Vaginal and intestinal microbiocenosis composition in pregnant women

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Alexandr A. Bezmenko ◽  
Natalya D. Sadovaya
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Threatened Miscarriage ◽  
Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
And Control

Hypothesis/aims of study. It is assumed that intestinal dysbiosis, as well as bacterial vaginosis, may be one of the risk factors, and in some cases, the direct cause of pregnancy complications. This study was aimed to assess the intestinal and vaginal microbiocenosis composition in women with threatened miscarriage and normal pregnancy. Study design, materials and methods. The study involved 68 women aged 18 to 35 years (mean age 27.6 0.7 years) in pregnancy from 6 to 18 weeks. The main group consisted of 38 women with threatened miscarriage. The control group included women (n = 30) with normal pregnancy. Patients of the main and control groups were examined in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Health order No. 572n. In addition, a qualitative and quantitative microbiological analysis of vaginal discharge and feces was performed using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method. Results. Vaginal dysbiosis was detected in 60.5% of pregnant women of the main group and only 13.3% of women of the control group. In the main group, grade II dysbiosis was found in 23.7% of cases, and grade I dysbiosis in 36.8% of cases, while in the control group, these grades were found only in 3.3% and 10% of cases, respectively. Intestinal dysbiosis was diagnosed in 100% of the examined pregnant women. In patients of the main group, intestinal dysbiosis was detected as follows: grade I in 29% of cases, grade II in 52.6% of cases, and grade III in 18.4% of cases. In patients of the control group, the disorders corresponded mainly to grade I (83.4%) and, to a lesser extent, grade II (16.6%) dysbiosis, there being no cases of severe dysbiosis revealed. Conclusion. Women with threatened miscarriage had the most pronounced dysbiotic changes in vaginal and intestinal microflora compared to the control group. Vaginal dysbiosis was combined with intestinal dysbiosis in 100% of cases in patients of the main and control groups, and the degree of dysbiotic changes in the vaginal microflora was directly proportional to the degree of intestinal dysbiosis.

Cytokine profile in women with threatened miscarriage and intestinal dysbiosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Bezmenko ◽  
Natalia D. Sadovaya ◽  
Marina E. Meshkova ◽  
Elena A. Malakhova
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Endotoxin Level ◽  
Threatened Miscarriage ◽  
Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Intestinal Microbiocenosis

Hypothesis/Aims of study: Systemic endotoxinemia resulting from intestinal dysbiosis activates the Th1 immune response and excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines, which can cause abortion. This study was aimed at assessing interleukin levels in women with the threat of miscarriage and exploring their dependence on intestinal microbiocenosis and the level of endotoxinemia. Study design, materials and methods: The study involved 87 women aged 18 to 43 years in pregnancy from six to 22 weeks. The main group consisted of 50 women with a threatened miscarriage. The control group included 37 women with normal pregnancy. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of intestinal microbiocenosis was performed by real-time PCR, with endotoxin and interleukin levels evaluated using conventional methods. Results: In patients of the main group, intestinal dysbiosis of grade I was detected in 30 % (n = 15), of grade II in 46 % (n = 23), and of grade III in 24 % (n = 12) of cases. In the control group, intestinal microflora disorders corresponded to grade I dysbiosis in 67.6 % (n = 25) and grade II dysbiosis in 32.4 % (n = 12) of cases, there being no cases of severe dysbiosis revealed. The level of endotoxin in pregnant women of the main group was 0.57 0.02 nmol / ml and was classified as increased. The endotoxin level in the blood serum of pregnant women of the control group was 0.34 0.02 nmol / ml and was characterized as low (p 0.001). A strong correlation was found (r = 0.8, p 0.001) between the grade of intestinal dysbiosis and the level of endotoxinemia. The cytokine profile in patients of the main group was characterized by increased concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 4.9 1.6 pg / ml, IL-6 4.8 1.5 pg / ml) and a decreased concentration of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10 18.0 4.5 pg / ml), when compared to the control group (IL-1 1.8 0.2 pg / ml, IL-6 2.1 0.2 pg / ml, IL-10 30.3 4.4 pg/ml). There were a statistically significant moderate positive correlation between the level of endotoxinemia and the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines and a weak negative correlation between the endotoxin level and the concentration of anti-inflammatory IL-10. Conclusion: Endotoxinemia, which occurs as a result of intestinal microflora dysbiosis and activates pro-inflammatory pathways, can really be as a triggering factor in the pathogenesis of miscarriage in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Intestinal dysbiosis in women in early pregnancy

