scholarly journals A study of Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida species isolated from various clinical samples and their antifungal susceptibility pattern

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Shukla R ◽  
Reddy SG ◽  
Bilolikar AK
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern

scholarly journals ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTINGOF CANDIDA ISOLATES FROM VARIOUS CLINICAL SPECIMENS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, WESTERN RAJASTHAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 809-814
Author(s):  
Sandeep Arora ◽  
◽  
Smita Kulshreshtha ◽  
Usha Verma ◽  
Prameshwar Lal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Clinical Specimens

Background: Candida spp is a member of the normal flora of the skin, mucous membrane and gastrointestinal tract. Candida continues to be leading cause of morbidity and mortality in large population of immunocompromised and hospitalized patients. Invasive Candidiasis due to non-albicans candida has been on the rise in last few years. This study aims to Spectate Candida using chromogenic medium.The emerging pathogens are resistant to conventional antifungal therapy. Objective: To identify the various species of candida isolated from different clinical specimens and to compare the susceptibility pattern of these isolated species towards different antifungal agents. Methods: All Candida isolates recovered from various clinical samples during the period from September 2017 and august 2018 were studied., These isolates were subjected to grams stain, germ tube test and inoculation on commercially available CHROM agar (HiMedia India). Results: A total of 155 Candida species were isolated from the different clinical specimens of suspected candida infection cases. Most of the isolates obtained were from urine samples 93 (60%) followed by blood 26(16.77%). Non albicans Candida were isolated at a higher rate 101 (65.16%) than Candida albicans 54 (34.84%) . Among 101 non C. albicans, C. tropicalis 55 (35.48%) was the most common species followed by 19 (12.26%) C. parapsilosis. Among all species of Candida commonest isolate was C. tropicalis 55(35.48%) followed by C. albicans 54(34.83%). Candida species from various samples were high resistant to itraconazole (72.26%) followed by fluconazole(70.92%), voriconazole (68.39%) and ketoconazole (57.42%)while there was minimum resistance to amphotericin-B (20%).This study emphasizes the need for monitoring local epidemiologic data and antifungal susceptibility pattern of candida isolates for proper treatment. Conclusions: Along with Candida albicans, non-albicans candida spp like C. tropicalis, parapsilosis, C. krusei and C. glabrata are increasingly being isolated from clinical samples. CHROM agar is a simple, rapid and inexpensive method for identification of such species. Characterization to species level helps to identify species which might be intrinsically resistant to commonly used antifungal agents.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Candida species Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-335
Author(s):  
IA Lawal ◽  
OA Osinupebi ◽  
OV Adeosun
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: The presence of Candida species in the urine is termed candiduria, and it is a common form of urinary tract infection (UTI). Many other species of Candida organism apart from Candida albicans are known with increasing the occurrence of resistance to available antifungal agents. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and sensitivity pattern of Candida isolates obtained from urine samples of diagnosed urinary tract infections. Methods: Midstream urine of patients attending the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja Lagos, were collected and inoculated on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). Microbiological processing was done with Gram reaction, germ tube test, CHROME agar TM and sugar fermentation test using API 32C system. Antifungal susceptibility tests were done using the agar disc diffusion method. Results: Candida species were obtained from 36 (12.9%) of 280 patients with UTI. Candida albicans (CA) had the highest frequency (12; 33.3%) compared to 24 (66.7%) for Non-albicans Candida (NAC). The speciation of Candida using Chrome Agar showed some misidentification from the API32C identification, but there was a significant correlation between API32C and Chrome Agar methods (r = 0. 9793). Half of the C. albicans species were sensitive to fluconazole while C. hellenica was only sensitive to Nystatin. The C. parapsilopsis had the highest susceptibility pattern, with 86% and 71% for fluconazole and ketoconazole, respectively. Generally, ketoconazole had the highest effectiveness on Candida species. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the role of Candida species in UTIs and their high susceptibility to ketoconazole.

scholarly journals Molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility pattern of Candida species isolated from HIV infected Patients with candisiasis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sony Paul ◽  
Iyanar Kannan
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region

