scholarly journals Formation of the phenomenon of stigmatization against individuals affected in emergencies from representatives of various social groups

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.M. Zakharova ◽  
A.S. Baeva ◽  
I.V. Gurin ◽  
V.V. Shkurko
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Social Stereotypes ◽  
Personality Vulnerability ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town ◽  
Post Stress

In this article the authors consider the phenomenon of stigmatization as one of the unfavorable socio-psychological results of emergency situations raising the level of personality vulnerability though not studied enough so far. A study was made to reveal stigmatization with relation to persons who had suffered from emergency situations, among the inhabitants of the two regions exposed to terroristic attacks: that of North Ossetiya (the town of Beslan and the city of Vladikavkaz) and the Central Region (the city of Moscow). Analysis of the obtained data permitted one to make a conclusion of the presence of signs of stigmatization in both groups of respondents, of insufficient awareness in society of the specificities of individual forms of response to stress, of manifestations of post-stress mental disorders, as well as a transfer of social stereotypes related to persons with mental disorders to the victims. Socio-demographic factors causing outward stigmatization have been defined. A degree of expression of stigmatization tendencies depends on a respondent’s social status as well as on the past traumatic experience.

scholarly journals Od znikania do odpominania

Politeja ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1(70)) ◽  
pp. 179-196
Author(s):  
Barbara Wieżgowiec
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
World War ◽  
Mining Town ◽  
Ghost Town ◽  
The World ◽  
Post War ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town

From Disappearance to Re-Remembrance. Post-Memory Narration about Miedzianka Miedzianka – a lower Silesian village, earlier: mining town and a leisure-tourist resort, ger. Kupferberg. It is said that it is a ghost-town, which has (almost) diaappeared. Some traces, however, remained – a church, photography or human memories – both from before World War II, of German citizens and after the world war of polish inhabitants. All of them are connected by the traumatic experience that combines post-war resettlement and the destruction of the town. The memory of Miedzianka was not destroyed, though, being passed to next generations. One of the voices of this post-memory can be found in the report by Filip Springer, Miedzianka: Story of Disappearing in 2011. This book quickly became recognised ensuing an increasing interest in the town, its history and fate, making new post-memory narrations to appear, which I describe as „post-memory practice”. One of them is Miasto, którego nie było (The City, which didn’t exist). What and how do these books tell us about Miedzianka? In what sense do these alternative but interpenetrating narrations influence the perception of this place, as well as the memory of it? These questions are the basis of the reflections leading to a display of relations between man and his oblivion/memory and the place. The literature, however, or widely art, having the power to preserve memory and therefore to save, allows the showcasing of the transformation of the town: its history, disappearance, and finally transubstantiation into a place of memory, which is created mainly by the second and third generations – heritage depositories.

Impact of the urban construction solutions on the safety population

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
R. D. Oktyabrskiy
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Residential Development ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Urban Construction ◽  
Safety Population ◽  
Peace And War ◽  
The City

The article is devoted to the justification of the need to reduce the population density in the residential development of cities. The analysis of vulnerability of the urban population from threats of emergency situations of peace and war time, and also an assessment of provision of the city by a road network is given. Proposals have been formulated to reduce the vulnerability of the urban population in the long term and to eliminate traffic congestion and congestion — jams.

Evaluation of Road Utilisation as Space For Holding Social Ceremonies in Indigenous Residential Area of Ogbomoso, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (March 2018) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A Okanlawon ◽  
O.O Odunjo ◽  
S.A Olaniyan
Keyword(s):  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Noisy Environment ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Core ◽  
Local Roads ◽  
Strict Enforcement ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The One ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town

This study examined Residents’ evaluation of turning transport infrastructure (road) to spaces for holding social ceremonies in the indigenous residential zone of Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria. Upon stratifying the city into the three identifiable zones, the core, otherwise known as the indigenous residential zone was isolated for study. Of the twenty (20) political wards in the two local government areas of the town, fifteen (15) wards that were located in the indigenous zone constituted the study area. Respondents were selected along one out of every three (33.3%) of the Trunk — C (local) roads being the one mostly used for the purpose in the study area. The respondents were the residents, commercial motorists, commercial motorcyclists, and celebrants. Six hundred and forty-two (642) copies of questionnaire were administered and harvested on the spot. The Mean Analysis generated from the respondents’ rating of twelve perceived hazards listed in the questionnaire were then used to determine respondents’ most highly rated perceived consequences of the practice. These were noisy environment, Blockage of drainage by waste, and Endangering the life of the sick on the way to hospital; the most highly rated reasons why the practice came into being; and level of acceptability of the practice which was found to be very unacceptable in the study area. Policy makers should therefore focus their attention on strict enforcement of the law prohibiting the practice in order to ensure more cordial relationship among the citizenry, seeing citizens’ unacceptability of the practice in the study area.