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Alexandr A. Bezmenko ◽  
Andrei A. Schmidt ◽  
Natalya D. Sadovaya
Keyword(s):  
Large Intestine ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Normal Flora ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽  
Threatened Abortion

Hypothesis/aims of study. To date, there have been some publications on the possible role of systemic endotoxinemia resulting from intestinal dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of miscarriage. The aim of this study was to compare the state of intestinal microbiocenosis and the level of endotoxinemia in women with threatened abortion and normal pregnancy. Study design, materials and methods. The study involved 50 women aged 18 to 35 years (mean age 28.1 0.6 years) in pregnancy from 6 to 18 weeks. The main group consisted of 30 women with threatened abortion. The control group included 20 women with normal pregnancy. Patients of the main and control groups were examined in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 572n. In addition, a qualitative and quantitative microbiological analysis of feces was performed using the real-time PCR method. The level of endotoxinemia was studied to assess the possible systemic effect of intestinal dysbacteriosis on a pregnant woman. Results. 23.3% of patients of the main group were diagnosed with intestinal dysbiosis of degree I, 60% of degree II, and 16.6% of degree III. In patients of the control group, dysbiotic changes corresponded mainly to degree I (75%) and degree II (25%). Degree III was not detected. Microbiological disorders in the main group were characterized by a decrease in the number of members of intestinal normal flora and a high concentration of opportunistic microorganisms. Microbiological disorders in the control group were characterized by a decrease in the intensity of colonization of the large intestine by lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. The average level of endotoxinemia in patients of the main group was 0.52 0.05 nmol/ml and was classified as elevated, significantly exceeding that in patients of the control group 0.34 0.05 nmol/ml. Conclusion. In patients with threatened abortion, intestinal microflora was characterized by a decrease in normal flora and a high concentration of opportunistic microorganisms with high a pathogenic potential and their associations. During normal pregnancy, microbiological disorders in the intestinal biocenosis were characterized by a decrease in the intensity of colonization of the large intestine by lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. The level of endotoxemia was directly proportional to the degree of dysbacteriosis of the intestine and was significantly higher in women of the main group.

Investigating the Effect of Positive, Intermediate and Negative Enabling and Training Factors Affecting Physical Activity in Pregnant Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Kianfard ◽  
Farkhonde Amin SHokravi ◽  
Sakineh Rakhshanderou ◽  
Shamsaddin Niknami
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
E Learning ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract BackgroundPhysical activity during pregnancy period is one of the issues with priority during pregnancy period. Researches show that women reduce their physical activity during this period and are unaware of the benefits on the health of the mother and embryology. Although researchers regarding physical activity during pregnancy have prepared many guidelines; it is not however clear why pregnant women do not perform physical activity and the effectiveness factors that facilitate the desired behavior. MethodsThe research population included all pregnant women aged 18 to 40 years with gestational age of 12-38 weeks referring to the healthcare centers in District 5 of Tehran Municipality, from 22 districts of the city who had eliminated their physical activity during pregnancy. Questionnaires of physical activity assessment questionnaire after educational intervention in pregnant women (PPAQ) and a questionnaire designed based on the results of the needs assessment and the dimensions of the PEN-3 model were used for assessment. This study is a Research Clinical Trial (RCT). Due to the nature, a quasi-experimental research design (pre-test, post-test) with the control group was used in this research. ResultsBased on the obtained results, the intervention based on E-learning has a significant effect of enabling factors to increase physical activity in pregnant women in the experimental group. In addition, the intervention based on E-learning has a significant effect on the training factors in order to increase physical activity in pregnant women in the experimental group. ConclusionBased on the research results, it can be said that there is a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the scores obtained from training factors in the pretest and the experimental group. Furthermore, it can be said that there is a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the scores obtained from the enabling factors in the pre-test and the experimental group.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Relationship between Micronutrients and Gestational Diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farideh Akhlaghi ◽  
Seyyed Majid Bagheri ◽  
Omid Rajabi
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Micronutrient Concentration ◽  
And Control

