important to avoid long term complications. Elevated serum 14-3-3η levels improve the diagnostic sensitivity of rheumatoid factor (RF) and cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody in adult rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and have been associated with more severe phenotype. We investigated the prevalence and clinical significance of serum 14-3-3η in different types of JIA.Methods: JIA patients (n=151) followed by the Pediatric Rheumatology Core at Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles were categorized into 5 groups: polyarticular JIA RF+ (PJIA RF+; n=39), PJIA RF- (n=39), psoriatic arthritis (PsA; n=19), enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA; n=18), and oligoarticular JIA (OJIA [control group]; n=36). RF, CCP antibody, and 14-3-3η were measured for all patients. 14-3-3η serum levels >0.2ng/mL were considered positive. Disease activity was assessed by the Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score-71 (JADAS-71). Results: Elevated 14-3-3h levels were detected in 34/151 (23%) patients, and across all groups tested. Most patients with 14-3-3h had titers ≥4 times above the cutoff value. The majority (22, 65%) of 14-3-3h-positive patients were also positive for RF or CCP antibodies, 16 (47%) were positive for all 3, and 12 (35%) were single-positive for 14-3-3η. The highest prevalence of 14-3-3η was in PJIA RF+ patients (49%), followed by OJIA (22%). Positivity for 14-3-3h was not significantly associated with disease activity or age at diagnosis. Conclusion: Serum 14-3-3h can be detected in all forms of JIA tested but appears to be most common in PJIA RF+. 14-3-3h does not appear to correlate with disease activity in JIA.

scholarly journals Changes in the Levels of Biochemical Markers Following Coronavirus Infection in Patients with Liver Disease, Renal Disease and Diabetes Mellitus as Compared to Control Participants: A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Osama J. Ahmed ◽  
Estabraq A. Al-Wasiti ◽  
Dina Jamil ◽  
Hayder A. Al-Aubaidy
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 1

Background & Aim of the Study: Increased levels of many biomarkers, including liver enzymes, blood urea and serum creatinine as well as glycemic markers have been reported following coronavirus (COVID-19) infection, leading to the development of acute disease. This study aims to measure and follow-up the following biomarkers (fasting blood glucose, blood urea, serum creatinine, total serum bilirubin, as well as the liver enzymes AST, ALT, and ALP) in otherwise healthy participants and patients with liver disease, renal disease and diabetes following COVID-19 infection. Materials and Methods: This is cross section study, included 144 participants who were infected with COVID-19 and admitted to the Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq. Participants were divided into 4 study groups, Group 1: 46 participants with no pre-existing medical condition (Control), Group 2: 30 patients with existing liver disease. Group 3: 28 patients with existing renal disease and Group 4: 40 patients with diabetes mellitus. Participants were followed up for 14 days following COVID-19 infection to monitor the progression of the biochemical markers. Results: There were significant changes in serum levels of all the markers of this study between the four study groups (p<0.001). Serum ALP levels were not significantly changed within any of the four study groups. However, both ALT and AST levels were significantly changed within all the four study groups (p<0.001). The levels of TSB changes significantly within the renal group (Group 3), (p=0.017). The levels of S. Creatinine showed significant changes in all the study groups except the renal group (Group 3). The levels change significantly within all the study groups except the control group (Group 1), while fasting blood glucose levels changes significantly in the control group only (Group 1), (p=0.004). Conclusions: Following COVID-19 infection, there were significant changes in the levels of ALT, AST, S. Creatinine and B.Urea after 14 days of the disease progression. While in patients with existing renal disease, there were significant changes in the levels of TSB, AST, ALT and B. Urea following COVID-19 infection. In diabetic patients, there were significant increase in the level of   fasting blood glucose after 14 days of COVID-19 infection. there were no significant changes in serum levels of ALP and FBG in patients with chronic illnesses (liver disease, renal disease, and diabetes) when compared to control group.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Intraabdominal Hypertension and Preeclampsia

2016 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Mesut A. Ünsal ◽  
Ülkü İnce ◽  
Sevil Cengiz ◽  
S. Caner Karahan ◽  
Turhan Aran
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intraabdominal Pressure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Abdominal Hypertension ◽  
Intraabdominal Hypertension ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

