scholarly journals Resolution of the plenum of the interdepartmental scientific council on obstetrics and gynecology, RAMS M3 RF

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-8
Author(s):  
Editorial Board
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Main Peak ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
Oncological Diseases

Over the past 10 years in Russia, there has been an intensive increase in the incidence of malignant tumors of the reproductive system in women, whose share in the structure of oncological diseases amounted to 36.9%. The current situation is primarily due to an increase in the incidence of malignant tumors of the mammary gland, endometrium, and ovaries. The incidence of breast cancer is growing at a particularly fast pace. Over the past decade, the indicators have increased by more than 70%. The emerging trend towards a decrease in the incidence of cervical cancer in the 70-80s was replaced by a new rise in the period 1990-1999, mainly due to the II-III stages of the disease. The main peak of incidence corresponds to the age period of 56-65 years with a tendency to "rejuvenate" breast cancer up to 35-50 years.

scholarly journals THE MORBIDITY OF MAMMARY GLAND CANCER OF FEMALE POPULATION OF THE SIBERIAN FEDERAL DISTRICT

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Irina N. Odintsova ◽  
L. F. Pisareva ◽  
O. A. Ananina ◽  
E. V. Panferova
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Divorce Rate ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Siberian Federal District ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Mammary Gland Cancer

The breast cancer is one of main localizations among malignant tumors in women of the Siberian Federal District. In the structure of morbidity it holds first place with such percentage as 20.4% and index of morbidity makes up to 51.2 per 100 000 of female population. The territories with increased and decreased risk are established. The features of prevalence of disease in a certain degree are conditioned by differences in demographic characteristics of populations. The indices of life-span, birth-rate in fertile age and divorce rate effect the level of morbidity of breast cancer in population.

scholarly journals Vacuum-assisted aspiration biopsy in mammology practice. Analysis of 3-year experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
S. S. Skurikhin ◽  
Yu. V. Suvorova
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Ultrasound Guidance ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Aspiration Biopsy ◽  
Practice Analysis ◽  
High Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Ultrasound Monitoring ◽  
Residual Tissue

Objective: to analyze the 3-year experience of vacuum-assisted aspiration biopsy under ultrasound guidance in patients with focal mammary neoplasms in categories BIRADS 2–5.Materials and methods. The totals of 121 interventions were performed in 121 patients. In 9 (7.4 %) cases there were more than 1 node in the mammary gland.Results. In 97.7 % cases the removed formations were benign. The breast cancer was detected in 5 (2.3 %) cases; there were cases of malignant tumors in each category according to the BIRADS scale. The complications were registered in 15 (12.3 %) cases and did not require surgical treatment. In 77 (63.3 %) cases the results of ultrasound monitoring were obtained in 6 months after the removal of formations, residual tissue was detected in 6 (4.9 %) patients.Conclusions. The vacuum-assisted aspiration biopsy, thus, has a high diagnostic accuracy; the number of completely removed benign formations allows us to consider the method as an alternative to sectoral resection. It is worth saying that a high percentage of complications is associated with the stage of mastering the method; all complications were resolved conservatively.

scholarly journals Polineoplasia in patients with cervical cancer in the Chelyabinsk region of Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
S. A. Bekhtereva ◽  
A. S. Domogirova ◽  
A. V. Vazhenin ◽  
I. A. Aksenova
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Synchronous Tumors ◽  
Cumulative Survival ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region ◽  
Metachronous Tumors

