Prevalence of periodontal disease in children and adolescents

1999 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-72
Author(s):  
V. Y. Khitrov ◽  
L. S. Ageeva ◽  
N. K. Khamitova ◽  
E. V. Mamaeva ◽  
N. V. Berezina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Facial Skeleton

Periodontal diseases in children and adolescents are quite common, as a result of various reasons: geographic conditions, diet, poor oral hygiene, occlusion pathology, anomalies in the attachment of soft tissues of the oral cavity to the facial skeleton, etc.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Oral Hygiene in Patients with Generalized Periodontitis of II Degree and Stage II Hypertension

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 2016419
Author(s):  
Tetiana Vivcharenko ◽  
Mykola Rozhko
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
The Status

Generalized periodontitis is the most common form of periodontal pathology, especially in the second half of life. Nowadays, the problem of periodontal disease is relevant due to its high prevalence, tendency to progression, multifaceted influence on the dentoalveolar system and the whole organism as well as uncertain treatment. Therefore, there is a need to find optimal ways of prevention and treatment of this disease. Close relationships between periodontal pathology and systemic diseases, such as hypertension, which affects every 2nd-3rd adult were determined.The objective of the research was to determine the status of oral cavity hygiene in patients with generalized periodontitis of II degree and stage II hypertension.Materials and methods. The study included 30 patients with generalized periodontitis of II degree and stage II hypertension being treated in the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Clinical Cardiology Dispensary; the average age ranged from 35 to 54 years (the main group). The control group included 10 patients of the same age without generalized periodontitis and somatic pathology .The status of oral cavity hygiene was determined using the Green Vermillion index. The diagnosis of periodontal disease was made on the basis of the classification proposed by M.F. Danilevskyi. The obtained results were subjected to variation-statistical analysis using statistical package “Stat Soft 6.0”; classical methods of variational statistics were applied; mean values and their reliability were evaluated.Results. The results of examination showed poor oral hygiene in almost all patients. The analysis of hygienic indices showed the following results: in patients of the main group, the Green Vermillion index was 1.99 ± 0.13 points (p<0.001) which corresponds to unsatisfactory level of oral hygiene. In patients of the control group, this index was 1.10 ± 0.17 points which corresponds to satisfactory level of oral hygiene. According to the index, 9 (30.0%) patients of the main group had satisfactory oral hygiene, 12 (40.0%) patients had poor oral hygiene, and in 9 (30.0%) patients, poor oral hygiene was observed.In the control group, 2 (20.0%) patients had good oral hygiene, 6 (60.0%) patients had satisfactory oral hygiene and in 2 (20.0%) patients, unsatisfactory oral hygiene was observed. There were no patients with poor oral hygiene. The analysis of the indicators of the Green Vermillion index showed that in case of the pathological process exacerbation the oral hygiene status in patients deteriorated.Conclusions. The level of oral hygiene in patients of both groups was low due to incorrect selection of personal hygiene products or their untimely replacement. In patients with generalized periodontitis of II degree and stage II hypertension, the level of oral hygiene was lower than in somatically healthy persons: the worse status of oral cavity hygiene – the more pronounced changes in the periodontal tissues. We can suppose that high blood pressure affects the status of the oral cavity, creates a higher risk and exacerbates the periodontal diseases.

Surveying adherence of dental clinic patients to preventive measures in oral cavity

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Kudryavtseva ◽  
V. V. Tachalov ◽  
E. S. Loboda ◽  
L. Yu. Orekhova ◽  
E. Yu. Nechai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