<p><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> We aimed to measure abdominal pressure and placental levels of malondialdehyde in patients with preeclampsia and investigate the relationship between intraabdominal pressure and clinical features of preeclampsia.<br /><strong>STUDY DESIGN:</strong> Study was conducted at a tertiary referral clinic. Study group consisted of patients with preeclampsia and control group consisted of normotensive pregnant women. Both placental malondialdehyde and intraabdominal pressure levels were studied in all patients. Intraabdominal pressure was assessed indirectly via a Foley bladder catheter both antepartum and postpartum period. Statistical comparisons among groups were made using the Mann-Whitney U test, independent T test and Chi-square test. Statistical significance was set as p&lt;0.05.<br /><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Study and control group consisted of 35 pregnant patients. The mean patients’ age, gravidity, parity, weight and BMI were not different between study and control groups. In the study group, Caesarean, preterm delivery and abdominal hypertension rate were significantly higher whereas the mean neonatal birth weight was lower. The mean antepartum and postpartum intraabdominal pressure levels were significantly higher in study group. The mean intraabdominal pressure was highest in patients with oliguria (19.8±1.8 cmH2O). Abdominal hypertension was detected in 30 (86%) patients in study group and in 3 (9%) patients in control group. The mean placental malondialdehyde level was significantly higher in patients with intraabdominal hypertension.<br /><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> Abdominal hypertension rate is very high in patients with preeclampsia. Abdominal hypertension may have an additional role in preeclampsia.</p>

scholarly journals Proinflammatory Cytokines and Leptin Are Increased in Serum of Prepubertal Obese Children

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Denizmen Aygun ◽  
Serdal Gungor ◽  
Bilal Ustundag ◽  
Metin K. Gurgoze ◽  
Yasar Sen
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Disease

It has not yet been shown in prepubertal children how cytokines, leptin, and body mass, as well as parameters of obesity are interrelated. The aim of this study was to explore the relation between circulating levels of some cytokines with leptin and body mass index. A case control study was carried out in obese children of both sexes. An obese group was carried out with 63 school prepubertal children and a control group comprised the same number of nonobese children paired by age and by sex. Mean serum leptin concentration was significantly higher in the obese children at19.9±7.4ng/mL, than the control group (7.9±5.1ng/mL). Serum IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-αlevels were also significantly higher in the obese group than controls (33.0±8.9,45.2±11.8, and9.2±2.3pg/mL, versus3.6±1.0,13.1±3.9, and3.9±1.0pg/mL, resp). In controversy, serum IL-2 level was diminished in the obese group as0.4±0.1versus0.9±0.1U/L. Obesity may be a low-grade systemic inflammatory disease. Obese prepubertal children have elevated serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-αwhich are known as markers of inflammation.

scholarly journals Serum folate levels in children on long-term anti-seizure medication in a Nigerian tertiary center—Implications for practice and public health

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 003685042110576
Author(s):  
Adaobi I Bisi-Onyemaechi ◽  
Ugo N Chikani ◽  
Ndubuisi A Uwaezuoke ◽  
Ann E Aronu ◽  
Ngozi C Ojinnaka
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Sodium Valproate ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Epilepsy is the most common childhood neurological disorder in Nigeria. Treatment of epilepsy is long-term and sometimes lifelong with anti-seizure medications. There are conflicting reports on the effect of anti-seizure medications on serum folate. There is therefore a need to determine the effect of a commonly used anti-seizure medication's on serum folate levels of children. This would provide an evidence-based consideration for folic acid supplementation in children on anti-seizure medication as has been suggested by some studies. Study objectives: To determine whether serum folate levels were lower in children taking long-term carbamazepine or sodium valproate, compared to a control group. Methods: Serum folic acid levels were measured from well-nourished children between the ages of 1–17 years on carbamazepine and sodium valproate monotherapy and their age/sex-matched controls, using spectrophotometry. Results: The mean serum folate levels of patients on carbamazepine (43) and sodium valproate (22) were 0.032 mg/l ± 0.009 and 0.028 mg/l  ±  0.008, respectively. The mean folate levels of the controls were 0.046 mg/l  ±  0.03 ( p = 0 001). No statistically significant difference was observed between the serum folate levels of children on the two anti-seizure medications, that is, carbamazepine and valproate. Conclusion: The children on treatment with carbamazepine and sodium valproate for more than 6 months had statistically significantly lower serum levels of folic acid compared to the standard reference range and controls. The serum folate levels of children on carbamazepine were not statistically different from those on sodium valproate.

scholarly journals Peripheral serotonin and tryptophan levels in rats under progesterone long-term administration

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
A. Aleksandrov ◽  
V. Konopelniuk ◽  
L. Ostapchenko
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Serotonin Content ◽  
Term Administration

Tryptophan and serotonin levels in duodenum mucosa and blood serum of rats under progesterone long-term administration have been determined. The studies show that tryptophan and the serotonin content increase in rats under progesterone long-term administration compared with control group of rats. Obtained data give evidence that biosynthetic pathway of serotonin, particularly, content of serotonin, is involved in the obesity development induced by progesterone long-term administration.

