scholarly journals A comparative study: Results of rapid antigen detection assay and real time RT-PCR for diagnosis of COVID-19 in a tertiary care hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (S1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Banerjee J ◽  
Reddy SG ◽  
Darapuneni RC ◽  
Bilolikar AK
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antigen Detection ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Rapid Antigen Detection Test ◽  
Detection Assay ◽  
Study Results

Introduction: December 2019, witnessed the emergence of a novel coronavirus in human population. Later named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has since spread across the globe and results into coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate COVID-19 infection positivity rate, its age and gender wise prevalence and to compare the results of rapid antigen detection test with gold standard real time RT-PCR for early detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus. Methods: An observational study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana. Results: A total of 208 patients’ specimens (nasopharyngeal swab) were compared within a period of one and half month. Infection positivity rate was observed as 26.92% (n=56). Our study revealed that among all 56 COVID-19 positive patients, 60.71% (n=34) were symptomatic whereas 39.2% (n=22) were asymptomatic. Conclusion: We conclude that after comparing with real time RT-PCR, antigen detection assay is not as sensitive as molecular test especially during the early stages of infection but this has potential to become an important tool for mass screening for COVID-19 and can be considered as fast and economic diagnostic tools in the remote areas where the laboratory facilities for molecular tests are not accessible. Keywords: COVID-19; pandemic; nasopharyngeal swab; rapid antigen detection assay; real time RT-PCR

scholarly journals Vertical transmission and clinical outcome of the neonates born to SARS-CoV-2-positive mothers: a tertiary care hospital-based observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e001193
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Fadila ◽  
Arun Prasad ◽  
Ambrin Akhtar ◽  
Bhabesh Kant Chaudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Rt Pcr

BackgroundNeonatal transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from positive mothers to their babies has been a real concern, opening the arena of research in this area.ObjectiveTo detect the possibility of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from COVID-19-positive mothers to their neonates and the clinicopathological outcome in them.DesignA single-centre, prospective, observational study involving 47 COVID-19-positive mothers and their neonates.SettingA tertiary care hospital in Eastern India.ParticipantsNeonates born to SARS-CoV-2-infected mothers.Main outcome measuresWe investigated the SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate by real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) done twice (on admission and after 24 hours of admission) in neonates born to SARS-CoV-2-positive mothers, who tested RT-PCR positive for this virus in their nasopharyngeal swab. Clinical outcome was also assessed in these neonates during their hospital stay.ResultsOut of 47 neonates born to SARS-CoV-2-positive mothers, four were SARS-CoV-2 positive by RT-PCR. All the neonates in our study were discharged home in stable condition after management of acute complications. None of them required readmission.ConclusionVertical transmission occurs in neonates born to COVID-19-positive mothers; however, the risk is small. Majority of the neonates remain asymptomatic with good clinical outcome.

MOLECULAR DETECTION OF COVID -19 BY TRUENAT RT-PCR IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN DELHI NCR REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Alosha Sharma ◽  
Maneesh Goyal ◽  
Ritu Agarwal ◽  
Neha Goel ◽  
Divyaansh Shridhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Viral Lysis

Introduction: COVID-19 is a severe infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) affected lives of millions of people , responsible for millions of death affecting health care systems worldwide seriously. To diagnose Aims and Objectives: COVID -19 infection in a tertiary care hospital using TrueNat RTPCR and to categorise and co - relate various Ct values with viral load. Material and Methods: Oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swab specimens were collected from the patients following standard protocols and were inserted into the viral lysis medium tube. Specimen is transferred from viral lysis medium to automatic extracted device for extraction of RNA and then into RT-PCR analyser for reaction to start automatically. Test detects the screening E gene and conrmatory RdRp /Orf1a gene and human RNase P. Of the 1025 patients subjected to COVID - 19- RTPCR 630 (61%) were male Results : s and 395 (39%) were females. 26% (269/1025) of patients were conrmed COVID positive and 72% (747/1025) were negative. Age group 21-30 showed maximum positive cases followed by age group 51-60 years. High viral load was seen in 41% cases whereas maximum no. of conrmed positive had low viral loads. Rapid and Conclusion: accurate diagnostic methods are required for early detection along with precautionary measures for timely therapeutic interventions and prophylaxis to control and prevent the Spread of highly contagious COVID-19.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Overview of 473 Cases of COVID-19: Outcome Experiences of a Dedicated Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Perveen RA ◽  
Nasir M ◽  
Ferdous J ◽  
Murshed M ◽  
Nazneen R ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Severe Group

