GED Privatization as a Social Determinant of Health

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Page-Reeves ◽  
Enrique Cardiel
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Neoliberal Restructuring ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Social Determinant Of Health ◽  
Improve Health

This article explores a novel place-based effort to improve health outcomes in a ten-square block neighborhood in Albuquerque, New Mexico by assisting people with obtaining a GED. Research conducted as a community-engaged study documents the history and preliminary outcomes of the initiative and how, in the context of the recent privatization of the GED, the welfare of individuals intersects with neoliberal politics. This research offers a timely investigation of the relationship between health and education in the context of ongoing neoliberal restructuring.

scholarly journals Reactions to Diversity: Using Theater to Teach Medical Students about Cultural Diversity

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. JMECD.S37986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberley D Ivory ◽  
Paul Dwyer ◽  
Georgina Luscombe
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Diversity Training ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Cultural Humility ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Interactive Exercises ◽  
Social Determinant Of Health

Training medical students to understand the effects of culture and marginalization on health outcomes is important to the future health of increasingly diverse populations. We devised and evaluated a short training module on working with diversity to challenge students’ thinking about the role of both patient and practitioner culture in health outcomes. The workshop combined didactic teaching about culture as a social determinant of health using the cultural humility model, interactive exercises, and applied theater techniques. We evaluated changes in the students’ perceptions and attitudes over time using the Reaction to Diversity Inventory. There was initial significant improvement. Women and students with no past diversity training responded best. However, scores largely reverted to baseline over 12 months.

Invited Commentary: Religion as a Social Determinant of Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 189 (12) ◽  
pp. 1461-1463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ichiro Kawachi
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
It Service ◽  
Broad Agreement ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Social Determinant Of Health ◽  
Service Attendance

Abstract There is broad agreement that religion is a social determinant of health. In the article by Chen and VanderWeele (Am J Epidemiol. 2018;187(11):2355–2364), the authors took an outcome-wide approach to demonstrate associations between religious practices early in the life course (regular service attendance and prayer/mediation) and a wide range of health endpoints and behaviors later on. Is religion a panacea? The study adds to the evidence that religious practices are correlated with a broad swath of health outcomes. However, more work is needed to translate that evidence into practicable advice for individuals and for society. The following tasks remain. 1) We must sharpen our understanding of which elements of religious practices promote health. (Specifically, is it service attendance, prayer, or both? Could a nonreligious person achieve the same benefit via regular participation in a secular group, like a choir?). 2) We should improve our understanding of the different contexts in which religion is likely to have beneficial, as well as potentially harmful, effects.

Culture, a Social Determinant of Health and Risk: Considerations for Health and Risk Messaging

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliet Iwelunmor ◽  
Collins Airhihenbuwa
Keyword(s):  
Health Communication ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Cultural Frameworks ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Determinant Of Health ◽  
Improve Health

We provide an overview on the role of culture in addressing the social determinants of health and risk. The fact that everyone is influenced by a set of locally defined forms of behavior means that while not overtly expressed, culture’s effects can be ubiquitous, influencing everything including the conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live, and age, and the wider set of forces and systems shaping health and risk messaging. While the dynamic nature of culture is underestimated and often not reflected in most research, efforts to close the gap on social determinants of health and risk will require greater clarity on what culture is and how it impacts culture-sensitive health communication. Thus, the paper begins by reviewing why culture is so vital and relevant to any attempts to improve health and reduce health inequalities. We discuss what is meant by the term “culture” through a narrative synthesis of historical and recent progress in definitions of culture. We conclude by describing three distinct cultural frameworks for health that illustrate how culture can be effectively used as a vehicle through which to address culturally sensitive health communication in local and global contexts. Overall, we believe that culture is indispensable and important for addressing inequalities and inequities in health as well as for facilitating culture-sensitive health communication strategies that will ultimately close the gap on the social determinants of health and risk.

‘I can speak on this here’: empowerment within an Aboriginal adult literacy campaign

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Frances Williamson ◽  
Bob Boughton
Keyword(s):  
Adult Literacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Literacy Campaign ◽  
Learning To Read ◽  
Australian Aboriginal ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Social Determinant Of Health

Abstract This case study details the impacts of an Aboriginal-led adult literacy campaign in Brewarrina between 2015 and 2017. Forming part of a wider investigation into literacy as a social determinant of health, the study explores the relationship between involvement in the literacy campaign and the capacity of graduates to take greater control of the conditions affecting their lives. Empowerment is used here as the central explanatory construct despite robust criticism of theoretical slippage. We argue that empowerment remains relevant particularly in the context of ongoing and entrenched disenfranchisement of the low-literate in Australian Aboriginal communities. Drawing on in-depth ‘yarning’ interviews, we find strong evidence of individual empowerment among graduates of the adult literacy campaign, particularly in terms of increased self-control and confidence. However, collective change such as increased participation and organisation at the community level is less apparent. This finding underscores two important aspects of empowerment. Firstly, like learning to read and write, the task of regaining personal and collective power can be a slow and difficult undertaking. Secondly, achieving empowerment is intimately linked to addressing the causes of disempowerment. This ultimately means tackling those power relations which impact choices, opportunities and well-being beyond the borders of individual's lives and communities.