The purpose of the study was to analyze the incidence of primary-multiple cancer (PMC) of the female reproductive system according to the population cancer register of the Chelyabinsk region for 15 years (1999-2013) using the example of PMC of the cervix. Carry out an analysis of the adjusted cumulative survival in the group of patients with PMC of the cervix as compared with solitary cervical cancer.Material and methods. The material was processed using the classification of Zisman I. F. and Kirichenko G. D. (1978) on the sequence of tumors: metachronous, synchronous, mechatronic-synchronous and synchronous-metachronous. The interval of metachronousness is 6 months. The survival rates of cancer patients in the Chelyabinsk region were calculated automatically with the use of the computer program "Calculation of survival rates" — an application to the population-based cancer registry of OOO Novell-SPb. Using the method of continuous sampling, we carried out a retrospective analysis of the case histories of patients with PMC of the female reproductive system treated in the SBEO CRCOD for 15 years (1999-2013).Results. During the period under review, 82 patients with PMC of the cervix uteri were examined, metachronous tumors prevailed in 55 (67.1%), synchronous tumors developed in 27 (33.75%). In the group of metachronous tumors in 12 (21.8%) patients had a combination of three tumors. Three (5.45%) patients had a combination of four tumors. Analysis of combinations of cervical cancer showed that more often, the cervical cancer metachronically met with breast cancer 35% (14 patients), endometrial cancer 17.5% (7 patients), ovarian cancer 7.5% (3 patients). Synchronously cervical cancer was more often combined with breast cancer 42.8% (9 patients), endometrium 28.6% (6 patients), ovaries 23.8% (5 patients) and rectal cancer 4.8% (1 patient).The results of calculation of the index of the adjusted cumulative survival of the study group of the PMC of the cervix showed that in the group of metachronous tumors, survival rates were significantly higher than in the group of synchronous tumors: single-year survival was 84.8 ± 6.3% against 82.4 ± 9.2, three-year survival — 66.8 ± 7.8% against 47, 1 ± 12.1, and five years after the diagnosis, 53.8 ± 8.6% of patients survived.Conclusion. Thus, patients with cervical cancer are at risk of developing cancer of other localizations that share common etiopathogenetic factors, such as HPV infection in women, hormonal disorders.

APPLICATION OF ELASTOGRAPHY FOR DIAGNOSIS BREAST TUMORS

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Huong Tran Thi Song ◽  
Yen Vo Thi Kim ◽  
Quan Nguyen Phuoc Bao
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Normal Breast ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Soft Or ◽  
The Past ◽  
2D Ultrasound ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
A New Technique

Breast tumor is common in women. Benign tumors account for 80%, malignant tumors account for 20%. Breast cancer is the most common and deadly cancer among women, including Vietnam. Elastography, evaluates the stiffness of the tissue, helps to distinguish soft or hard tumors, which can help distinguish benign or malignant. Benign lesions tend to be softer than malignant lesions. There are two types of elastography: SE (Strain Elastography) and Shear Ware Elastography (SWE). In examining breast lesions, the maligne tumor tends to be stronger and the higher the velocity. Studies have shown that the SWE features should be combined with 2D ultrasound to complement the BIRADS classification. Elastography is a new technique that has emerged in the past few years, promising good diagnostic prospects, more and more research and application of elastography in diagnostics breast lesions. Breast elastogarphy, survey of hardness of breast cancer showed 4 times higher than that of benign tumor and 7 folds of normal breast tissue.

Clinical signs of genital papillomavirus infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
G. I. Shaimardanova ◽  
A. M. Savicheva ◽  
S. Ya. Maximov
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Basic Group ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Anogenital Area

702 women were observed: the basic group consisted оf 450patients with sexual-transmitted infections (STI); control group included 252 women without STI. 19 women with oncological diseases of reproductive system were specially examined.The women with genital papillomavirus infection complained of itch, burning, and warts of anogenital area. The most widespread diseases in STI patients were cervical pseudoerosion and endocervicitis. In presence of HPV of high oncogenic risk in these women endocervicitis, vaginal warts and vulvovaginitis were diagnosed.High oncogenic risk of HPV was noticed in all women with the established diagnosis of cervical cancer.

Organizational aspects of improving primary diagnosticsmalignant neoplasms of visual localizations in the rural municipal area

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-239
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Vazhenin ◽  
Natalya V. Voroshina ◽  
Alla S. Domozhirova
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Municipal District ◽  
Central District