Aim: The study aimed to observe and compare the demographic, comorbidities, biomarkers in different categories of diagnosed COVID-19 patients admitted to a COVID dedicated tertiary care hospital in the pic time of the pandemic, 2020, at Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted from May to September 2020 in 720 bed Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital. Four hundred seventy-three patients included in this study, diagnosed by RT-PCR of the nasopharyngeal swab, were divided into four groups. The mild group includes 254 patients, the moderate group has 82 patients, 38 patents in the severe group, and the critical group who were admitted to ICU, 99 patients. Demographic data, available investigation reports of individual patients, obtained from hospital records manually and compared between all four different categories of patients.

scholarly journals Chest Radiograph (CXR) Manifestations of the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) — A Mini-Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai Yee Chan ◽  
Marlina Tanty Ramli Hamid ◽  
Nadia Fareeda Muhammad Gowdh ◽  
Kartini Rahmat ◽  
Nur Adura Yaakup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Progression ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is highly contagious and has claimed more than one million lives, besides causing hardship and disruptions. The Fleischner Society has recommended chest X-ray (CXR) in detecting cases with high risk for disease progression, for triaging suspected patients with moderate-to-severe illness, and to eliminate false negatives in areas with high pre-test probability or limited resources. Although CXR is less sensitive than real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in detecting mild COVID-19, it is nevertheless useful because of equipment portability, low cost and practicality in serial assessments of disease progression among hospitalized patients. Objective: This study aims to review the typical and relatively atypical CXR manifestations of COVID-19 pneumonia in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: The CXRs of 136 COVID-19 patients confirmed through real-time RT-PCR from March to May 2020 were reviewed. Literature search was performed using PubMed. Results: A total of 54 patients had abnormal CXR whilst the others were normal. Typical CXR findings included pulmonary consolidation or ground-glass opacities in a multifocal, bilateral peripheral or lower zone distribution, whereas atypical CXR features comprised cavitation and pleural effusion. Conclusion: Typical findings of COVID-19 infection in chest computed tomography studies can also be seen in CXR. The presence of atypical features is associated with worse disease outcome. Recognition of these features on CXR will improve accuracy and speed of diagnosing COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Profiling of Antibody Response in Patients With COVID-19 in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Beijing, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Feng ◽  
Jiming Yin ◽  
Jiaying Zhang ◽  
Yaling Hu ◽  
Yabo Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients

The novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused a global pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which elicits a wide variety of symptoms, ranging from mild to severe, with the potential to lead to death. Although used as the standard method to screen patients for SARS-CoV-2 infection, real-time PCR has challenges in dealing with asymptomatic patients and those with an undetectable viral load. Serological tests are therefore considered potent diagnostic tools to complement real-time PCR-based diagnosis and are used for surveillance of seroprevalence in populations. However, the dynamics of the antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 currently remain to be investigated. Here, through analysis of plasma samples from 84 patients with COVID-19, we observed that the response of virus-specific antibodies against three important antigens, RBD, N and S, dynamically changed over time and reached a peak 5–8 weeks after the onset of symptoms. The antibody responses were irrespective of sex. Severe cases were found to have higher levels of antibody response, larger numbers of inflammatory cells and C-reactive protein levels. Within the mild/moderate cases, pairwise comparison indicated moderate association between anti-RBD vs. anti-N, anti-RBD vs. anti-S1S2, and anti-N vs. anti-S1S2. Furthermore, the majority of cases could achieve IgM and IgG seroconversion at 2 weeks since the disease onset. Analysis of neutralizing antibodies indicated that these responses were able to last for more than 112 days but decline significantly after the peak. In summary, our findings demonstrate the longitudinally dynamic changes in antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2, which can contribute to the knowledge of humoral immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection and are informative for future development of vaccine and antibody-based therapies.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Sofia and Veritor Direct Antigen Detection Assay Systems for Identification of Influenza Viruses from Patient Nasopharyngeal Specimens

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1345-1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Leonardi ◽  
A. M. Wilson ◽  
I. Mitrache ◽  
A. R. Zuretti
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Antigen Detection ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Detection Assay

