scholarly journals X-ray spectral microanalysis of the sternum in patients with congenital pectus excavatum

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 757-761
Author(s):  
V B Shamik
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Pectus Excavatum ◽  
Atomic Orbital ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Graphic Data ◽  
Mineral Matrix ◽  
And Control

Aim. To study the mineral composition of the sternum in patients with congenital funnel-shaped deformations of the chest. Methods. X-ray spectral microanalysis of the sternum was performed in 10 patients with pectus excavatum aged 1417 years (30 zones) on a scanning electron microscope with an accelerating voltage of 25 kV. The results of the sternum examination of 3 patients aged 1416 years (10 zones) operated on for other diseases were used as the control. Results. Graphic images of mineralization of each investigated zone of the sternum were obtained. As a result of processing the graphic data, the IBAS-200 system obtained average atomic orbital values, weight and atomic percent, net and background intensities and their ratios, intensity errors of the elements-constituents of mineral matrix of the sternum. The structures of the sternum in the main and control groups did not differ. The predominant elements are oxygen (O), phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca). Their net intensity in patients and in healthy subjects of the corresponding age was 101.162.78 and 99.231.97 (р 0.001), respectively; 402.382.23 and 421.281.99 (р 0,001); 586.412.37 and 601.321.99 (р 0.001). Net intensity of phosphorus and calcium in healthy children was higher by 2.54.5%, and that of oxygen was lower by 1.9%. An important indicator is the ratio of the net and background intensities of the elements. Conclusion. Net intensity of phosphorus and calcium in healthy children was higher, in the pathogenesis of the deformation of the chest, the sternum changes its shape secondarily.

Thyroid Functions in Children on Levetiracetam or Valproic Acid Therapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Karatoprak ◽  
Samet Paksoy
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Acid Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Tsh Levels

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the thyroid functions in children receiving levetiracetam or valproate monotherapy. We retrospectively reviewed the records of children with controlled epilepsy receiving valproic acid (VPA group) or levetiracetam monotherapy (LEV group) for at least 6 months. Free thyroxine 4 levels (fT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were compared between VPA group, LEV group, and age- and gender-matched healthy children (control group). A total of 190 children were included in the study: 63 were in the VPA, 60 in the LEV, and 67 in the control group. Although there was no significant difference regarding average fT4 levels, higher TSH levels were found in the VPA group when compared with the LEV and control groups (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in terms of fT4 and TSH values in the LEV group when compared with the control group (p = 0.56 and p = 0.61, respectively). Subclinical hypothyroidism (defined as a TSH level above 5 uIU/mL with a normal fT4 level was detected in 16% of patients in the VPA group, none in the LEV and control groups. Our study found that VPA therapy is associated with an increased risk of subclinical hypothyroidism while LEV had no effect on thyroid function tests.

scholarly journals The Prevalence and Characteristic of Sleep Problems among Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Anna Dyląg ◽  
Bożena Bańdo ◽  
Zbigniew Baran ◽  
Paulina Dumnicka ◽  
Katarzyna Kowalska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Diagnostic Center ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
And Control

Abstract BackgroundFetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) is a group of conditions resulting from prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). Patients with FASD experience a variety of neuropsychological symptoms resulting from central nervous system impairment. Little is known about sleep disorders associated with PAE. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and characterize sleep problems among individuals with FASD.Methods40 patients from FASD diagnostic center (median age 8 years (6; 11)) diagnosed with one of the FASD diagnosis and 40 patients from the control group (median age 10 years (8; 13)) participated in the study. In the 1st phase, the screening of sleep problems was performed with Child Sleep Habit Questionnaire (CSHQ) filled in by a caregiver. Those who scored above 41 points were qualified to the 2nd phase of the study in which in-lab attended polysomnography (PSG) was performed. The measurements consisted of electroencephalographic channels, left and right electrooculograms, chin electromyogram, left and right tibialis electromyogram, electrocardiogram, ventilatory monitoring, breathing effort, pulse oximetry, snoring and body position.ResultsThe number of participants with sleep disturbances was markedly higher in the study group as compared to controls (55% vs. 20%). The age-adjusted odds ratio for a positive result in CSHQ was 4.31 (95% CI: 1.54-12.11; p=0.005) for FASD patients as compared to the control group. Significant differences between the study and control groups were observed in the following subscales: sleep onset delay, night wakings , parasomnias , sleep disordered breathing, and daytime sleepiness. In PSG children from the FASD group and children from the control group experienced more arousals during the sleep than the children from the laboratory control group. ). There were no significant differences in comparison of respiratory indexes between FASD and control groups although indices in both groups were higher than previously published data for a normal population.ConclusionSleep disorders are more common among individuals with FASD than among healthy children. As distorted sleep can affect daily performance and worsen neurodevelopmental issues, it is vital for the pediatricians and other FASD specialists to include the question about sleep in the anamnesis.