scholarly journals The efficiency of non-specific inhaled immunotherapy with ruzam in patients with atopic bronchialasthma

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
D V Terekhov ◽  
Nataliya Mikhaylovna Nenasheva ◽  
D V Terekhov ◽  
N M Nenasheva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Induced Sputum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Asthma Control Test ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Atopic Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation

Background. To study the efficacy and safety of inhaled form of ruzam in adult patients with persistent mild and moderate atopic bronchial asthma (ba). Materials and methods. a placebo-controlled prospective, randomized, open label study of an efficacy of ruzam a solution for inhalations (in bottles on 2,5 or 5 ml) on 2,5 ml onсe a day through nebulizer during 2 weeks was conducted in adult asthmatic patients. The efficacy of therapy was evaluated by dynamics of symptoms and requirement in ƒ2-agonists, besides PEfr, spirometry, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (bhr), asthma control test (aCT ), level of the markers of the allergic inflammation were performed. Results. reduction of bа symptoms, increase morning PEfr, decrease of bhr and NОex level in patients who received ruzam compared with control group was observed. achievement of clinical control of bа in patients treated by ruzam was accompanied by statistically significant positive dynamics of markers of inflammation (ifNg, ECP) in blood serum and in supernatant of the induced sputum. it testifies about anti-inflammatory influence of ruzam. Conclusion. inhaled therapy with ruzam in a complex with iNCs basic therapy is an effective and safe method of treatment of persistent atopic bronchial asthma. This combination allows to reach clinical and functional control of ba faster and to reduce inflammation markers in blood serum and induced sputum.

The pathomorphology of the renal cortex depending of arterial hypertension duration course

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.V. Slesareva ◽  
R.V. Ureneva ◽  
S.M. Slesarev ◽  
O.V. Lyapeykova
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Juxtaglomerular Apparatus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Autopsy Material ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

The kidneys autopsy material of persons with arterial hypertension in different duration was examined. Morphometry of the renal corpuscle area and cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons vascular glomeruli was performed. There were 4 groups - a control group (with a normal blood pressure level), and groups with arterial hypertension - the initial stage (group 2), arterial hypertension for 5-10 years (group 3), long-term arterial hypertension - more than 10 years (group 4). It was found that cortical nephrons are distinguished by earlier and more pronounced hyperplasia of the vascular glomerulus, they are more rapidly exposed to sclerosis, which appears in the 5-10th year of the course of the disease. The hyperplasia of the vascular glomerulus components is progressively increasing in juxtaglomerular nephrons, they are less susceptible to sclerosis processes. Key words: arterial hypertension, juxtaglomerular apparatus, juxtamedullary nephrons, vascular glomerulus.

THE EFFECTS OF CALCIUM CARBONATE ON THE APPARENT DIGESTIBILITY, SERUM CONCENTRATION AND APPARENT RETENTION OF DIETARY MINERALS IN DAIRY CATTLE

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. CATHCART ◽  
J. A. SHELFORD ◽  
R. G. PETERSON
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Dietary Minerals ◽  
Animal Metabolism ◽  
Fecal Ph

CaCO3 was added to a hay-grain ration already adequate in nutrients to determine the effect of doubling the Ca content of the ration on apparent digestibilities and serum levels of 11 minerals. Sixteen dairy cattle of two breeds (Holstein and Ayrshire) were randomly assigned to the control (0.7% Ca) or Ca-treatment (1.5% Ca) based on calving order. Each animal was fed to appetite for 80 days postpartum with no difference (P > 0.05) occurring between treatments in intake when expressed as a percentage of body weight. Five animals from each treatment were exposed to a 5-day digestibility trial. No change in organic matter apparent digestibility occurred but there were higher (P < 0.05) levels of Ca and Fe, increased (P < 0.01) levels of Cu, and lower (P < 0.05) Zn and Mo apparent digestibilities for animals on the Ca-treatment. Fecal pH was higher (P < 0.05) in the Ca-treated cows indicating a buffering action of the added CaCO3. In the serum, Ca and Zn concentrations were higher (P < 0.01), Cu increased (P < 0.05), and P was lower (P < 0.01) than the levels for the control animals. Breed effects were discernible as both P and Cu were higher (P < 0.01) in the serum of Ayrshires than of Holsteins. No change (P < 0.05) was evident in the secretion of minerals into the milk but urinary P concentration was higher (P < 0.05) in the control group. CaCO3 supplementation of the diet allowed the animals to go from a negative to a positive Ca balance (P < 0.01) and increased (P < 0.05) the amount of P apparent retention. In all, six essential minerals had altered apparent digestibilities and/or serum concentrations with possible long-term effects on animal metabolism. Key words: Calcium, mineral balance, digestibility, serum, dairy cattle

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