scholarly journals The Phenotype Distribution of Paraoxonase-1 in Patients with Multiple Myeloma, Bladder, and Colorectal Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamit Yasar Ellidag ◽  
Esin Eren ◽  
Ozgur Aydin ◽  
Salim Neselioglu ◽  
Necat Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Phenotype Distribution ◽  
Serum Paraoxonase ◽  
And Control ◽  
Dual Substrate

Abstract Background: Human serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1) shows wide variation among different ethnic groups around the world. The aim of the present study was to determine the phenotype distribution and enzymatic activity of PON1 and ARE (arylesterase) in colorectal cancer (CRC), bladder cancer (BC) and multiple myeloma (MM) patients compared to healthy subjects. Methods: A total of 160 subjects (40 CRC patients, 40 BC patients, 40 MM patients and 40 healthy controls) were admitted to the study. The phenotype distribution of PON1 was determined by using the dual substrate (paraoxon and phenylacetate) method. Results: PON 1 and ARE activities were significantly lower in the cancer patients compared to the control group. The following phenotype distributions were assessed in the cancer and control groups: MM: 52.5% (QQ), 40% (QR), 7.5% (RR); CRC: 52.5% (QQ), 40% (QR), 7.5% (RR); BC: 55% (QQ), 35% (QR), 10% (RR); and controls: 40% (QQ), 57.5% (QR), 2.5% (RR). Conclusions: We found that MM, CRC and BC patients were associated with lower PON1, ARE and stPON1 enzyme activities compared to the healthy subjects. However, PON1 phenotypes were similar between the cancer groups and control group.

The TRUSTY study: A randomized phase 2/3 study of trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab versus irinotecan and fluoropyrimidine plus bevacizumab as second-line treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 3507-3507
Author(s):  
Yasutoshi Kuboki ◽  
Tetsuji Terazawa ◽  
Toshiki Masuishi ◽  
Masato Nakamura ◽  
Jun Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Metastatic Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Randomized Phase 2

3507 Background: The efficacy of trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) plus bevacizumab (BEV) as a later-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has been demonstrated in clinical trials. Therefore, we conducted a randomized phase 2/3 study to determine whether FTD/TPI plus BEV is non-inferior to either FOLFIRI or S-1 and irinotecan plus BEV in terms of overall survival (OS) as second-line treatment in patients with mCRC. Methods: Patients with histologically confirmed mCRC who failed first-line doublet chemotherapy including fluoropyrimidine plus oxaliplatin with either BEV or an anti-EGFR antibody (in cases of RAS wild-type) were eligible. Patients were randomized to receive either FTD/TPI plus BEV (experimental group, BEV 5.0 mg/kg on days 1 and 15, FTD/TPI 35 mg/m2 twice daily on days 1–5 and 8–12 of each 28-day cycle) or either FOLFIRI or S-1 and irinotecan plus BEV (control group). The primary endpoint was the OS. The non-inferiority margin of a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.33 was based on the assumption of a median survival time of 19 months for the control (power 0.80, 1-sided alpha 0.025). The secondary endpoints were the progression-free survival (PFS), response rate (RR), disease control rate (DCR), time to treatment failure, time to post-study treatment failure, proportion of patients receiving post-study treatment, quality of life, and safety. Results: As a result of the interim analysis for futility, the study was terminated in July 2020, and 397 patients were finally enrolled at 65 institutions from October 2017. The baseline characteristics were similar between the groups. The median OS were 14.8 months in the FTD/TPI plus BEV group and 18.1 months in the control group [HR: 1.38; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.99–1.93; p = 0.5920 for non-inferiority]; non-inferiority of FTD/TPI plus BEV was not demonstrated. The median PFS were 4.5 months in the FTD/TPI plus BEV group and 6.0 months in the control group (HR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.14–1.84). The RR and DCR were 3.8% and 61.2% in the FTD/TPI plus BEV group, respectively, and 7.1% and 71.7% in the control group, respectively. The proportions of patients receiving post-study treatment in the FTD/TPI plus BEV and control groups were 59.9% and 52.3%, respectively. The main grade 3 or 4 adverse events in the FTD/TPI plus BEV and control groups were neutropenia (65.8% and 41.6%, respectively), diarrhea (1.5% and 7.1%, respectively), and grade 1 or 2 alopecia (3.6% and 24.9%, respectively). Conclusions: FTD/TPI plus BEV did not show non-inferiority to FOLFIRI or S-1 and irinotecan plus BEV as second-line treatment in patients with mCRC. Post hoc subgroup analyses are ongoing to investigate patients who likely benefit from FTD/TPI plus BEV. Clinical trial information: jRCTs031180122.