Influenza antigen detection assays (Sofia fluorescent immunoassay [FIA] and Veritor) yield objective results, which are potentially useful for point-of-care testing. The assays were evaluated with reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) using 411 nasopharyngeal swab specimens. Sensitivity and specificity values (percentages) of 79.0/99.0 and 64.0/99.4 for influenza A and 92.9/96.7 and 78.6/98.7 for influenza B were obtained for the Sofia and Veritor assays, respectively.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Detection to Expand Testing Capacity for COVID-19: Results from a Hospital Emergency Department Testing Site

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1211
Author(s):  
Giulia Menchinelli ◽  
Giulia De Angelis ◽  
Margherita Cacaci ◽  
Flora Marzia Liotti ◽  
Marcello Candelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antigen Detection ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Hospital Emergency Department ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Hospital Emergency ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Antigen Testing

Background: SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection has currently expanded the testing capacity for COVID-19, which yet relies on the SARS-CoV-2 RNA RT-PCR amplification. Objectives: To report on a COVID-19 testing algorithm from a tertiary care hospital emergency department (ED) that combines both antigen (performed on the ED) and RT-PCR (performed outside the ED) testing. Methods: Between December 2020 and January 2021, in a priori designated, spatially separated COVID-19 or non-COVID-19 ED areas, respectively, symptomatic or asymptomatic patients received SARS-CoV-2 antigen testing on nasopharyngeal swab samples. Antigen results were promptly accessible to guide subsequent, outside performed confirmatory (RT-PCR) testing. Results: Overall, 1083 (100%) of 1083 samples in the COVID-19 area and 1815 (49.4%) of 3670 samples in the non-COVID-19 area had antigen results that required confirmation by RT-PCR. Antigen positivity rates were 12.4% (134/1083) and 3.7% (66/1815), respectively. Compared to RT-PCR testing results, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of antigen testing were, respectively, 68.0%, 98.3%, 88.8%, and 94.1% in the COVID-19 area, and 41.9%, 97.3%, 27.3%, and 98.6% in non-COVID-19 area. Practically, RT-PCR tests were avoided in 50.6% (1855/3670) of non-COVID-19 area samples (all antigen negative) from patients who, otherwise, would have needed antigen result confirmation. Conclusions: Our algorithm had value to preserve RT-PCR from avoidable usage and, importantly, to save time, which translated into a timely RT-PCR result availability in the COVID-19 area.

scholarly journals Relationship between trajectories of post-stroke disability and self-rated health (NeuroAdapt): protocol for a prospective observational study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e049944
Author(s):  
Sarah K Schäfer ◽  
Robert Fleischmann ◽  
Bettina von Sarnowski ◽  
Dominic Bläsing ◽  
Agnes Flöel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Modifying Factors ◽  
Study Results

IntroductionStroke is the leading neurological cause of adult long-term disability in Europe. Even though functional consequences directly related to neurological impairment are well studied, post-stroke trajectories of functional health according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health are poorly understood. Particularly, no study investigated the relationship between post-stroke trajectories of activities of daily living (ADL) and self-rated health (SRH). However, such knowledge is of major importance to identify patients at risk of unfavourable courses. This prospective observational study aims to investigate trajectories of ADL and SRH, and their modifying factors in the course of the first year after stroke.Methods and analysisThe study will consecutively enrol 300 patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital with acute ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA; Age, Blood Pressure, Clinical Features, Duration of symptoms, Diabetes score ≥3). Patient inclusion is planned from May 2021 to September 2022. All participants will complete an interview assessing ADL, SRH, mental health, views on ageing and resilience-related concepts. Participants will be interviewed face-to-face 1–5 days post-stroke/TIA in the hospital; and will be followed up after 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months via telephone. The 12-month follow-up will also include a neurological assessment. Primary endpoints are ADL operationalised by modified Rankin Scale scores and SRH. Secondary outcomes are further measures of ADL, functional health, physical activity, falls and fatigue. Views on ageing, social support, resilience-related concepts, affect, frailty, illness perceptions and loneliness will be examined as modifying factors. Analyses will investigate the bidirectional relationship between SRH and ADL using bivariate latent change score models.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the institutional review board of the University Medicine Greifswald (Ref. BB 237/20). The results will be disseminated through scientific publications, conferences and media. Moreover, study results and potential implications will be discussed with patient representatives.Trial registration numberNCT04704635.

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