scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DYSFUNCTION AND MANDIBULAR FUNCTIONAL IMPAIRMENT IN DENTISTRY ACADEMICS

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Élcio Alves Guimarães ◽  
Tathiane Tavares Goulart ◽  
Kelly Duarte Lima Makhoul ◽  
Lucas Resende Sousa ◽  
Paulo Cézar Simamoto Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Important Risk Factor ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Temporomandibular Dysfunction ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Collective Term

Introduction: Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) is a collective term adding up the entire problems related to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the mandibular functional impairment is one of the symptoms of TMD. It is known that the posture influences the onset of TMD, thus, as in the appearance of mandibular functional impairment. Dentists remain in inadequate positions during their workday, thus presenting an important risk factor for the onset of TMD. Objective: To classify temporomandibular dysfunction and mandibular functional impairment in undergraduates of the 8th period of the Dentistry course in the “Centro Universitário do Triângulo-UNITRI”, in Uberlândia, MG, Brazil. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, practical, exploratory with a quantitative approach, epidemiological study carried out through application of two questionnaires: Mandibular Functional Impairment Index (MFIQ) and Clinical Dysfunction Index (IDCCM or Helkimo Index). Results: The results found in the present study showed a higher prevalence of moderate TMD (70,83%), followed by mild TMD (16.67%) and severe TMD (12,50%) and all participants were classified with mandibular functional impairment of low severity. Conclusion: The results of this research showed a high prevalence of moderate TMD in dentistry students and that there is no correlation between TMD and mandibular functional impairment. It was observed that many students had pain in the neck and/or shoulder.

Is Rheumatoid Arthritis a Risk Factor for Fractures: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Ambika Gupta ◽  
Stephanie G. Pipe ◽  
Tanveer Towheed ◽  
Tassos Anastassiades
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
General Population ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risk Of Fracture ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Heterogeneity

Aim: The primary objective was to assess the risk of fractures in adults with RA compared with controls from the general population. The review also assessed an increased risk of fractures in RA patients when accounting for steroid use, RA disease severity or functional impairment. Method: Citations were screened from MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and CINAHL. Included citations were written in English, including adult patients at least 18 years of age and compared fracture incidence or prevalence between RA patients and a control group. Case-control, cohort and cross-sectional studies were included. Results: There were a total of 3451 citations; after application of the inclusion criteria, 17 studies were selected. In 14 of the 17 studies, there was an increase in the risk of fracture in RA patients compared to controls. In studies that evaluated for glucocorticoid use, four of 13 demonstrated an increased risk of fracture with glucocorticoid use, however, only two of these four studies specifically assessed glucocorticoid use amongst patients with RA. In studies that analyzed RA severity or functional impairment, two of seven demonstrated disease severity or impairment as a risk factor for fracture. There was marked study heterogeneity in terms of patient and fracture characteristics, which was a limitation of the analysis that impeded the ability to make direct comparisons. Conclusion: The risk of fracture in RA patients is elevated when compared to the general population, although the etiology of the increased risk remains to be elucidated.

Characthrization of suicide attempt in patients at Pedro Diaz Coello Polyclinic, in Holguin, 2015-2019 (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Medina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
The One ◽  
Keywords Suicide

BACKGROUND suicide represents a problem for public health, due to its high prevalence at the present time and the lack of implementation of adequate preventive strategies in a large number of countries. OBJECTIVE Objective: to characterize patients with a suicide attempt in the health area of ​​the Pedro Díaz Coello Polyclinic in Holguín in the period 2015-2019. METHODS Methods: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional retrospective study was carried out, with a population of 138 patients, where they were fully studied. RESULTS a predominance of patients between 10 and 20 years of age (52.2%) was found, in the female sex (60%), 57 (41.3%) had basic secondary education. Singles were the most prevalent 80 (58%). The method of ingestion of tablets was the most used with 92 patients (66.6%), of them the female sex was the one with the greatest quantity, however, in the male sex the preferred method was hanging. As a risk factor, depression was the most prevalent, with 40 (29%) patients. CONCLUSIONS adolescent females, mainly with a basic secondary education level, were prone to intense suicide. The ingestion of tablets was the main method used, with a predominance of females; where depression was the main risk factor. CLINICALTRIAL Keywords: suicide, risk factors, primary health care

High prevalence of nasal MRSA carriage in slaughterhouse workers in contact with live pigs in The Netherlands