Safety of intraoperative chemotherapy with 5-FU for colorectal cancer patients receiving curative resection: A randomized, multicenter, prospective, phase III IOCCRC trial (IOCCRC).

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15002-e15002
Author(s):  
Rong-xin Zhang ◽  
Jun-zhong Lin ◽  
Gong Chen ◽  
Li-ren LI ◽  
Zhen-hai LU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
Intraoperative Chemotherapy

e15002 Background: The safety and efficacy of intraoperative chemotherapy in colorectal cancer have not yet been extensively investigated. This randomized control trial was designed to compare the safety and efficacy of intraoperative chemotherapy in combination with surgical resection to those of traditional surgical resection alone. Patients and Methods: From January 2011 to January 2016, 696 colorectal cancer patients were enrolled in this study: 341 patients were randomly assigned to the intraoperative plus surgery group to receive intraoperative chemotherapy (portal vein, intraluminal, and intraperitoneal chemotherapy plus surgical resection), whereas 344 patients were randomized to the control group to undergo surgery alone. Eleven patients withdrew consent. Surgical complications and side effects of intraoperative chemotherapy were compared between the two groups. Results: Intraoperative chemotherapy did not increase the rate of surgical complications, and no severe chemotherapy-associated side effects were observed. There were no significant differences in the length of hospital stay (8.31 vs. 7.98 days, P = 0.138), length of surgery (170.4 vs. 167.0 min, P = 0.526), length of antibiotic use (2.28 vs. 2.15 days, P = 0.322), or length of drain usage (6.37 vs. 6.16 days, P = 0.387) between the intraoperative chemotherapy and control groups. Four patients in each of the intraoperative chemotherapy and the control groups experienced anastomotic leakage and underwent a second operation (1.2% vs. 1.2%, P = 0.99). There were no deaths within 90 days after surgery in the chemotherapy group, whereas one patient died in the control group (0% vs. 0.3%, P = 0.99). Intraoperative chemotherapy did not decrease the rate of patients who received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy between the intraoperative group and control group (29.3% vs. 30.2%, P = 0.795). Conclusions: Intraoperative chemotherapy can be safely performed during colorectal surgery; however, follow-up is necessary for a better assessment of its efficacy. Register Number: NCT01465451. Clinical trial information: NCT01465451.

scholarly journals EP.WE.279Impact of COVID-19 on West of Scotland Colorectal Cancer Services

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silje Welsh ◽  
Ahmed Al-Ani
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Diagnostic Delay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Team Meetings ◽  
Cancer Services ◽  
Audit Data ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aim The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has driven unprecedented restriction of the National Health Service to accommodate additional pressures. Our aim was to analyse the impact of COVID-19 on the largest colorectal cancer (CRC) services in NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde. Method Audit data collected from multidisciplinary team meetings for South Glasgow CRC service were accessed. We compared April-June 2020 (‘Lockdown group’) to corresponding months in 2019 (‘Control group’). Statistical analysis by unpaired T-test, Pearson’s χ2 test with post hoc analysis using adjusted Z scores and Bonferroni correction. Results There was a 39.5% reduction in CRC diagnoses during lockdown (n = 49) compared to control (n = 81). There was a 34.1% reduction in CRC operations during lockdown (n = 27) compared to control (n = 52). The proportion of patients managed operatively did not differ between groups (p = 0.140). There was no difference in the number of days from diagnosis to first treatment between Lockdown and Control groups (Mean(SD): 40.1±35.3 and 43.2±42.9, p = 0.257). Primary care physicians were the main referral source for both lockdown (52%) and control groups (46%). The cessation of bowel screening programme saw no referrals in lockdown whereas it accounted for 21% of referrals in control group, p < 0.001). Conclusions We experienced dramatic reductions in CRC diagnoses during lockdown that was not only accounted for by the cessation of bowel screening. The diagnostic delay in the 39.5% ‘missed’ CRC patients may result in patient morbidity; a severe repercussion of COVID-19. The resurgence of COVID-19 cases poses a real threat to cancer services.