Forecasting the fl ood situation using space images in the city of Tavda Sverdlovsk region

2018 ◽  
Vol 934 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
A.S. Bruskova ◽  
T.I. Levitskaya ◽  
D.M. Haydukova
Keyword(s):  
Water Levels ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Geoinformation System ◽  
Space Images ◽  
Geoinformation Systems ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
The City

Flooding is a dangerous phenomenon, causing emergency situations and causing material damage, capable of damaging health, and even death of people. To reduce the risk and economic damage from flooding, it is necessary to forecast flooding areas. An effective method of forecasting emergency situations due to flooding is the method of remote sensing of the Earth with integration into geoinformation systems. With the help of satellite imagery, a model of flooding was determined based on the example of Tavda, the Sverdlovsk Region. Space images are loaded into the geoinformation system and on their basis a series of thematic layers is created, which contains information about the zones of possible flooding at given water level marks. The determination of the area of flooding is based on the calculation of the availability of maximum water levels at hydrological stations. According to the calculated security data, for each hydrological post, flood zones are constructed by interpolation between pre-calculated flood zones of standard security. The results of the work can be used by the Main Directorate of the Ministry for Emergency Situations of Russia for the Sverdlovsk Region.

scholarly journals Does seeing a psychologist reduce sickness absence due to mental disorders? A quasi-experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Lahti ◽  
J Harkko ◽  
H Sumanen ◽  
K Piha ◽  
O Pietiläinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Work Ability ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Matched Sample ◽  
Full Sample ◽  
Common Support ◽  
The City ◽  
Quasi Experiment

Abstract Background Mental ill-health in young adults is a major public health and work-life problem. We examined in a quasi-experimental design whether occupational psychologist appointment can reduce subsequent sickness absence due to mental disorders among young Finnish employees. Methods The present study was conducted among 18-39-year-old employees of the City of Helsinki using register data from the City of Helsinki and the Social lnsurance Institution of Finland. We used Wald test to compare the differences in sickness absence days due to mental disorders (ICD-10, F-diagnosed) between those treated (occupational psychologist appointment for work ability support) and the non-treated (no psychologist appointment) during a one year follow-up. The full sample (n = 2156, 84% women) consisted of employees with mental disorder diagnosed sickness absence during 2009-2014. To account for the systematic differences between the treated and non-treated, the participants were matched according to their characteristics (age, sex, occupational class, education, previous sickness absence and psychotropic medication). The matched sample included 886 participants. We excluded those with treatment before the treatment screening time (± 3 months to the end of sickness absence period), non-treated with treatment during the follow-up and those that could not be matched (lack of common support). Results In the full sample, the mean of sickness absence days due to mental disorders was 17.7 (95% CI, 11.4, 24.1) days for those treated (n = 240) and 23.2 (95% CI, 20.5, 25.9) days for non-treated (n = 1916), difference being non-significant. The corresponding figures in the matched sample were (16.8, 95% CI, 9.5-24.1) for those treated (n = 195) and (27.8, 95% CI, 22.6-32.9) for non-treated (n = 691), difference being statistically significant (p = 0.02). Conclusions This quasi-experiment suggests that seeing an occupational psychologist to support work ability may be reduce mental health related sickness absence. Key messages We showed that supporting work ability at an early stage may prevent sickness absence due to mental disorders. More efforts to provide early stage support for maintaining work ability may prove useful in reducing sickness absence rates in younger employees.