scholarly journals The Phenotype Distribution of Paraoxonase-1 in Patients with Multiple Myeloma, Bladder, and Colorectal Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamit Yasar Ellidag ◽  
Esin Eren ◽  
Ozgur Aydin ◽  
Salim Neselioglu ◽  
Necat Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Phenotype Distribution ◽  
Serum Paraoxonase ◽  
And Control ◽  
Dual Substrate

Abstract Background: Human serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1) shows wide variation among different ethnic groups around the world. The aim of the present study was to determine the phenotype distribution and enzymatic activity of PON1 and ARE (arylesterase) in colorectal cancer (CRC), bladder cancer (BC) and multiple myeloma (MM) patients compared to healthy subjects. Methods: A total of 160 subjects (40 CRC patients, 40 BC patients, 40 MM patients and 40 healthy controls) were admitted to the study. The phenotype distribution of PON1 was determined by using the dual substrate (paraoxon and phenylacetate) method. Results: PON 1 and ARE activities were significantly lower in the cancer patients compared to the control group. The following phenotype distributions were assessed in the cancer and control groups: MM: 52.5% (QQ), 40% (QR), 7.5% (RR); CRC: 52.5% (QQ), 40% (QR), 7.5% (RR); BC: 55% (QQ), 35% (QR), 10% (RR); and controls: 40% (QQ), 57.5% (QR), 2.5% (RR). Conclusions: We found that MM, CRC and BC patients were associated with lower PON1, ARE and stPON1 enzyme activities compared to the healthy subjects. However, PON1 phenotypes were similar between the cancer groups and control group.

Mizaj assessment in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients based on Persian Medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Abbasian ◽  
Morteza Mojahedi ◽  
Mostafa Alizadeh ◽  
Soraya Khafri ◽  
Mohammad Ansaripour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Complementary Therapies ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Persian Medicine ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control

Abstract Objectives Increased incidence of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) calls for supporting complementary therapies in this field. Persian Medicine (PM) specialists present various assumptions to help patients through Mizaj (temperament) modification, but its confirmation requires scientific evidence. This study aimed at identifying the Mizaj of MS patients, and comparing it with their Mizaj before the onset of the disease, and with that of healthy people. Methods Forty-two MS and fifty-four healthy subjects participated in the study as case and control groups. General and brain Mizaj in patients were identified by five PM specialists before and after the onset of the disease. Mojahedi Mizaj Questionnaire (MMQ) was completed by the two groups. The validity of MMQ was assessed using Mizaj diagnosis by PM specialists as the gold standard. T-test, McNemar-Bowker, Wilcoxon, and Chi-square (χ 2) tests were used to compare the Mizaj of patients before and after the onset of the disease, and between the two groups (p<0.05). Results The sensitivity and specificity of MMQ for Hotness (75, 81%) and Coldness (75, 65%) were acceptable. There were no significant differences between patients and healthy subjects in terms of general Mizaj. But general and brain Mizaj of patients after developing MS inclined to coldness and dryness, although merely inclination of general Mizaj to coldness was significant (p=0.03). Conclusions According to our results, the Mizaj of MS patients has an inclination toward coldness and dryness; Also, MMQ can be used as a validated scale for identifying the Mizaj of MS patients in future studies.