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. 756-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. G. L. VAN CLEEF ◽  
E. M. BROENS ◽  
A. VOSS ◽  
X. W. HUIJSDENS ◽  
L. ZÜCHNER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Important Risk Factor ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Retail Meat ◽  
Livestock Farmers

SUMMARYLivestock-associated MRSA has been found in various animals, livestock farmers and retail meat. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and determinants of nasal MRSA carriage in pig slaughterhouse workers. Three large pig slaughterhouses in The Netherlands were studied in 2008 using human and environmental samples. The overall prevalence of nasal MRSA carriage in employees of pig slaughterhouses was 5·6% (14/249) (95% CI 3·4–9·2) and working with live pigs was the single most important factor for being MRSA positive (OR 38·2,P<0·0001). At the start of the day MRSA was only found in environmental samples from the lairages (10/12), whereas at the end of the day MRSA was found in the lairages (11/12), the dirty (5/12) and clean (3/12) areas and green offal (1/3). The MRSA status of the environmental samples correlated well with the MRSA status of humans working in these sections (r=0·75). In conclusion, a high prevalence of nasal MRSA carriage was found in pig-slaughterhouse workers, and working with live pigs is the most important risk factor. Exact transmission routes from animals to humans remain to be elucidated in order to enable application of targeted preventive measures.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Tile and Ceramic Workers in Yazd, Iran

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Houshang Mehrparvar ◽  
Seyyed Jalil Mirmohammadi ◽  
Mehrdad Mostaghaci ◽  
Maryam Bahaloo ◽  
Mohammad Heydari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Simple Sampling ◽  
Ceramic Workers

Introduction. Cardiovascular disorders (CVDs) are among the most important diseases in the world and determination of their risk factors is essential for primary and secondary prevention. This study aimed to evaluate these risk factors in workers of tile and ceramic industry, a main industry in Yazd. Materials and Methods. In a cross-sectional study, 1075 tile and ceramic workers were selected by simple sampling method. BMI, blood pressure, FBS, and lipid profile were measured and compared to international standards. Results. 731 individuals (68%) had at least one risk factor, and 52%, 12%, 3%, and 0.7% had one, two, three, and four risk factors, respectively. The most common risk factor was abnormal BMI (49.6%); low HDL (48.4%) and high TG (14.1%) were in the second and third orders. Conclusion. This study showed a relatively high prevalence for CVD risk factors among tile and ceramic workers. Low HDL, high TG, and overweight were the most frequent risk factors in this population.

scholarly journals Gambaran status gizi dan faktor risiko kecacingan pada anak cacingan di masyarakat Dayak Meratus, Kecamatan Loksado, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-64
Author(s):  
Annida Annida ◽  
Deni Fakhrizal ◽  
Juhairiyah Juhairiyah ◽  
Budi Hairani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Deadly Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Helminthiasis is a disease caused by intestinal parasite helminth with a high prevalence and spread throughout Indonesia, not deadly but secretly and slowly affect the health and productivity of patients through the decline in nutritional status. Slow and less symptom-prone effects cause the disease to be neglected among other diseases. This research is descriptive observational with cross sectional design, to know the description of nutritional status and risk factors of helminthiasis at elementary school children suffering from helminth in Meratus Dayak community, conducted in April 2017 at SDN Loksado and SDN Tanuhi, Loksado Subdistrict, Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency, South Kalimantan Province. The results showed 6.5% of helminthiasis occurred in the Dayak community in the Loksado Subdistrict. Helminthiasis consists caused by hookworm (58.33%), Enterobius (16.66), Hymenolepis (8.33%), Trichuris (8.33%), and mix infection of hookworm and enterobius (8.33%). However, this helminthiasis has not had an impact on the patient's nutritional status and progressed without symptoms, indicated by the nutritional status of patients who are mostly in the normal category until the fat. Although helminthiasis is not a deadly disease and is emergency, but the risk factor of helminthiasis in the patient can cause chronic infestation and transmission to other children. Keywords          : helminthiasis, nutritional status, risk factors

scholarly journals Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency; the single most important cause of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia in Kano, Nigeria

1970 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
ZL Farouk ◽  
M Ibrahim ◽  
WN Ogala
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Neonatal Jaundice ◽  
Dehydrogenase Deficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Important Risk Factor ◽  
Mortality Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Male To Female

