scholarly journals Examination of Dry Precipitation Condition of Kahramanmaraş

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
SEVCAN TAŞDEMİR ◽  
Yakup CUCİ
Keyword(s):  
Precipitation Condition

Retrieval of atmospheric and surface parameters from VASS/FY-3C data under non-precipitation condition

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunqiang Wu ◽  
Gang Ma ◽  
Chengli Qi ◽  
Yang Guo ◽  
Ran You
Keyword(s):  
Precipitation Condition ◽  
Surface Parameters

Optimization of Co-precipitation Condition for Preparing Molybdenum-Based Sulfur-Resistant Methanation Catalysts

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 504-516
Author(s):  
Jiahui Zhang ◽  
Xiaoshan Zhang ◽  
Baowei Wang ◽  
Zhenhua Li ◽  
Xinbin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Precipitation Condition ◽  
Co Precipitation

scholarly journals Modeling Seawater Intrusion to Coastal Aquifers in South Coast of Laizhou Bay, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 00004
Author(s):  
Yawen Chang ◽  
Bill X. Hu ◽  
Xue Li
Keyword(s):  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Coastal Aquifers ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Laizhou Bay ◽  
Precipitation Condition ◽  
Fresh Groundwater ◽  
Depression Cone ◽  
Error Method

In this study, a two-dimensional SEAWAT 2000 model is developed to simulate the seawater intrusion to coastal aquifers and brine water/fresh water interaction in the south of Laizhou Bay, Shandong Province, China and forecast the seawater intrusion and brine water/freshwater interface development in the coming years. The model profile is perpendicular to the coastal line, about 40 km long and 110 m in depth, and consists of two interfaces, freshwater-saline water interface and brine water-saline water-seawater interface. The parameters of aquifers in the SEAWAT-2000 model are calibrated by trial-error method repeatedly to fit the head and salinity measurements. Based on the historical groundwater and brine water exploration and natural precipitation condition, the prediction results indicate that equivalent freshwater head in shallow freshwater-saline water area will decrease year by year and decline 2.0 m in the forecasting period, caused by groundwater over-pumping for irrigating farmlands. The groundwater head in the brine-saline water area will also decrease about 1.8 m in forecasting period. A larger depression cone appears in the brine area, with smaller funnels in other areas. The salinity in the brine area finally drops below 105g/l. In the meanwhile, the salinity increases in other areas, damage fresh groundwater resources.

Effect of Magnesium Ion on the Precipitation of Hollow Calcium Carbonate by Bubble Templating Method

2006 ◽  
Vol 317-318 ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunawan Hadiko ◽  
Yong Sheng Han ◽  
Masayoshi Fuji ◽  
Minoru Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Crystal Phase ◽  
Magnesium Ion ◽  
Precipitation Condition ◽  
Templating Method ◽  
Hollow Particles

Hollow calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles were synthesized by bubbling CO2 in the solution of calcium chloride (CaCl2) with the presence of ammonia at room temperature. In this method, CO2 bubble, besides as reactant, has an important role as a template for forming hollow particles. The precipitation was carried out by controlling the precipitation condition, such as pH, flow rate and additives. Hollow calcium carbonate particles were precipitated with the major crystal phase of vaterite. An interesting finding is that magnesium ion (Mg2+) can suppress the transformation of vaterite to calcite by inhibiting the growth of the calcite.

scholarly journals The Decrasing Trend of Precipitation Observed at Watesheds in Padang for The Period 1975-2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Ratna Wilis ◽  
Sugeng Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Total Precipitation ◽  
Dipole Mode ◽  
Precipitation Condition ◽  
Precipitation Frequency ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Indices ◽  
Precipitation Indices