scholarly journals Oral health status in children with haemophilia - a comparative study

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Venkatesh Babu ◽  
Milind Shah ◽  
Purna Patel
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Abstract People with haemophilia may neglect their oral hygiene due to the fear of bleeding during brushing, leading to an increase in dental caries, gingivitis and periodontitis in this group. The available literature shows very few studies on the oral health status of children with haemophilia. The aim of the current study, therefore, was to assess the oral health status of children with haemophilia in comparison with healthy children. Data were collected from a study and control groups of haemophilic and healthy children aged 6-16 years. All children were examined under standardised conditions by a single qualified examiner and Plaque Index (PI), Modified Gingival Index (MGI) and permanent decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) and primary dmft index were recorded. A questionnaire distributed to the parents was analysed using Chi-Square and Kruskal-Wallis test, and showed a significant difference in GMI and DMFT and dmft scores between the study and control groups, a lower level of parental education level in the study group, a difference in the frequency of tooth brushing between the two groups, and a statistically higher frequency of sugar consumption among the children with haemophilia. The study concluded that children with haemophilia have poor oral health status compared to healthy children. Parental education levels, beliefs and attitude towards dental health have an impact on the child’s overall dental health. This indicates a need for early intervention by dental services as a preventive measure for children with haemophilia.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Relationship between Parental Mental Disorders and Autism among the Children of West Azerbaijan -Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Arezou Kiani Equal ◽  
Javad Rasouli ◽  
Sahar Kiani
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
West Azerbaijan ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Autism disorders have increased over the last years. Autism is a neurological growth disorder associated with social communication disorders, growth retardation, and repetitive behaviors, along with serious consequences for children and families. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the relationship between parental mental disorders and autism among the children of West Azerbaijan Province. Methods: This research was a case-control study in which the case group subjects were selected among the parents with autistic children and control group subjects were selected among the relative parents with healthy children and non-relative parents with healthy children. Both case and control groups were matched in terms of gender, living place, and age of children. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS-16 (Chicago, IL, USA) software. Results: The current research results revealed that the frequency of mental diseases, including obsessive-compulsive, inter personality sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia, paranoid ideation, and psychotic disorder are different in fathers and mothers of the case and control groups. As Pvalue was lower than 0.05 in all scales, there was a significant relationship between the mental diseases of parents and the history of mental disorders in relatives and autism. Conclusion: The prevalence of mental disorders in relatives and having a medical history can be a warning sign of autism in children.

scholarly journals Investigation of mineral distribution in bone by synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy after tibolone therapy

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 399-404
Author(s):  
I. Lima ◽  
A. C. B. Carvalho ◽  
H. N. Henriques ◽  
E. Sales ◽  
J. M. Granjeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Climacteric Symptoms ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radiation Imaging ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
And Control

Abstract Tibolone is a synthetic steroid with estrogenic, androgenic, and progestagenic properties used for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis and treatment of climacteric symptoms. Tibolone shows almost no action on breast and endometrium, which are target-organs for estrogens and progesterone activity. The aim of this work was to investigate the spatial distribution of calcium and zinc minerals in the femoral head of ovariectomized rat in order to evaluate the effects of the long-term administration of tibolone. For that purpose X-ray microfluorescence was used with synchrotron radiation imaging technique which was performed at Brazilian Light Synchrotron Laboratory, Campinas, SP. Minerals were not homogeneously distributed in trabecular bone areas; a higher concentration of calcium in the trabecular regions at femoral heads was found in ovariectomized and tibolone-treated rats compared to ovariectomized and control groups.