Background. The proportion of malignant neoplasms detected at the IIIIV stages of the disease in Chelyabinsk region is large and 43.9%. Breast cancer in 2018 was detected at stages IIIIV at 24% and cervical cancer at 51.14%. Despite the fact that malignant neoplasms of vulva and vagina are diagnosed annually in isolated cases, the level of neglect reaches 66.7 and 100% respectively, which makes it necessary to develop organizational measures. Aims to increase the level of detection of visual localities OF female reproductive system organs in the early stages with the involvement of oncologists of regional clinics in the primary diagnosis. Materials and methods. Patients with malignant neoplasms of the reproductive system of visual localizations, first identified in the examining cabinet of the polyclinic of the central district hospital, geographically located and functionally subordinate oncologist of the rural municipal district. Comparative assessment of early detection of tumors in an area with high breast cancer and cervical cancer and results following the introduction of a new organizational structure. Results. Patients with malignant neoplasms of the reproductive system of visual localizations, first identified in the examining cabinet of the polyclinic of the central district hospital, geographically located and functionally subordinate oncologist of the rural municipal district. Comparative assessment of early detection of tumors in an area with high breast cancer and cervical cancer and results following the introduction of a new organizational structure. Conclusions. The involvement of oncologist of territorial polyclinics to participate in preventive examinations, which were previously within the competence of the medical assistant of the Examining Cabinet, during the first year of work increased detection and reduced the incidence of breast and cervical cancer by 8.3 and 3.7% respectively. The creation of the Breast Pathology Center in the regional oncology center, at the third level of specialized medical care on the profile of oncology, allowed to reduce the frequency of malignancy of benign and pre-cancer breast diseases.

c-Myc in breast cancer.

2000 ◽  
pp. 143-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
D J Liao ◽  
R B Dickson
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Malignancy ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
Myc Gene ◽  
Growth Metabolism

Ever since Bishop and his co-workers discovered the c-myc gene in the late 1970s (Bishop 1982), voluminous literature has documented its central role in proliferation and malignant transformation of human and animal cells (Amati et al. 1998, Bouchard et al. 1998, Dang et al. 1999). Most, if not all, types of human malignancy have been reported to have amplification and/or overexpression of this gene, although the frequency of these alterations varies greatly among different reports (Nesbit et al. 1999). In 1992, researchers started to realize that aberrant expression of c-myc could cause apoptosis (Evan et al. 1992, Shi et al. 1992), although the phenomenon had actually been observed much earlier (Wurm et al. 1986). Studies in recent years have further shown that the c-myc gene regulates growth, both in the sense of cell size and in the context of tissue differentiation (Gandarillas & Watt 1997, Iritani & Eisenman 1999, Johnston et al. 1999, Schmidt 1999, Schuhmacher et al. 1999). Thus, it is now known that the c-myc gene participates in most aspects of cellular function, including replication, growth, metabolism, differentiation, and apoptosis (Packham & Cleveland 1995, Hoffman & Liebermann 1998, Dang 1999, Dang et al. 1999, Elend & Eilers 1999, Prendergast 1999). How the c-Myc protein may be specifically directed to perform one, but not the others, of these functions is still obscure, despite the fact that the relevant literature has been accumulating at a fast pace in the past two decades. This review focuses on the profound roles of c-Myc in breast cancer and in the actions of the hormones that are eitologically related to breast cancer.

scholarly journals Gynecological aspects in the trends in morbidity and mortality from cancer of the reproductive system

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
L. A. Ashrafyan ◽  
E. G. Novikova
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
The Past ◽  
Diagnostic Center

The article discusses the incidence rates of cancer of the reproductive system organs (mammary gland, endometrium, ovaries, cervix) in Moscow in 1999, analyzes the trend of these indicators over the past 10 years, substantiates the need to revise the principles of the primary care of the obstetric and gynecological service (female consultations), a model of a gynecological diagnostic center is proposed

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION OF THE FOLATE METABOLISM GENES WITH THE RISK FOR LUNG, PROSTATE, BREAST AND UTERINE CANCER

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N Shilova ◽  
Olga S. Shkoda ◽  
V. V Lomivorotov ◽  
J. N Shilova
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Uterine Cancer ◽  
Folate Metabolism ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Folate Cycle

We examined 324 patients with various oncological diseases (157 patients with prostate cancer, 54 - with lung cancer, 47 - with uterine cancer, 42 - with cervical cancer and 24 patients - with breast cancer) and 391 relatively healthy donors. We investigated the frequency of key polymorphisms of folate metabolism genes (MTHFR: 677 C>T (Ala222Val); MTHFR: 1298 A>C (Glu429Ala); MTR: 2756 A>G (Asp919Glu); MTRR: 66 A>G (Ile22Met)). Analysis revealed no differences in the frequency of all examined gene polymorphisms and alleles between patients with oncological diseases and relatively healthy donors. All investigated genotypes and alleles of key folate cycle genes were not associated with the risk for the development of oncological diseases.

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