Relevance. Periodontal diseases are a medical and social problem due to the wide spread among the population of developed countries and the impact on the quality of life. Among the many factors that are important in the development of inflammatory periodontal diseases, an important role is played by adherence to the recommendations of the dentist in respecting oral hygiene. Aim of the work was to study the adherence of patients of the dental clinic to compliance with preventive measures in the oral cavity.Materials and methods. A total of 98 patients of dental clinic, 62 female (medial age 38,6 ± 14,0 years) and 36 male (medial age 37,2±13,1 years) participated in survey. The study participants flled in the profle and answered questions about age, gender, harmful working conditions and bad habits, frequency of visits to the dental clinic, attitudes to the prevention of dental diseases, knowledge about the means and methods of oral hygiene.Results. As a result of the study, it was found that in the vast majority of cases, respondents are employed in production that does not adversely affect their health (91%), only 8% of patients indicated harmful working conditions.Conclusions. The study revealed that, despite the recommendations of the dentist, patients are not always committed to the implementation of preventive measures in the oral cavity. Dentists need to motivate patients to use not only the usual methods and means of hygiene, but also additional ones necessary for maintaining dental health.

scholarly journals The occurrence of Entamoeba gingivalis among patients with periodontal disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Luszczak ◽  
Michal Bartosik ◽  
Jolanta Rzymowska ◽  
Agnieszka Sochaczewska-Dolecka ◽  
Ewa Tomaszek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Oral Diseases

AbstractAccording to some studies, the Entamoeba gingivalis colonizing the gingival tissue is an important agent in bringing about periodontitis. Other studies, however, deem it an opportunist that is able to survive in the medium induced by periodontal disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Entamoeba gingivalis infection in patients from the Department of Periodontology, and compare this population with that of healthy people, so as to analyze the relationships between infection and patient sex and age. The result of this work is that in both groups, a correlation (p = 0,19) has been noted between the occurrence of amoebae and other diseases in the oral cavity. Indeed, 81,4% of all patients with some periodontal disease showed the presence of amoeba. Among those who are not afflicted with oral diseases, the presence of amoeba was indicated in 62,5% of the total. In addition, a correlation between the person's age and the presence of protozoa (p = 0,15) was strongly marked among women (p = 0,19). In the three age groups of women in this study (40-49, 60-69, and above 80 years), we observed a 100% presence of protozoa.Our study leads us to the conclusion that infections with Entamoeba gingivalis should be regarded as an factor that is associated with the pathological changes occurring in patients with periodontal diseases.

scholarly journals BANA-Positive Plaque Samples Are Associated with Oral Hygiene Practices and Not CD4+ T Cell Counts in HIV-Positive Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Nisha John ◽  
Lawrence Xavier Graham Stephen ◽  
Charlene Wilma Joyce Africa
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Clinical Indices

Background. The “red complex” microorganisms, namely,Porphyromonas gingivalis,Treponema denticola, andTannerella forsythiaare considered as potential pathogens causing HIV-associated periodontal diseases. Moreover, it has been recognized that an association exists between CD4+ T cell counts and periodontal disease progression.Objective. To establish whether CD4+ T cell counts or oral hygiene plays a greater role in producing BANA-positive results in HIV-associated periodontal disease.Materials and Methods. One hundred and twenty HIV-positive patients participated in the study, and their CD4+ T cell counts were obtained from their medical records. The six Ramfjord teeth were used for evaluating periodontal clinical indices and subgingival plaque sampling. BANA test was used for the detection and prevalence of the “red complex” bacteria in plaque samples.Results. A majority of 69.17% HIV-positive patients were BANA-positive. No significant associations were found between BANA and CD4+ T cell counts. A highly significant association was found between BANA with probing depth and clinical attachment level (P≤0.0001) and between BANA and the use of interdental aids (P=0.0168).Conclusion. HIV-associated periodontal diseases are strongly related to oral hygiene practices rather than the effect of CD4+ T cell counts, and the use of interdental aids was marked as a significant predictor of BANA-negative plaque samples.

scholarly journals Capnocytophaga gingivalis Bacteremia After Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Immunocompromised Patient

