scholarly journals A Novel Method for Electricity Generation from Footsteps Using Piezoelectric Transducers

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 810-817
Author(s):  
D. Sathisha, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Energy Scavenging ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Exothermic Reactions ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Density Population ◽  
Multiple Units

The process of generation of mechanical energy of human footsteps and converting into electrical energy using piezoelectric transducer is discussed in this paper. This method of generation comes under the Energy scavenging section of renewable resources where wasted energy during regular processes such as heat during exothermic reactions is captured and converted. With the increase in energy consumption from handy electronic devices, the concept of harvesting alternative non-conventional energy in highly density population regions is a new interest of late. The model is a focused spring action between two tiles on to the piezoelectric transducers. This model contracts during a footstep and therefore allowing the mechanical input onto the transducers and converting this input into electrical output. This process is focused on footsteps upon multiple units across a pathway to generate maximum output with minimal monitoring. This type of generator is simply a secondary backup to coal or hydro power generation. The main feature of such generator is that this requires no conscious thought on the user’s part.

scholarly journals A Methodological Review of Piezoelectric Based Acoustic Wave Generation and Detection Techniques for Structural Health Monitoring

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Sun ◽  
Bruno Rocha ◽  
Kuo-Ting Wu ◽  
Nezih Mrad
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Acoustic Wave Generation

Piezoelectric transducers have a long history of applications in nondestructive evaluation of material and structure integrity owing to their ability of transforming mechanical energy to electrical energy and vice versa. As condition based maintenance has emerged as a valuable approach to enhancing continued aircraft airworthiness while reducing the life cycle cost, its enabling structural health monitoring (SHM) technologies capable of providing on-demand diagnosis of the structure without interrupting the aircraft operation are attracting increasing R&D efforts. Piezoelectric transducers play an essential role in these endeavors. This paper is set forth to review a variety of ingenious ways in which piezoelectric transducers are used in today’s SHM technologies as a means of generation and/or detection of diagnostic acoustic waves.

scholarly journals Rolling Spherical Triboelectric Nanogenerators (RS-TENG) under Low-Frequency Ocean Wave Action

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Yuzhou Wang ◽  
Ali Matin Nazar ◽  
Jiajun Wang ◽  
Kequan Xia ◽  
Delin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Ocean Waves ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Wave Action ◽  
Ocean Wave ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerators

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG), which convert mechanical energy (such as ocean waves) from the surrounding environment into electrical energy, have been identified as a green energy alternative for addressing the environmental issues resulting from the use of traditional energy resources. In this experimental design, we propose rolling spherical triboelectric nanogenerators (RS-TENG) for collecting energy from low-frequency ocean wave action. Copper and aluminum were used to create a spherical frame which functions as the electrode. In addition, different sizes of spherical dielectric (SD1, SD2, SD3, and SD4) were developed in order to compare the dielectric effect on output performance. This design places several electrodes on each side of the spherical structure such that the dielectric layers are able to move with the slightest oscillation and generate electrical energy. The performance of the RS-TENG was experimentally investigated, with the results indicating that the spherical dielectrics significantly impact energy harvesting performance. On the other hand, the triboelectric materials (i.e., copper and aluminum) play a less important role. The copper RS-TENG with the largest spherical dielectrics is the most efficient structure, with a maximum output of 12.75 V in open-circuit and a peak power of approximately 455 nW.

scholarly journals Damping Analyses of Structural Vibrations and Shunted Piezoelectric Transducers

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saber Mohammadi ◽  
Akram Khodayari
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Structural Vibrations ◽  
Electric Networks ◽  
Pulse Switching ◽  
Electromechanical Energy Conversion ◽  
Electromechanical Energy ◽  
Mechanical Energy Dissipation

Piezoelectric transducers in conjunction with appropriate electric networks can be used as a mechanical energy dissipation device. Alternatively, undesired mechanical energy of a structure could be converted into electrical energy that can be dissipated through a shunt network in the form of Joule heating. This paper presents an experimental method to calculate damping energy in mechanical systems. However, the mathematical description of damping mechanism is much more complicated, and any process responsible for the occurrence of damping is very intricate. Structural and piezoelectric damping are calculated and analysed in the case of pulse switching or SSDI semiactive vibration control technique. This technique which was developed in the field of piezoelectric damping consists in triggering the inverting switch on each extremum of the piezoelectric voltage which induces an increase of the electromechanical energy conversion.