In this paper, we studied the relation between the micronutrient and gestational diabetes. Therefore, we measured micronutrient concentration including Ni, Al, Cr, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Se in serum of women with gestational diabetes between 24 and 28 weeks of gestational age (study group) who had inclusion criteria and comparison with micronutrient levels in normal pregnant women with same gestational age (control group). Results showed that there was no significant difference between the serum micronutrient level (Ni, Al, Cr, Mg, Zn, Cu, Se) in study and control groups except serum level of iron which in serum of gestational diabetic women was lower than normal pregnant women and difference was significant.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF PRENATAL GENTLE YOGA AND HYPNOTHERAPY ON ANXIETY LEVEL AND SLEEP QUALITY IN THE THIRD TRIMESTER PREGNANT WOMAN AT PUSKESMAS SUMBER CIREBON REGENCY IN 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Nurlaela Kurnia Rahayu ◽  
Pepi Hapitria ◽  
Rani Widiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
The Third ◽  
And Control

As the pregnancy gets older, the attention and thoughts of pregnant women begin to focus on something that is considered as a climax, so that the anxiety experienced will intensify just before the childbirth. Excessive anxiety and sleep disorders during pregnancy can cause mental disorders in pregnant women and inhibit fetal growth. To determine the effect of prenatal gentle yoga and hypnotherapy on anxiety level and sleep quality in the third trimester pregnant women. This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-post test with a control group. The sample was 32 respondents consisting of 16 respondents as an intervention group and 16 respondents as a control group taken by purposive sampling. The analysis used was the Paired T-test. There is a difference in the average of anxiety level in the third trimester pregnant women in the intervention and control groups with a p value 0,000; there is a difference in the average of sleep quality in the third trimester pregnant women in the intervention and control groups with a p value 0,000; and there is no difference in the average of anxiety level and sleep quality in the third trimester pregnant women in the intervention and control groups with a p value 0,64. Prenatal Gentle Yoga and Hypnotherapy have an effect in reducing the anxiety level and improving the sleep quality in the third trimester pregnant women.

scholarly journals PERIOPERATIVE ANESTHESIA: TO DO OR NOT TO DO?

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
S. A. Firsov ◽  
A. S. Lepilov ◽  
R. P. Matveev ◽  
V. S. Savinkin
Keyword(s):  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Motor System ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Narcotic Analgesic ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
And Control

Introduction. In patients with chronic loco-motor system diseases the pain often persists after arthroplasty and does not respond to symptomatic therapy.Purpose of study: to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative use of Meloxicam in patients after hip arthroplasty. Patients and methods. The follow-up covered 120 patients (mean age 64.4±5.23 years) after hip arthroplasty. In the main group (n=60) Meloxicam was given 7 days prior to and 3 weeks after surgery; after intervention narcotic analgesic was used on the request. In control group (n=60) the patients were only on narcotic analgesic on request after operation. Treatment results were assessed by 100-millimeter visual analog scale (VAS) and D’Aubigné-Postel Score.Results. Seven days before the surgery the pain severity in the main and control groups was comparable: 85±2.3 and 84±2.1, respectively. In 2 days after operation the pain relief was more pronounced in the main group — 69±2.1 mm versus 82±3.4 mm in the control group (p0.05). In 3 months those indices made up 10±2.1 and 35±12.6 mm (p0.001), respectively. In the main group the result was assessed as the excellent and good in 22 patients, in the rest of patients as satisfactory by d’Aubigné-Postel Score. In the control group the good result was recorded in 9, satisfactory — in 47 and poor — in 4 cases.Conclusion. Meloxicam may be considered as an effective perioperative analgesic in large joints arthroplasty.