Background and Purpose: Opportunistic fungal infections have been on a growingtrend since the last two decades. Among the opportunistic fungal agents, Candidaspecies, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus fumigatus account for most of thelife-threatening infections in immunocompromised individuals. Regarding this, thepresent study aimed to investigate the molecular identification and antifungalsusceptibility pattern of Candida species isolated from HIV-infected patients.Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 80 clinical samples collectedfrom HIV-infected patients with suspected candidiasis referring to Tagore MedicalCollege and Hospital, Rathinamangalam and Government Hospital of ThoracicMedicine, in Chennai, India, for 18 months (i.e., May 2016-December 2017). Phenotypicand molecular identification was accomplished using internal transcribed spacer region 1(ITS1) and ITS4 primers. The antifungal susceptibility pattern of the isolates against fourantifungal agents was also determined by both disk diffusion and broth dilution methods.Results: In the present study, the prevalence of candidiasis was obtained as 75% (n=60).Candida tropicalis was the predominant identified species. All the emerging species(i.e., Kodamaea ohmeri, Hanseniaspora opuntiae, and C. orthopsilosis) were identifiedthrough molecular identification since the phenotypic identification was inconclusive. Interms of the susceptibility pattern, 63.3% and 18.3% of the isolates were resistant tofluconazole and voriconazole, respectively. Candida albicans was also found to beresistant to amphotericin B.Conclusion: Molecular assay led to the identification of K. ohmeri, H. opuntiae, and C.orthopsilosis, which were multidrug-resistant. This study highlighted the need for theprompt and timely identification of clinical yeast isolates given the emergence of manyrare species and their capability of causing life-threatening infections and outbreaks. Inthe laboratories where molecular diagnostic methods are not available, alternativeservices of reference laboratories can be utilized as cost-effective measures. With regardto the growing prevalence of antifungal drug resistance, antifungal susceptibility testingshould be made mandatory for effective patient management.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Candidiasis Infection & Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern at Tertiary Care Hospital, Jaipur

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Falguni Sharma ◽  
Ved Prakash Mamoria ◽  
Ekadashi Rajni Sabharwal ◽  
Richa Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Gandhi Medical College

Background: Candida species are among the most common fungal pathogens. They are ubiquitous yeasts found on plants and form the microbiota of the alimentary tract of mammals and the mucocutaneous membranes in humans. Methods: A total of 90 clinical samples were collected from Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Hospital, Jaipur over a period of one year. Primary identification is done by the direct smear examination by Gram’s staining and KOH mount and then further sub-cultured on SDA media.  Results: Out of 90 clinical specimens collected, most common form of Candidiasis seen was Candiduria type followed by blood cultures, swab, Endotracheal tube, sputum and Bronchialveolar lavage. The maximum number of patients were found in the age group of 21-30 years, followed by 51-60 years. Out of 90 patients, 48 (53.3%) were males and 42 (46.6%) were females. C. tropicalis (44.4%) was the predominant species followed by C. albicans and other species of Candida. Among 90 samples, 32% were Candida albicans and remaining 68% were Non albicans Candida species. Conclusion: The study found that C. tropicalis was sensitive against Micafungin & Caspofungin, showing a 100% sensitivity. Candida albicans showed 100% sensitivity against Flucytosine.

scholarly journals Speciation and antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida isolates in various clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunayana Mukesh Jangla ◽  
Raji Naidu ◽  
Sofia C. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Vaginal Swab ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Production Test ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Urease Test

Background: Over the last few years fungal infection rates have increased and a change is seen in their epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility pattern. Hence this study was conducted to learn the distribution of Candida species in various samples and their antifungal susceptibility pattern.Material and Methods: A total of 60Candida isolates were included in the study. Identification was done by colony morphology and Gram stain. Speciation was carried out by Germ-tube test, urease test, chlamydoconidia production test, colony characteristics on chromogenic agar medium, sugar assimilation test,sugar fermentation testand Vitek2 compact(Biomeriux, France) using ID-YST cards. Antifungal testing was done on Vitek2 compact using AST YS01 cards which included fluconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin b, caspofungin, micafungin and flucytosine.Results: 60 Candida isolates were included in this study. Samples from which Candida species were isolated were sputum (45%), urine (33.5%), pus (12%), vaginal swab (5%), endotracheal secretion (1.5%), blood (1.5%) and tissue (1.5%). Isolates from males and females were 30% and 70% respectively. Isolates from geriatric age group (>65 years) and adults (18-65 years) were 52% and 48% respectively. Isolates from samples received from IPD, OPD and ICU were 58%, 34% and 8% respectively. Out of all isolates, Candida albicans was 58%, Candida tropicalis 20%, Candida glabrata 10%, Candida parapsilosis 9% and Candida krusei3%. All Candida species (except Candidaglabrata) showed 100% sensitivity to amphotericin b and caspofungin. Sensitivity to azole group of drugs was 100% among NAC except C. glabrata and C. krusei and more than 90% among C. albicans.Conclusion: Candida albicans was the commonest isolate followed by C. tropicalis among the NAC. Overall also, C. Albicans were predominant as compared to Non albicans Candida (NAC) species. All Candidaisolates except (C. glabrata) showed good sensitivity to all antifungals.