scholarly journals 437 Impact of COVID-19 on West of Scotland Colorectal Cancer Services

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Welsh ◽  
A Al-Ani
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Diagnostic Delay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Team Meetings ◽  
Cancer Services ◽  
Audit Data ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aim The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic has driven unprecedented restriction of the National Health Service to accommodate additional pressures. Our aim was to analyse the impact of COVID-19 on the largest colorectal cancer (CRC) services in NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde. Method Audit data collected from multidisciplinary team meetings for South Glasgow CRC service were accessed. We compared April-June 2020 (‘Lockdown group’) to corresponding months in 2019 (‘Control group’). Statistical analysis by unpaired T-test, Pearson’s χ2 test with post hoc analysis using adjusted Z scores and Bonferroni correction as appropriate. Results There was a 39.5% reduction in CRC diagnoses during lockdown (n = 49) compared to control (n = 81). There was a 34.1% reduction in CRC operations during lockdown (n = 27) compared to control (n = 52). The proportion of patients managed operatively did not differ between groups (p = 0.140). There was no difference in the number of days from diagnosis to first treatment between Lockdown and Control groups (Mean(SD): 40.1±35.3 and 43.2±42.9, p = 0.257). Primary care physicians were the main referral source for both lockdown (52%) and control groups (46%). The cessation of bowel screening programme saw no referrals in lockdown whereas it accounted for 21% of referrals in control group, p < 0.001). Conclusions We experienced dramatic reductions in CRC diagnoses during lockdown that was not only accounted for by the cessation of bowel screening. The diagnostic delay in the 39.5% ‘missed’ CRC patients may result in patient morbidity; a severe repercussion of COVID-19. The resurgence of COVID-19 cases poses a real threat to cancer services.

Conjugated Linoleic Acid Causes a Marked Increase in Liver α-Tocopherol and Liver α-Tocopherol Transfer Protein in C57BL/6 J Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Min Chao ◽  
Wan-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Chun-Huei Liao ◽  
Huey-Mei Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Transfer Protein ◽  
And Control

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a collective term for the positional and geometric isomers of a conjugated diene of linoleic acid (C18:2, n-6). The aims of the present study were to evaluate whether levels of hepatic α-tocopherol, α-tocopherol transfer protein (α-TTP), and antioxidant enzymes in mice were affected by a CLA-supplemented diet. C57BL/6 J mice were divided into the CLA and control groups, which were fed, respectively, a 5 % fat diet with or without 1 g/100 g of CLA (1:1 mixture of cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12) for four weeks. α-Tocopherol levels in plasma and liver were significantly higher in the CLA group than in the control group. Liver α-TTP levels were also significantly increased in the CLA group, the α-TTP/β-actin ratio being 2.5-fold higher than that in control mice (p<0.01). Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were significantly decreased in the CLA group (p<0.01). There were no significant differences between the two groups in levels of three antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase). The accumulation of liver α-tocopherol seen with the CLA diet can be attributed to the antioxidant potential of CLA and the ability of α-TTP induction. The lack of changes in antioxidant enzyme protein levels and the reduced lipid peroxidation in the liver of CLA mice are due to α-tocopherol accumulation.

Sri Lankan Cleft Lip and Palate Study Model Analysis: Clefts of the Secondary Palate

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Mccance ◽  
David Roberts-Harry ◽  
Martyn Sherriff ◽  
Michael Mars ◽  
William J.B. Houston
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Secondary Palate ◽  
Comparable Control ◽  
And Control

The study models of a group of adult Sri Lankan patients with clefts of the secondary palate were investigated. Tooth-size and arch-dimension comparisons were made with a comparable control group. Significant differences were found between the cleft and control groups in tooth sizes, chord lengths, and arch widths. The cleft group dimensions were generally smaller than those of the control group. Overjets were larger in the cleft group.