scholarly journals The effect of delivery ball and warm shower on the childbirth experience of nulliparous women: A randomized controlled clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
parvaneh sharifipour ◽  
Masoomeh Kheirkhah ◽  
Mojgan Rajati ◽  
hamid haghani
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Childbirth Experience ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Childbirth is a unique experience that affects women’s life. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the effect of delivery ball and warm shower on the childbirth experience of primiparous women. Methods This study is a clinical trial that was carried out on primiparous pregnant women referred to Motazedi Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran. Sampling was done by continuous method and pregnant women were divided into three groups of delivery ball-warm shower (n = 33), delivery ball (n = 33) and control (n = 33). Exercise with ball at the dilation of 4 cm was similar in the two groups of delivery ball-warm shower and delivery ball, but the first group also used warm shower at the dilatation of 7 cm. The control group only received the routine delivery care. Demographic information form consisting of pregnancy history and information about the mother and infant were completed and the childbirth experience questionnaire (CEQ) were completed by the women two hours after the childbirth. Results There was a statistically significant difference in the mean score of childbirth experience after the intervention between the two groups of delivery ball-warm shower and control (P = 0.001), and also between the delivery ball and control groups (P = 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of professional support between the two groups of delivery ball-warm shower and control (P = 0.02) and also between the delivery ball and control groups (p = 0.02). There was a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of participation between the two groups of delivery ball-warm shower and control (P = 0.003) and also between the delivery ball and control groups (P = 0.01). There was also a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of sense of security between the two groups of delivery ball-warm shower and control (P = 0.01). Conclusion Delivery ball and warm shower were effective interventions to create a positive childbirth experience. This method was more effective than using delivery ball alone in childbirth experience. To achieve a positive experience of childbirth in mothers, the use of both intervention (delivery ball and warm shower) is recommended.

scholarly journals Associations of SNP rs_7927894 of FLG gene and TARC/CCL17 with atopic dermatitis in children

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
V.O. Dityatkovsky ◽  
◽  
O.E. Abaturov ◽  
N.V. Naumenko ◽  
O.O. Alifirenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Severity Degree

One of the main genetic factors of the development of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children are single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the filagrin gene (FLG), particularly rs_7927894 FLG. One of the mostly studied and promising AD marker chemokines (CK) is the thymusE and activation regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17). Purpose – to detect the associations and role of different variants of SNP rs_7927894 FLG gene and TARC/CCL17 in children suffering different AD clinical proE files (CP) – isolated or combined with comorbid atopic disorders (AtD). Materials and methods. The main group comprised 39 patients aged 3 to 18 years, suffering the isolated AD or combined with comorbid AtD. The control group comprised 47 patients aged 3 to 18 years, suffering the pathology of gastrointestinal tract without clinical signs of atopy. All the patients of the main and control groups had undergone detection of the genotype variants of SNP rs_7927894 FLG gene by real-time polymerase chain reaction and detection of TARC/CCL17 serum concentrations in venous blood. The cutEoff value of statistical significance was set as p<0.05. Results. The incidence and association of genotype variants C/C, C/T and T/T SNP rs_7927894 FLG gene in patients of cohorts of the studied groups were detected as follows: C/T rs_7927894 FLG was significantly the most common in the general main group (56.4%, p<0.05), within the cohort of CP AD isolated (61.1%, p<0.05) and CP of AD combined with comorbid AtD (52.4%, p<0.05). There were detected the associations of studied SNP with AD: C/T rs_7927894 FLG is significantly directly associated with AD (r=0.291, p<0.05), C/C rs_7927894 FLG has a reverse association with a trend to significance (r=-0.194, p=0.07). Mean serum concentrations of TARC/CCL17 did not differ significantly among patients cohorts of the main and control groups, respectively: general main group — 615.8 pg/ml, main with a CP AD isolated — 651.3 pg/ml, main with a CP of AD combined with comorbid AtD — 585.4 pg/ml, control — 608.4 pg/ml (p>0.05). Associations of serum TARC/CCL17 concentrations were determined as follows: elevation trending to significance within increasing AD severity degree (r=0.290, p=0.07) and significant elevation within the AD exhacerbation period (r=0.426, p<0.05). No significant association of TARC/CCL17 as to AD patients compared to the control group was detected in our study (r=-0.027, p>0.05). Conclusions. The genotype heterozygote variant C/T rs_7927894 FLG is significantly the most common and associated with all AD CP in children — isolated and combined with comorbid AtD. Variant C/C rs_7927894 of FLG gene is significantly reversely associated with AD in children. Serum concentrations of TARC/CCL17 did not reveal any significant differences between the AD patients and nonEatopic ones. However, they significantly elevate within AD exacerbation phase and trending to significance within AD severity degree increase in children. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of all participating institutions. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: atopic dermatitis, children, associations, polymorphism, filaggrin, thymus- and activation regulated chemokine.