The yeast, the antifungal, and the wardrobe: a journey into antifungal resistance mechanisms of Candida tropicalis

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 377-388
Author(s):  
Jonathas Sales de Oliveira ◽  
Vandbergue Santos Pereira ◽  
Débora de Souza Collares Maia Castelo-Branco ◽  
Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro ◽  
José Júlio Costa Sidrim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Antifungal Resistance ◽  
Resistant Strains

Candida tropicalis is a prominent non-Candida albicans Candida species involved in cases of candidemia, mainly causing infections in patients in intensive care units and (or) those presenting neutropenia. In recent years, several studies have reported an increase in the recovery rates of azole-resistant C. tropicalis isolates. Understanding C. tropicalis resistance is of great importance, since resistant strains are implicated in persistent or recurrent and breakthrough infections. In this review, we address the main mechanisms underlying C. tropicalis resistance to the major antifungal classes used to treat candidiasis. The main genetic basis involved in C. tropicalis antifungal resistance is discussed. A better understanding of the epidemiology of resistant strains and the mechanisms involved in C. tropicalis resistance can help improve diagnosis and assessment of the antifungal susceptibility of this Candida species to improve clinical management.

scholarly journals Distribution, antifungal susceptibility pattern and intra-Candida albicans species complex prevalence of Candida africana: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. e0237046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaz Aghaei Gharehbolagh ◽  
Bahareh Fallah ◽  
Alireza Izadi ◽  
Zeinab Sadeghi Ardestani ◽  
Pooneh Malekifar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Candida Africana

scholarly journals Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Non - Dermatophytic Fungi Causing Onychomycosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Apurva Kaushal ◽  
Pratik Gahalaut ◽  
R K Goyal ◽  
Neni Agarwal ◽  
Nitin Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Species ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Aspergillus Species ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anti Fungal

Introduction: Non-dermatophytic molds (NDM) are filamentous fungi or yeast, commonly found in nature as saprophytes and plant pathogens. The incidence of onychomycosis due to NDM is 1.45 – 16.6%. NDMs are usually resistant to conventional antifungal treatment. Objective: To know the anti-fungal susceptibility pattern of non-dermatophyte fungi causing onychomycosis.  Materials and Methods: A prospective hospital based cross-sectional study was done on non - dermatophytic isolates from patients with clinical suspicion of onychomycosis. All non – dermatophytic isolates were subjected to anti-fungal susceptibility against terbinafine, itraconazole, fluconazole and griseofulvin by micro broth dilution method.  Results: NDM were isolated in 20.2% cases of clinically suspected onychomycosis, among which Fusarium species was the most common followed by Aspergillus species and Candida species. MIC50 (Mean Inhibitory Concentration) for overall non - dermatophytic isolates for terbinafine, itraconazole, fluconazole and griseofulvin was 0.25μg/mL, 0.5μg/mL, 32μg/mL and 2μg/mL respectively and the order of sensitivity was Itraconazole (74.7%) > terbinafine (68%) > Fluconazole (60%) > Griseofulvin (51.6%) of the study samples. For Fusarium species, the  sensitivity for terbinafine was (73.5%) > itraconazole (67.6%) > fluconazole (64.7%) and griseofulvin (64.7%). For Aspergillus species, the sensitivity for itraconazole was 79.1% > fluconazole (58.3%) > terbinafine (54.1%) > griseofulvin (50%). For Candida species, the sensitivity was fluconazole (83.3%) > itraconazole (75%) > terbinafine (41.6%), while no candida species was found sensitive to griseofulvin.  Conclusion: Non-dermatophytes play a significant role in onychomycosis. On in vitro estimation, Itraconazole was the most sensitive drug, followed by terbinafine, fluconazole and griseofulvin.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document