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 232470962110206
Author(s):  
Folake J. Lawal ◽  
Stephanie L. Baer
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Immunocompromised Patient ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Oral Flora ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Odontogenic bacteremia, most commonly involving gram-positive oral flora, can result from daily self-care practices or professional dental procedures. Though usually transient and quickly cleared by the immune system, the presence of periodontal disease increases the frequency of exposure and risk of persistence of oral-systemic infections. Comorbidities such as asplenia, alcoholism, and immunocompromise increase the risk of complications of hematogenous spread and severe systemic illness. Capnocytophaga is a genus of anaerobic fastidious gram-negative bacilli, which is a common member of human oral flora, and its density is proportional to mass of dental plaques and periodontal diseases. Capnocytophaga spp that colonize humans are less virulent and are uncommon causes of bacteremia when compared with the Capnocytophaga typical of canines. C gingivalis has been rarely reported as a cause of disease in immunocompromised or immunocompetent hosts. In this article, we present a case of an immunocompromised 70-year-old man with poor oral hygiene, on methotrexate and prednisone for rheumatoid arthritis and sarcoidosis, who was admitted for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation and developed C gingivalis bacteremia and septic shock after an episode of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Poor oral hygiene in our patient is believed to have increased his risk as an immunocompromised patient to developing C gingivalis bacteremia. This case highlights the importance of oral care in immunocompromised patients especially while hospitalized, and those about to receive transplant, chemotherapy, or on immune modulators.

scholarly journals The existence of Entarnoeba Gingivalis in the oral cavity with mild oral hygiene

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Rachmawati
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Periodontal Index

Entamoeba gingivalis is protozoa (non-pathogen amoeba) that lives in the oral cavity and act as opportunistic parasite. The parasite is most common found within oral cavity with advance periodontal disease. This study aimed to find the existence Entamoeba gingivalis within oral cavity with mild oral hygiene. The study was conducted by making preparation of plaque taken from patient's oral cavity with mild oral hygiene. The degree of oral hygiene was determined by using Silness and Loe Index and Ramfjord Periodontal Index. The number of Entamoeba gingivalis was gained by counting them from the preparation examined under microscope. The result demonstrates that mild oral hygiene has a high percentage of Entamoeba gingivalis is that 80 % either for various plaque index or ages.

scholarly journals ORAL HYGIENE BURUK PASIEN RAWAT INAP TIDAK BERKAITAN DENGAN PERTUMBUHAN ORAL CANDIDIASIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Addina Aimana Sabila ◽  
Ade Ismail A.K ◽  
Rochman Mujayanto
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Background: Nosocomial infections can develop in the oral cavity due to poor oral hygiene. Oral Candidiasis is one of the most frequent nosocomial infection in oral cavity. The objective of this study is to describe the oral hygiene and oral candidiasis in hospitalized patients. Method: This analitical observational study used cross sectional design. Subject of the study were 74 adult patients aged 20-65 who are hospitalized at the Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital Semarang. Oral hygiene assessed from the presence of debris and calculus on the tooth surface using Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHIS) that were grouped in three categories (good, moderate, bad). Oral candidiasis diagnosed through clinical examination and swab procedure of suspicious lesions, and identified the presence of its spores and hyphae under a microscope observation. Kendal Tau test is used to analyze the correlation between oral hygiene with oral candidiasis. Results: Results showed patients with oral candidiasis in the poor and moderate oral hygiene were 29.7% and 1.4%, whereas patients without oral candidiasis in the poor and moderate oral hygiene were 60.8% and 8.1%. Kendall Tau correlation test results p value of 0.235 (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Conclusion of this study showed there is no association between oral hygiene with oral candidiasis.

Bacterial Adhesion to Oral Tissues: A Model for Infectious Diseases

1989 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 750-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Gibbons
Keyword(s):  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Human Saliva ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Mucosal Surfaces