scholarly journals Pengaruh jumlah nozzle terhadap kinerja turbin pelton sebagai pembangkit listrik di Desa Sumber Agung Kecamatan Suoh Kabupaten Lampung Barat

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Irawan ◽  
Eko Nugroho ◽  
Eko Widiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Impulse Turbine ◽  
Turbine Wheel ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Turbine Efficiency

A micro hydro power plant, or commonly known as a turbine is a power plant that utilizes the potential energy of water to be converted into mechanical energy which is then converted into electrical energy using a generator. The Pelton turbine is an extension of the impulse turbine with a split some blades dividing the jet into two equal beaks which are reversed sideways at the turbine wheel. This study aims to determine the effect of the number of nozzles to output power, efficiency, and electric power produced. In this study, a Pelton type water turbine was applied to a water source flowing from the mountains with a head of 26 m and 0.003167 m3/s water discharge. This study used 3 variations of the number of nozzles (single, double, and triple nozzle) with 9 mm outer diameter of nozzle and 35 mm nozzle length. The results of the research conducted, the turbine power is 419.53 watts, the turbine efficiency is 52%, and the generator power is 360 Watts for triple nozzle variation. The turbine power obtained is 388.83 Watts, the turbine efficiency is 48%, and the generator power is 234 Watts for double nozzle variation. And the power obtained is 367.47 Watts, the turbine efficiency is 45%, and the generator power is 175 Watts for single nozzle variations.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Evaluation of a MEMS Piezoelectric Bimorph Generator for Vibration Energy Harvesting

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Lee ◽  
S. C. Lin ◽  
W. J. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Piezoelectric Bimorph ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Parallel Polarization ◽  
Piezoelectric Layers

ABSTRACTWe present the development of a MEMS piezoelectric bimorph generator, a cantilever type bimorph which was formed by laminating two PZT piezoelectric layers. Our bimorph generator can scavenge mechanical energy from ambient vibrations and transform it into useful electrical energy. Two poling configurations of the PZT piezoelectric layers of our bimorph MEMS generator were fabricated and tested. A tip proof mass used for adjusting the resonance frequency was also demonstrated. Experimental results confirm that our device possessed a maximum open-circuit output voltage of 1.91VP-P and a 3.42VP-P for a parallel polarization device and a serial polarization device, respectively with a 2g externally applied vibration. At an optimal resistive load, the maximum output power was 1.548μ–W and 1.778μ–W for a parallel polarization device and a serial polarization device, respectively.

Self Powered Wearable Health Monitoring System

2011 ◽  
Vol 403-408 ◽  
pp. 3839-3846
Author(s):  
Harkanwal Singh ◽  
Choudhary Mayur Lalchand
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Energy Scavenging ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Health Monitoring System ◽  
Self Powered

For consistent remote health monitoring to be realized, power source must be independent of time factor. We require small, inexpensive, ubiquitous sensors to be realized, all constituents of the device, including the power source, must be directly integrable. For long term application the device must be capable of scavenging power from its surrounding environment. An apparent solution lies in conversion of mechanical energy produced by body movements to electrical energy. Here, we propose a health monitoring system utilizing energy scavenging from body movements for signal transmission through wireless antenna.

Dynamic Modeling of Triboelectric Generators Using Lagrange’s Equation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Gauntt ◽  
Gregory Batt ◽  
James Gibert
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Scavenging ◽  
Mems Devices ◽  
Lagrange’S Equation ◽  
Lumped Parameter ◽  
Electrostatic Induction ◽  
Generalized Framework