Introduction: Glucose- 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is the most common enzymatic disorder of the red cell and an important risk factor for neonatal jaundice.Methodology: The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of G-6-PD deficiency among jaundiced neonates, and describe the associated morbidity and mortality pattern in them. A prospective cross sectional study was conducted and we studied one hundred consecutive jaundiced neonates (55 males, 45 females) presenting at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital from between 2004 and August 2005. G-6-PD activity was assayed by Quantitative spectrophotometric method of Kornberg; serum bilirubin and haemoglobin levels were estimated by standard techniques. Exposure to possible Icterogenic agents, clinical features of kernicterus and the outcome were noted.Results: The incidence of G-6-PD deficiency was found to be 46% with male to female ratio of 3:1 (Χ2 = 15, p = 0.001). A higher proportion (60.6%) of the inborn neonates had G-6-PD deficiency (X2 = 5.5, p = 0.06). Jaundice was noticed significantly earlier in the G-6-PD deficient neonates (mean = 2.0, SD = 1 days) compared to (mean = 2.7, SD = 1.6 days) in the sufficient neonates (t = 2.3, p = 0.02). Sixteen (16%) neonates developed kernicterus, of these 10 (63%) were G-6-PD deficient. The mortality rate among G-6-PD deficient neonates was 15% (7 of 46) twice as much as in the sufficient neonates 7% (4 of 54). Only six neonates 0.6% ware exposed to naphthalene of whom three were G -6PD deficient. Five babies were given traditional medicine two of which were G6-PD deficient.Conclusion: G-6-PD deficiency is an important risk factor for neonatal jaundice. Jaundice appeared early in the deficient neonates. There is high incidence of kernicterus and mortality among them. Low admission weight significantly contributed to the mortality.Key Words: G-6-PD deficiency; Neonatal Jaundice; Kernicterus

scholarly journals Risk Factors Affecting Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Women Laborer of Tobacco Warehouse Ajung District, Jember

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Dasarina Rizqi Amalia ◽  
Ida Srisurani Wiji Astuti ◽  
Yudha Nurdian
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Women Workers ◽  
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Spearman Correlation Test ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome frequently experienced by workers whose daily activities always use repetitive movements on the wrist. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is a syndrome that can actually be prevented because there is no risk factor that can’t be changed except the age factor. Previous research has shown a fairly high prevalence about 42%-93% in factory workers. This study aims to determine the factors that affect the occurence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in women workers warehouse tobacco. This is an analytical observational study with cross sectional study design which using 50 samples who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Instrument in this research is clinical questionnaire to diagnose CTS and Phalen test. Spearman correlation test result obtained long working p=0,036,  r=0,298 and pain intensity p= <0,01, r=0,635 which means there is significant correlation with moderate strength between length of work with CTS and strong correlation between the intensity of pain with CTS. Keywords: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, risk factor, women laborer               

scholarly journals A prospective cross-sectional study of tuberculosis in elderly Hispanics reveals that BCG vaccination at birth is protective whereas diabetes is not a risk factor

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0255194
Author(s):  
Julia M. Scordo ◽  
Génesis P. Aguillón-Durán ◽  
Doris Ayala ◽  
Ana Paulina Quirino-Cerrillo ◽  
Eminé Rodríguez-Reyna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Secondary Analyses

Background Aging increases the risk of tuberculosis (TB) and its adverse outcomes, but most studies are based on secondary analyses, and few are in Hispanics. Diabetes is a risk factor for TB in adults, but its contribution in the elderly is unknown. We aimed to identify the role of diabetes and other risk factors for TB in elderly Hispanics. Methods Cross-sectional study among newly-diagnosed TB patients, recent contacts (ReC), or community controls (CoC) totaling 646 participants, including 183 elderly (>60 years; 43 TB, 80 ReC, 60 CoC) and 463 adults (18 to 50 years; 80 TB, 301 ReC and 82 CoC). Host characteristics associated with TB and latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (LTBI) were identified in the elderly by univariable and confirmed by multivariable logistic regression. Results LTBI was more prevalent among the elderly CoC (55% vs. 23.2% in adults; p<0.001), but not in ReC (elderly 71.3% vs. adult 63.8%); p = 0.213). Risk factors for TB in the elderly included male sex (adj-OR 4.33, 95% CI 1.76, 10.65), smoking (adj-OR 2.55, 95% CI 1.01, 6.45) and low BMI (adj-OR 12.34, 95% CI 4.44, 34.33). Unexpectedly, type 2 diabetes was not associated with TB despite its high prevalence (adj-OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.06, 2.38), and BCG vaccination at birth was protective (adj-OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.06, 0.45). Conclusions We report novel distinctions in TB risk factors in the elderly vs. adults, notably in diabetes and BCG vaccination at birth. Further studies are warranted to address disparities in this vulnerable, understudied population.

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