The majority of bacteria which colonize humans display sharp host and tissue tropisms; consequently, relatively little is known about how they initiate colonization on mucosal surfaces. The mouth has a variety of features which have enabled it to serve as a useful model for the discovery of basic principles of host-parasite interactions occurring in mucosal environments. Early studies demonstrated that indigenous bacteria attach to surfaces of the mouth in a highly selective manner; attachment was often observed to correlate with colonization. These studies led to the recognition that bacterial attachment is an essential step for colonization in environments which contain surfaces exposed to a fluid flow. Bacterial adhesion has subsequently grown into a major area of infectious disease research. Many bacteria have been found to possess proteinaceous components, called "adhesins", on their surfaces which bind in a stereochemically specific manner to complementary molecules, or "receptors", on the tissue surface. Adhesins are often lectins which bind to saccharide receptors, but some adhesins are thought to bind to proteinaceous receptors. Studies of components of human saliva, which adsorb to hydroxyapatite (HA) surfaces similar to those of teeth, and promote the attachment of prominent plaque bacteria, have revealed that the acidic proline-rich proteins (PRPs) promote the attachment of several important bacteria. These include strains of Actinomyces viscosus, Bacteroides gingival is, some strains of Streptococcus mutans, and others. The salivary PRP's are a unique family of molecules. However, segments of PRPs are structurally related to collagen. This may be significant, since B. gingivalis and certain cariogenic streptococci bind to collagenous substrata, and such interactions may facilitate their invasion into gingival tissues, or into dentin or cementum, respectively. Another unexpected observation was that although A. viscosus and other bacteria bind avidly to PRPs adsorbed onto apatitic surfaces, they do not interact with PRPs in solution. PRP molecules evidently undergo a conformational change when they adsorb to HA, and adhesins of A. viscosus recognize cryptic segments which are only exposed in adsorbed molecules. This provides the bacteria with a mechanism for efficiently attaching to teeth while suspended in saliva. It also offers a molecular explanation for their sharp tropisms for human teeth. It has proven convenient to refer to such hidden receptors for bacterial adhesins as "cryptitopes" (from cryptic, meaning hidden, and topo, meaning place). The generation of cryptitopes due to conformational changes or because of enzymatic modifications appears to be involved in the colonization of several bacteria on mucosal surfaces. In addition, there is evidence which suggests that elevated levels of neuraminidases and proteases associated with poor oral hygiene and gingivitis may also generate cryptitopes which promote colonization of certain Gram-negative bacteria associated with destructive periodontal diseases. These enzymes concurrently destroy receptors required for attachment of relatively benign species such as S. mitis and S. sanguis. Thus, the elevated levels of enzymes previously reported present in crevicular fluid and saliva of individuals with poor oral hygiene appear to have the potential to modulate bacterial colonization.

scholarly journals CONDITIONS OF THE ORAL CAVITY STATUS IN YOUTH WITH ALIMENTARY-CONSTITUTIONAL FORM OF OBESITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
M. Skrypnyk ◽  
T. Petrushanko ◽  
T. Kryvoruchko ◽  
K. Neporada
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Mild Degree ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Second Degree

Obesity prevalence has significantly increased especially in young adults, which is caused by a particular lifestyle, food quality and dietary behavior. Obesity leads to development of huge array of comorbid conditions such as arterial hypertonia, heart stroke, arthritis and other diseases. We conducted standard clinical examination of oral cavity of 154 young patients (18-21 years old) – all of them were students of Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy. It has been determined that the majority of patients with BMI >30 kg/cm2 have aggravated family heredity, in 66,2% cases one parent of obese students had obesity and 32,43% patients have both parents with obesity that is significantly higher compared with persons with normal BMI and overweight. There was a high prevalence of periodontal diseases about 74% and carious lesions of teeth - 97.4% among young people despite the age and contingent of examined patients - medical students. In patients with BMI >30 kg/cm2 prevalence of generalized forms of gingivitis and periodontitis was by three times higher compared with individuals with normal BMI. The values of oral hygienic indexes were poor in all examined groups, but their values were slightly lower in patients with normal BMI than in those with overweight and obesity. The prevalence of inflammatory changes in gums was higher in persons with obesity: all of them had a mild degree of lesions in periodontal tissues. Inflammatory processes in the gums were the most intense in patients with the second degree of obesity. According to the results of the study, the presence of the first and the second degree of obesity should be considered as a risk factor triggering periodontal tissues diseases. For persons with BMI >30 kg/cm2 with periodontal disease measures for the secondary prevention of inflammatory and inflammatory dystrophic periodontal diseases should be carried out and in persons without periodontal disease on the background of obesity measures primary prevention should be done.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF DENTAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS AND THEIR SEX PARTNERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
A.D. Krutikova
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Initial Degree ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Atopobium Vaginae