One of the consequences of the ongoing climate change is the increasing likelihood of extreme precipitation frequency in the future, which causes the declining trend of total precipitation that affects water debits in the watersheds and brings difficulties to a city like Padang that is situated near the watersheds. In order to elaborate on this, a number of extreme precipitation indices recommended by ETCCDMI was utilized to assess the extreme precipitation condition for the period 1975-2013. These indices were calculated based on the rain-gauge stations along the watersheds in and around Padang. Before processing the data, a series of homogeneity test were undertaken to make sure the data were comparable. The results showed that there was a significant declining trend on the total annual precipitation (PRCPTOT), an increasing trend of the number of days without rain (R0) and a decreasing frequency of the number of days with precipitation of more than 50 mm in the Batang Kuranji Watershed. The results suggested that atmospheric circulations, such as El Nino and positive Dipole Mode, have played their role on the trend as a result of their intensified frequency due to global warming.

Precipitation condition and effect of volume fraction on corrosion properties of secondary phase on casted super-duplex stainless steel UNS S32750

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung-Hyun Shin ◽  
Dohyung Kim ◽  
Sanghyup Park ◽  
Myungwon Hwang ◽  
Junghyun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Super Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Precipitation Condition ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The secondary phase decreased the corrosion resistance because of the segregation of Cr and Mo. Therefore, this paper aims to study the precipitation condition and the effect of secondary phase with volume fraction on corrosion behavior. Design/methodology/approach Secondary phase precipitated approximately from 375°C to 975°C because of saturated Cr and Mo at grain boundary by growth of austenite. Therefore, heat treatment from 800°C to 1,300°C was applied to start the precipitation of the secondary phase. Findings The secondary phase is precipitated at 1,020°C because of segregation by heterogeneous austenite. The growth of austenite at 1,000°C needs the time to saturate the Cr and Mo at grain boundary. When the volume fraction of austenite is 56 per cent (14 min at 1,000°C), the secondary phase is precipitated with grain boundary of austenite. The secondary phase increased the current density (corrosion rate) and decreased the passivation. That is checked to the critical pitting temperature (CPT) curves. The 1 per cent volume fraction of secondary phase decreased CPT to 60°C from 71°C. Research limitations/implications The precipitation of secondary phase not wants anyone. Casted super-duplex stainless steel (SDSS) of big size precipitates the secondary phase. This study worked the precipitation condition and the suppression conditions of secondary phase. Social implications Manufacturers need precipitation condition to make high-performance SDSS. Originality/value The corrosion resistance of SDSS is hard the optimization because SDSS is dual-phase stainless steel. The precipitation of the secondary phase must be controlled to optimize of the corrosion resistance of SDSS. Anyone not studied the precipitation condition of secondary phase and the effect of secondary phase with volume fraction on corrosion behavior of SDSS.

Micromachined Methanol Reformer for Portable PEM Fuel Cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taegyu Kim ◽  
Dae Hoon Lee ◽  
Dae-Eun Park ◽  
Sejin Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Sacrificial Layer ◽  
Catalyst Layer ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Methanol Conversion ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Packed Bed Reactor ◽  
Wafer Surface ◽  
Precipitation Condition ◽  
Coating Procedure ◽  
Lift Off

Fabrication procedures for a micromethanol reformer including catalyst preparation, coating, and patterning on a wafer are described. Cu-based catalyst was prepared by coprecipitation method. The effects of precipitation conditions on the catalytic activity and adhesion of coated catalyst on the substrate were tested to find the optimum precipitation condition. For coating purposes, the prepared catalyst was ground into powder and mixed with binder in the solvent. Simultaneous precipitation of catalyst and binder on the wafer produced catalyst layer that is uniform and rigidly found to the wafer surface. The amount of coated catalyst on the wafer was 5–8mg∕cm2 with a thickness of 30μm. By repetition of coating procedure, catalyst mass up to 15mg∕cm2 was obtained with increased reactivity. Patterned catalyst layer was obtained by novel lift-off process of polyvinyl alcohol sacrificial layer. A micromethanol reformer was fabricated using a typical lithography procedure including catalyst coating and patterning process. Typical methanol conversion was higher than the conventional packed bed reactor.

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