Electret based energy scavenging devices utilize electro-static induction to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. Uses for these devices include harvesting ambient energy in the environment and acting as sensors for a range of applications. These types of devices have been used in MEMS applications for over a decade. However, recently there is an interest in triboelectric generators/harvesters, i.e., electret based harvesters that utilize triboelectrification as well as electrostatic induction. The literature is filled with a variety of designs for the latter devices, constructed from materials ranging from paper and thin films; rendering the generators lightweight, flexible and inexpensive. However, most of the design of these devices is ad-hoc and not based on exploiting the underlying physics that govern their behavior; the few models that exist neglect the coupled electromechanical behavior of the devices. Motivated by the lack of a comprehensive dynamic model of these devices this manuscript presents a generalized framework based on a Lagrangian formulation to derive electromechanical equation for a lumped parameter dynamic model of an electret-based harvester. The framework is robust, capturing the effects of traditional MEMS devices as well as triboelectric generators. Exploiting numerical simulations the predictions are used to examine the behavior of electret based devices for a variety of loading conditions simulating real-world applications such as power scavengers under simple harmonic forcing and in pedestrian walking.

scholarly journals An efficiency assessment analysis of a modified gravitational Pelton-wheel turbine

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Raj Kumar Kapooria
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Gravitational Energy ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
Mechanical Work ◽  
Impulse Turbine ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Low Head

A Pelton-wheel impulse turbine is a hydro mechanical energy conversion device which converts gravitational energy of elevated water into mechanical work. This mechanical work is converted into electrical energy by means of running an electrical generator. The kinetic energy of the Water-jet is directed tangentially at the buckets of a Pelton-wheel. The Water-jet strikes on each bucket’s convex profile splitter and get split into two halves. Each half is turned backwards, almost through 180° relative to the bucket on a horizontal plane. Practically this angle may vary between 165° to 170°. Normally all the jet energy is used in propelling the rim of the bucket wheel. Invariably some jet water misses the bucket and passes onto the tail race without doing any useful work. This hydro device is a good source of hydro-electrical energy conversion for a high water head. The present work in this research paper deals with some advanced modifications in the conventional Pelton-wheel so that it can be used for low-head and heavy-discharge applications. Both kinetic and potential energy of the water source is consumed by the runner wheel. Considerable gravitational effect of the water jet is exploited by means of some modifications in a conventional Pelton-wheel. A comparatively heavy generator can be run by this modified Pelton-wheel turbine under low-head and heavy-discharge conditions. The modified features provide enough promising opportunities to use this turbine for Mini and Micro hydro power plants.

scholarly journals Study on footstep power generation using piezoelectric tile

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 593
Author(s):  
Anis Maisarah Mohd Asry ◽  
Farahiyah Mustafa ◽  
Sy Yi Sim ◽  
Maizul Ishak ◽  
Aznizam Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducer ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
In Series ◽  
Wasted Energy

<span>Electrical energy is important and had been demand increasingly. A lot of energy resources have been wasted and exhausted. An alternative way to generate electricity by using a population of human had been discovered When walking, the vibration that generates between the surface and the footstep is wasted. By utilizing this wasted energy, the electrical energy can be generated and fulfill the demand. The transducer that use to detect the vibration is a piezoelectric transducer. This transducer converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy. When the pressure from the footstep is applied to the piezoelectric transducer, it will convert the pressure or the force into the electrical energy. The piezoelectric transducer is connected in series-parallel coonection. Then, it is placed on the tile that been made from wood as a model for footstep tile to give pressure to the piezoelectric transducers. This tile can be placed in the crowded area, walking pavement or exercise instruments. The electric energy that generates from this piezoelectric tile can be power up low power appliances.</span>

ELECTRO-MECHANICAL COUPLING CHARACTERISTICS OF PZT FOR SENSOR AND ACTUATOR APPLICATION

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (29n31) ◽  
pp. 3823-3826 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. TANG ◽  
S. L. HUANG ◽  
X. L. HU ◽  
J. T. WANG
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Properties ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Acoustic System ◽  
Mechanical Coupling ◽  
Actuator Application ◽  
Coupling Characteristics ◽  
Main Factor

Piezoelectric ceramics are good candidate materials for sensor and actuator applications, because of its ability to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy and vice versa. The response speed of Electro-mechanical converting signal in piezoelectric transducers is up to a few hundreds kilohertz. Therefore, they are widely used in vibration and acoustic system. In these applications, the nonlinearity of the materials is a main factor to consider when one designs the control system. In this paper, the nonlinearity of electro-mechanical coupling of PbZrxTi(1-x)O3 was investigated. Experimental results showed that the piezoelectric properties of PZT are greatly affected by the sequence and the amplitude of the applied voltage.

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