Evaluation of Optic Nerve Head Biomechanical Properties in Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma with Real-time Elastography

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 637-644
Author(s):  
Ozlem Unal ◽  
Mehtap Caglayan ◽  
Pinar Kosekahya ◽  
Fatma Yulek ◽  
Guzin Taslipinar
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Rectus Muscle ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Orbital Fat ◽  
Lateral Rectus Muscle ◽  
And Control

Purpose: To investigate the biomechanical properties of the optic nerve head in patients with Pseudoexfoliation (PEX) glaucoma using Real-time Elastography (RTE) and to compare these results with those of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) patients and healthy subjects. Methods: Twenty eyes of 20 PEX glaucoma patients (PEX group), 20 eyes of 20 POAG patients (POAG group), and 20 eyes of 20 healthy subjects (control group) were enrolled in this prospective study. The strain Ratios of Orbital Fat to Optic Nerve head (ROFON) and lateral rectus muscle to optic nerve head (RLRON) were determined. Comparisons were performed using Chi-square, Kruskal Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, and One-way ANOVA tests. Results: The strain ratios of orbital fat to optic nerve head were 2.34, 6.85 and 1.76 in PEX glaucoma, POAG, and control groups, respectively (p<0.001). The strain ratios of the lateral rectus muscle to the optic nerve head were 0.51, 0.82, and 0.55 in PEX glaucoma, POAG, and control groups, respectively (p=0.256). Conclusion: The strain ratios of orbital fat to optic nerve head were different in PEX glaucoma patients than in POAG and control groups. RTE can provide biomechanical assessment of the optic nerve head in a non-invasive, quick, easily accessible, and user-friendly manner.

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites among Patients with Chronic Urticaria in Northern Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fakhar Mahdi ◽  
Ghaffari Javad ◽  
Dabbaghzadeh Abbas ◽  
Yazdani Charati Jamshid ◽  
Ghaffari Bahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Urticaria ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
And Control

Background: Chronic urticaria (CU) has a range of clinical demonstrations and causes. Parasitic infections are mentioned as one of the main causes of the CU. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasites in patients with CU compared with healthy subjects. Methods: A total of 169 cases and 210 controls were included in this study. Ages ranged from 1 to 77 years old. Results: Of the 379 individuals examined here, 208 were from urban areas and 171 from rural areas. Three stool samples were taken from each patient in three consecutive days. Based on parasitological tests, 7 (4.1%) cases from 169 patients with CU and 6 (2.9%) cases from 210 non- CU group individuals were positive for intestinal parasites. Conclusion: The prevalence of various parasites between case and control groups was not significant.

scholarly journals Genetic Polymorphism in the RYR1 C6487T Is Associated with Severity of Hypospadias in Chinese Han Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Zhang ◽  
Zhuo Zhang ◽  
Linpei Jia ◽  
Wei Ji ◽  
Hai Li
Keyword(s):  
External Genitalia ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Congenital Diseases ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male External Genitalia ◽  
And Control

Objective. Hypospadias is a common congenital malformation of the male external genitalia. Most cases have an unknown etiology, which is probably a mix of monogenic and multifactorial forms, implicating both genetic and environmental factors. Ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) mutations are a common cause of congenital diseases associated with both dominant and recessive inheritance in humans. Herein, we evaluated the correlations of RYR1 C6487T polymorphism with the risk and severity of hypospadias. Methods. 263 congenital hypospadias children and 312 healthy children were recruited. The polymorphism of RYR1 C6487T in the peripheral blood was detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, and different genotypes and allelic genes were analyzed to explore their associations with the risk of congenital hypospadias. Results. The distribution frequencies of CC/CT/TT genotypes and two alleles (C and T) at RYR1 C6487T showed significant differences between the case and control groups (P < 0.05). The frequency of C allele in the case and control groups was 46.95% and 54.94%, respectively, and of T allele was 53.05% and 45.06% (P < 0.05). In addition, the distribution frequency of CC/CT/TT genotypes exhibited significant difference between patients with mild hypospadias and those with moderate or severe hypospadias (all P > 0.05), suggesting that RYR1 C6487T polymorphism is correlated with the severity of congenital hypospadias (X2 = 13.722, P = 0.001). Conclusion. Our study demonstrated that RYR1 C6487T polymorphism might be associated with an increased risk of congenital hypospadias in Chinese Han children. Our findings highlight the heterogeneous nature of hypospadias genetic susceptibility.

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