scholarly journals Study on Serum Levels of Thyroid Hormones and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone in Different Trimester of Normal Pregnancy

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Zinat Begum ◽  
Rezina Akhtar Banu ◽  
TH Zahra Moon Moon
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum T3 ◽  
Serum T4 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Objective: The present study was conducted to study the changes in serum levels of thyroid hormones and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in different trimesters of normal pregnancy. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Rangpur Medical College Hospital over a period 1 year from July 2008 to June 2009. Apparently healthy pregnant women aged between 20 - 35 years were consecutively included in the study. Patients suffering from thyroid disorders or any other systemic diseases and lactating mothers were excluded from the study. A total of 100 subjects - 75 pregnant women (25 selected from each trimester of pregnancy) and 25 non-pregnant women were purposively selected as case and control groups respectively. Result: The mean age was almost identically distributed between the two groups (23.8 ± 3.9 vs. 24.9 ±4.6, p = 0.343). Lower class patient was predominant in case and control group (68% vs. 64%, p =0.756). The mean serum T3 level was higher in case group compared to control group. The mean serum T3 level was identically distributed in 1st and 3rd trimester (p = 0.536 and p = 0.145 respectively) but significant difference was found in 2nd trimester (p = 0.001). The mean serum T4 level of control group did not experience any change throughout the whole observation period. The serum T4 level was 210 nmol/L at 1st trimester then it began to increase almost a plateau at 2nd   trimester and then gradually dropped 232.2 nmol/L at third trimester. The mean serum TSH level was 1.1 mIU/L at 1st trimester then it began to increase sharply assumed a mean score 1.3 mIU/L at 2nd trimester. From 2nd trimester onwards it began to decrease upto the end of observation when no change in the non-pregnant women in 1st, 2nd & 3rd trimester. Conclusion: Thyroid hormones (T3, T4) increase in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy and fall again in the 3rdtrimester but TSH does not experience any significant change throughout the pregnancy. Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2012; 2(2): 19-23

scholarly journals The Effect of Interventional Program on Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy and Duration of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Pregnant Women in Ahvaz, Iran

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Ansari ◽  
Parvin Abedi ◽  
Shirin Hasanpoor ◽  
Soheila Bani
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control

Objective. This study aimed to determine the effect of educational program on Breastfeeding self-efficacy and duration of exclusive breastfeeding in pregnant women in Ahvaz, Iran. Methods. This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 120 nulliparous pregnant women who tended to breastfeed. The primary self-efficacy scores of samples were measured using Faux and Dennis breastfeeding self-efficacy questionnaire. Women were randomly recruited into two intervention and control groups. Educational program (two training sessions, each lasted two hours) with two days interval was performed for intervention group. One month after delivery, self-efficacy scores were determined. Six months after child birth, duration of exclusive breastfeeding was assessed. Data were analyzed by means of descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings. The breastfeeding self-efficacy in the intervention group increased significantly compared to the control group one month after delivery (123.6 versus 101.7, P<0.001). The duration of exclusive breastfeeding was significantly higher in the intervention group (5.03 mo versus 2.7 mo, P<0.001). Also, there was a significant relationship between breastfeeding self-efficacy and duration of exclusive breastfeeding (P<0.001). Conclusion. The educational program could increase the self-efficacy and exclusive breastfeeding duration of mothers. These results can draw the attention of authorities to the importance of educational programs for mothers regarding the exclusive breastfeeding.

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