The Church, the City, and Modernity

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
Florian Mazel
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Political History ◽  
The State ◽  
Protestant Reformation ◽  
Binary Opposition ◽  
Institutional Church ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town ◽  
The Church ◽  
Political Figure

Dominique Iogna-Prat’s latest book, Cité de Dieu, cité des hommes. L’Église et l’architecture de la société, 1200–1500, follows on both intellectually and chronologically from La Maison Dieu. Une histoire monumentale de l’Église au Moyen Âge (v. 800–v. 1200). It presents an essay on the emergence of the town as a symbolic and political figure of society (the “city of man”) between 1200 and 1700, and on the effects of this development on the Church, which had held this function before 1200. This feeds into an ambitious reflection on the origins of modernity, seeking to move beyond the impasse of political philosophy—too quick to ignore the medieval centuries and the Scholastic moment—and to relativize the effacement of the institutional Church from the Renaissance on. In so doing, it rejects the binary opposition between the Church and the state, proposes a new periodization of the “transition to modernity,” and underlines the importance of spatial issues (mainly in terms of representation). This last element inscribes the book in the current of French historiography that for more than a decade has sought to reintroduce the question of space at the heart of social and political history. Iogna-Prat’s stimulating demonstration nevertheless raises some questions, notably relating to the effects of the Protestant Reformation, the increasing power of states, and the process of “secularization.” Above all, it raises the issue of how a logic of the polarization of space was articulated with one of territorialization in the practices of government and the structuring of society—two logics that were promoted by the ecclesial institution even before states themselves.

A Greek Carnival

1919 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 110-115
Author(s):  
D. S. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Good Night ◽  
The World ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town

In the discussion of Greek dramatic origins, a curious passage of Apuleius has never, so far as I know, been mentioned.In the second book of the Metamorphoses the hero Lucius describes a feast given at Hypata in Thessaly by his rich relative Byrrhena. After the feast Byrrhena informs him that an annual festival, coeval with the city, will be celebrated next day—a joyous ceremony, unique in the world, in honour of the god Laughter. She wishes that he could invent some humorous freak for the occasion. Lucius promises to do his best. Being very drunk, he then bids Byrrhena good-night, and departs with his slave for the house of Milo, his miserly old host. A gust blows out their torch, and they get home with difficulty, arm in arm. There they find three large and lusty persone violently battering the door. Lucius has been warned by his mistress, Milo's slave Fotis, against certain young Mohawks of the town—‘uesana factio nobilissimorum iuuenum’—who think nothing of murdering rich strangers. He at once draws his sword, and one by one stabs all three. Fotis, roused by the noise, lets him in and he quickly falls asleep.

The sirch (Kerman, Iran) earthquake of 28 July 1981—A field investigation

1982 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 841-861
Author(s):  
Hojjat Adeli
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Steel Buildings ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Epicentral Area ◽  
Historical Monuments ◽  
Fresh Surface ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town ◽  
Epicentral Region

abstract On 28 July 1981 at 17:22 UTC, the Kerman province of southern Iran was shaken by the largest and the most destructive earthquake in its history. Its surface-wave magnitude was about 7.2. The epicenter of the earthquake was located about 45 km southeast of the city of Kerman, the capital of the Kerman province. The shock killed nearly 3,000 people, left more than 31,000 homeless, and destroyed virtually all buildings in the epicentral region within a radius of 30 km. The hardest hit place was the town of Sirch where about 2,000 people died out of a population of 3,500. Surface fractures were observed in several areas, and the earthquake was apparently associated with a fresh surface normal faulting. The maximum vertical displacement was about 1 m. The maximum width of the fracture was 0.5 m. Also, extensive landsliding and numerous rockfalls were observed within the area of maximum damage. Most houses in the epicentral area are of adobe construction, made of sundried clay brick walls, and heavy domed roofs or vaults with clay or mud mortar. Most casualties were due to the collapse of these adobe buildings. However, the performance of unreinforced or reinforced brick buildings, historical monuments, steel buildings, and other types of structures during the earthquake is also discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Leadership in the quality of hotel services in the city of Campeche, Mexico

2019 ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Román Quijano-García ◽  
Luis Alfredo Arguelles-Ma ◽  
Fernando Medina-Blum ◽  
Mario Javier Fajardo
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Transversal Design ◽  
Adequate Level ◽  
Hotel Managers ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town ◽  
New Strategies

The remainance and development in the market depend, among other factors, on the quality of sold products or provided services, which is a situation of concern in sectors such as tourism where globalization demands first level services, as is the case in the city of Campeche, where businessmen are investing in hotel infrastructure according to the colonial characteristics of the town. The research´s objective is to identify the incidence of leadership in the quality of services under the perception of hotel managers as responsible for the operability results. This research is a descriptive type with non-experimental transversal design, with a enumerated population; the results obtained through the quality and leadership indexes indicate that, contrary to expectations, managers consider that the provided services don´t have an adequate level of quality, and the design of new strategies is needed to improve the processes under the transformational leadership which must face problems with opportunity in order to innovate in the services of the market where they participate.

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