THE EFFECT OF APPLYING ANIMAL CARTOON PICTURES ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasanul Arifin Zul And Masitowarni Siregar
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Narrative Text ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Writing Achievement ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Written Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This thesis is focused on the investigation of the effect of applying animal cartoon pictures on students’ achievement in writing narrative text. This study aims to find whether applying animal cartoon pictures significantly affect the students’ writing achievement or not. The data in this study were obtained by administering a written test. The population was the 2015/2016 first year (grade XI) of SMA Swasta Nusantara Lubuk Pakam and 66 students were taken as the sample by using random sampling. The sample was divided into two groups, experimental and control groups. The experimental group was taught by applying animal cartoon pictures while the control group without animal cartoon pictures (x = lecturing). The data were taken the scores from the pre-test and post-test to both experimental and control groups. These data were analyzed by using t-test. The result of computing the t-test obviously showed that t-observed is higher than t-table (5.21 >1,67) with the degree of freedom 64 (df =N-2) at the level significance 0,05 one tail test. It showed that the application of animal cartoon pictures significantly affected the students of SMA Swasta Nusantara Lubuk Pakam achievement in writing narrative text.

THE EFFECT OF APPLYING DEMONSTRATION METHOD ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN SPEAKING SKILL AT THE THIRD GRADE OF SMK PAB 3 MEDAN ESTATE

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meryanti Napitupulu And Anni Holila Pulungan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Speaking Test ◽  
The Third ◽  
Speaking Skill ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study was conducted as an attempt to discover the effect of applying Demonstration Method on students’ achievement in speaking skill. It was an experimental research. The subject was students of Grade XII, Vocational High School (Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan: SMK), which consisted of 79 students. The research was divided into two groups: experimental and control groups. The instrument used to collect the data was speaking test. To obtain the reliability of the test, the writer applied Kuder Richardson 21 formula. The result of the reliability was 0.7, and it was found that the test was reliable. The data were analyzed by using t-test formula. The analysis showed that the scores of the students in the experimental group were significantly higher than the scores of the students in the control group at the level of significant m = 0.05 with the degree of freedom (df) 77, t-observed value 8.9 > t-table value 1.99. The findings indicate that using Demonstration Method significantly affected the students’ achievement in speaking skill. So, English teachers are suggested to use Demonstration Method in order to improve students’ achievement in speaking skill.

Effects of Virgin Coconut Oil as Adjunct Therapy in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Nazli Zainuddin ◽  
Nurul Azira Mohd Shah ◽  
Rosdan Salim
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Nasal Symptom ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Introduction: The role of virgin coconut oil in the treatment of allergic rhinitis is controversial. Thus, the aim of the present study is to determine the effects of virgin coconut oil ingestion, in addition to standard medications, on allergic rhinitis. We also studied the side effects of consumption of virgin coconut oil. Methods: Fifty two subjects were equally divided into test and control groups. All subjects received a daily dose of 10mg of loratadine for 28 days. The test group was given 10ml of virgin coconut oil three times a day in addition to loratadine. The symptoms of allergic rhinitis were scored at the beginning and end of the study. Results:, the symptom score were divided into nasal and non-nasal symptom scores. Sneezing score showed a significant difference, however the score was more in control group than test group, indicating that improvement in symptom was more in control group. The rest of the nasal symptom and non-nasal symptom score showed no significant difference between test and control groups. Approximately 58% of the test subjects developed side effects from consumption of virgin coconut oil, mainly gastrointestinal side effects. Conclusion: In the present study, ingestion of virgin coconut oil does not improve the overall and individual symptoms of allergic rhinitis, furthermore it has side effects.

Effects of Time and Perceptual Orientation on Actors' and Observers' Attributions

1984 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Donald S. Martin ◽  
Ming-Shiunn Huang
Keyword(s):  
Video Recording ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Perceptual Orientation ◽  
Initial Difference ◽  
Variety Show ◽  
And Control ◽  
Unrelated Variety

The actor/observer effect was examined by Storms in a 1973 study which manipulated perceptual orientation using video recordings. Storms' study was complex and some of his results equivocal. The present study attempted to recreate the perceptual reorientation effect using a simplified experimental design and an initial difference between actors and observers which was the reverse of the original effect. Female undergraduates performed a motor co-ordination task as actors while watched by observers. Each person made attributions for the actor's behaviour before and after watching a video recording of the performance. For a control group the video recording was of an unrelated variety show excerpt. Actors' initial attributions were less situational than observers'. Both actors and observers became more situational after the video replay but this effect occurred in both experimental and control groups. It was suggested the passage of time between first and second recording of attributions could account for the findings and care should be taken when interpreting Storms' (1973) study and others which did not adequately control for temporal effects.

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