Title: Pain and poverty: Disparities by poverty level in the experience of pain-related interference

Pain Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica M Keralis
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Medical Expenditure Panel Survey ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Social Determinant Of Health

Abstract Objective To assess the relationship between poverty and pain-related interference. Subjects Data on a sample of 108,259 adults aged 18 and older from the Household Component of the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) from 2013-2017 were analyzed. Methods I assess the odds of reporting any pain-related interference, as well as increasing levels of pain-related interference, using binary and ordinal logistic regression, respectively. Results After controlling for covariates, the analysis showed a significant association between poverty and pain-related interference, with more severe levels of poverty associated with increased odds of reporting any pain-related interference as well as increased levels of pain-related interference. However, Hispanics were less likely to report any pain-related interference overall, and more severe levels of poverty were associated with decreased odds of reporting pain among Hispanics. Conclusion Policy makers should regard poverty as a social determinant of health, taking poverty and socioeconomic status into consideration when designing health policies.

Employment as a Social Determinant of Health: A Review of Longitudinal Studies Exploring the Relationship Between Employment Status and Mental Health

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth C. Hergenrather ◽  
Robert J. Zeglin ◽  
Maureen McGuire-Kuletz ◽  
Scott D. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Social Determinant Of Health

Purpose: To explore employment as a social determinant of health through examining the relationship between employment status and mental health.Method: The authors conducted a systematic review of 48 longitudinal studies conducted in Australia, Canada, Croatia, Germany, Ireland, Israel, the Netherlands, Norway, United Kingdom, and United States to explore the causal relationship between employment status and mental health.Results: Five common trajectories were identified as employment, unemployment, job loss, reemployment, and retired. Employment and reemployment were associated with better mental health (e.g., lower psychological distress, lower depression, lower anxiety), whereas unemployment and job loss were correlated with poorer mental health (e.g., higher depression, higher psychological distress).Conclusion: To enhance employment outcomes, service providers must acknowledge the relationship between employment status and mental health. The trajectories of employment and reemployment should be further explored by category (e.g., temporary, adequacy, income, skill level, hours, status). Additional research is needed to further elucidate the relationship between employment status and mental health.

scholarly journals Are Sarcopenia and Cognitive Dysfunction Comorbid after Stroke in the Context of Brain–Muscle Crosstalk?

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Sophia X. Sui ◽  
Brenton Hordacre ◽  
Julie A. Pasco
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Physiological Pathways ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Improve Health

Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability and is responsible for a significant economic burden. Sarcopenia and cognitive dysfunction are common consequences of stroke, but there is less awareness of the concurrency of these conditions. In addition, few reviews are available to guide clinicians and researchers on how to approach sarcopenia and cognitive dysfunction as comorbidities after stroke, including how to assess and manage them and implement interventions to improve health outcomes. This review synthesises current knowledge about the relationship between post-stroke sarcopenia and cognitive dysfunction, including the physiological pathways, assessment tools, and interventions involved.

Employment as a Social Determinant of Health: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies Exploring the Relationship Between Employment Status and Physical Health

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth C. Hergenrather ◽  
Robert J. Zeglin ◽  
Maureen McGuire-Kuletz ◽  
Scott D. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Social Determinant Of Health

Purpose:To explore employment as a social determinant of health through examining the relationship between employment status and physical health.Method:The authors explored the causal relationship between employment status and physical health through conducting a systematic review of 22 longitudinal studies conducted in Finland, France, the Netherlands, Nigeria, Sweden, United Kingdom, and the United States.Results:Five common trajectories were identified as employment, unemployment, job loss, reemployment, and retired. Unemployment and job loss were associated with poorer physical health. Employment and reemployment were associated with better physical health.Conclusion:To enhance employment outcomes, it is important for service providers to acknowledge the interaction between the client’s physical health and employment status, and assess client physical functioning. Additional research is necessary to further elucidate this interaction.

scholarly journals Inequities in mental health and mental healthcare between international immigrants and locals in Chile: a narrative review

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Blukacz ◽  
Báltica Cabieses ◽  
Niina Markkula
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Health Inequities ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
International Migrants ◽  
Social Determinant Of Health

Abstract Mental health in a context of international migration is a particularly pressing issue, as migration is recognised as a social determinant of physical and mental health. As Chile is increasingly becoming a receiving country of South-South migration, immigrants face mental health inequities, with regards to outcomes and access to care. In order to identify and synthetize mental healthcare inequities faced by international migrants with regards to locals in Chile, a narrative review of the literature on national mental healthcare policies in Chile and a narrative review of the literature on migrants’ mental healthcare in Chile were conducted, with a focus on describing mental health outcomes, policy environment and persisting gaps and barriers for both topics. The existing literature on mental healthcare in Chile, both for the general population and for international migrants, following the social determinant of health framework and categorised in terms of i) Inequities in mental health outcomes; ii) Description of the mental health policy environment and iii) Identification of the main barriers to access mental healthcare. Despite incremental policy efforts to improve the reach of mental healthcare in Chile, persisting inequities are identified for both locals and international migrants: lack of funding and low prioritisation, exacerbation of social vulnerability in the context of a mixed health insurance system, and inadequacy of mental healthcare services. International migrants may experience specific layers of vulnerability linked to migration as a social determinant of health, nested in a system that exacerbates social vulnerability. Based on the findings, the article discusses how mental health is a privilege for migrant populations as well as locals experiencing layers of social vulnerability in the Chilean context. International migrants’ access to comprehensive and culturally relevant mental healthcare in Chile and other countries is an urgent need in order to contribute to reducing social vulnerability and fostering mechanisms of social inclusion. International migration, social determinants of mental health, mental health inequities, social vulnerability, review.

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