Patients with bacterial vaginosis are diagnosed with chronic generalized inflammatory and inflammatory-dystrophic periodontal diseases, such as chronic catarrhal gingivitis, periodontitis of initial and first severity. The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of the treatment of inflammatory and inflammatory-dystrophic periodontal diseases in women with bacterial vaginosis and their sexual partners. Materials and methods. 28 heterosexual couples aged 18-45 years took part in the survey. Clinical dental examination was performed at the time of treatment and 3 months after completion of treatment. Green-Vermilion indices, RMA (in Parma modification), complex periodontal index according to Leus (KPI), Svrakov's number were determined. Both groups of patients were examined for the presence of Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae in the oral cavity by PCR testing. The therapeutic course was the same for all groups of patients. General therapy included: "Fluconazole" 50 mg 1 time per day (7 days), "Clindamycin" 150 mg every 6 hours (5 days), starting from the 3rd day of antibiotics - probiotic "Symbiter acidophilus concentrated "(21 days), Calcium-D3-Nycomed 1 tab. during dinner 30 days. Local treatment included: oral baths of the drug "Stomatophyte" after morning and evening hygienic procedures (7 days), application of "Metrogil-dent" on the gums (7 days), the drug "Lizak" 1 tab. keep in the mouth until complete dissolution every 6 hours (5 days), after the use of "Stomatophyte" and "Metrogil - dent" - application of "Symbiter omega" on the gums in silicone caps at night (21 days). Results. In women, chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis was detected in 10.71%, chronic generalized periodontitis of the initial degree in 64.29% and chronic generalized periodontitis of the I degree in 25%. In men who are carriers of pathogens of BV, chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis was found in 7.14%, chronic generalized periodontitis of the initial degree in 60.71% and chronic generalized periodontitis in grade 32.1. General and local dental treatment of women with bacterial vaginosis and their sexual partners showed a positive objective dynamics of dental status. Thus, after 3 months of clinical and laboratory observations, there were no complaints, the state of oral hygiene improved significantly. If before the treatment the Green-Vermilion index in general in women with BV was 1.323 ± 0.035 points, then after 3 months it was equal to 1.032 ± 0.021. A similar dynamics was determined in men: from the starting index of 1.336 ± 0.041, the Green-Vermilion index decreased to 1.048 ± 0.036. 3 months after treatment, the PMA of patients decreased by 49.03%, in men - by 51.95%, no significant difference between the indicators of groups I and II was registered, while the difference between the results in the middle of groups I and II is significant . According to the KPI index, women had a significant difference between baseline and post-treatment outcomes of 1.98 points, while men had a score of 2.01 points. No significant difference was found between the results of groups I and II both before and after treatment. A similar positive dynamics characterizes the indicator - Srakov's number, according to this indicator before treatment and after differences between groups was not detected. The significant difference between the indicators in the group of women and men was 2,789 and 2,831, respectively. Before treatment and after the detection rate in the oral cavity, Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae did not have a significant difference between the group of men and women, but there was a clear difference between the parameters obtained at the initial examination and 3 months after treatment in the middle and second groups. Thus, Gardnerella vaginalis was detected less by 67.87% and 61.59%, Atopobium vaginae - by 65.79% and 58.65% in women and men, respectively. Conclusions. The developed and patented treatment regimen for patients with bacterial vaginosis contributes to the regression of inflammatory phenomena, improves oral hygiene, and is suitable for the treatment of women with this comorbidity and for the treatment of their sexual partners. The dynamics of reducing the percentage of detection of bacterial vaginosis pathogens corresponded to the dynamics of the clinical picture of periodontal disease in both women with bacterial vaginosis and men who were their sexual partners, which once again confirms the equal effectiveness of treatment for both gender groups.

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