scholarly journals EVOLUTION OF THE FRAILTY CONCEPT

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
A V Turusheva ◽  
E V Frolova ◽  
J M Degryse
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Frailty Models ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
Financial Costs ◽  
History Of

Following the worldwide trend of population ageing, the number of older adults in Russia is increas- ing. The population of older adults is highly heterogeneous. Some people live to old age in good health and retain the ability to be independent and active participants of society, while others experience a reduction in physical and cognitive functions and lose their ability to live independently. This group of older adults needs additional assistance leading to increased financial costs due to their treatment and follow up. The concept of frailty was proposed as a potential predictive tool for this population of older adults. The aim of this study was to present different frailty models and history of development of the frailty concept.

scholarly journals Nonfatal Stroke and All-Cause Mortality among Community-Dwelling Older Adults Living in Rural Ecuador: A Population-Based, Prospective Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 551-555
Author(s):  
Oscar H. Del Brutto ◽  
Robertino M. Mera ◽  
Victor J. Del Brutto
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Nonfatal Stroke ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Univariate Analyses

ABSTRACT Background: Stroke is a leading cause of disability in developing countries. However, there are no studies assessing the impact of nonfatal strokes on mortality in rural areas of Latin America. Using a population-based, prospective cohort study, we aimed to assess the influence of nonfatal strokes on all-cause mortality in older adults living in an underserved rural setting. Methods: Deaths occurring during a 5-year period in Atahualpa residents aged ≥60 years were identified from overlapping sources. Tests for equality of survivor functions were used to estimate differences between observed and expected deaths for each covariate investigated. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate Kaplan–Meier survival curves of variables reaching significance in univariate analyses. Results: Of 437 individuals enrolled over 5 years, follow-up was achieved in 417 (95%), contributing 1776 years of follow-up (average 4.3 ± 1.3 years). Fifty-one deaths were detected, for an overall cumulative 5-year mortality rate of 12.2% (8.9%–15.6%). Being older than 70 years of age, having poor physical activity, edentulism, and history of a nonfatal stroke were related to mortality in univariate analyses. A fully adjusted Cox proportional hazards model showed that having history of a nonfatal stroke (P = 0.024) and being older than 70 years of age (P = 0.031) independently predicted mortality. In contrast, obesity was inversely correlated with mortality (P = 0.047). Conclusions: A nonfatal stroke and increasing age increase the risk of all-cause mortality in inhabitants of a remote rural village. The body mass index is inversely related to death (obesity paradox).

Relationship Between Insomnia, Depression, and Mortality: A 12-Year Follow-Up of Older Adults in the Community

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Mallon ◽  
Jan-Erik Broman ◽  
Jerker Hetta
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Total Death ◽  
History Of

The purpose of the study was to investigate the natural history of insomnia and its association with depression and mortality. In 1983, 1,870 randomly selected subjects aged 45–65 years answered a questionnaire on sleep and health. Of the 1,604 survivors in 1995, 1,244 (77.6%) answered a new questionnaire with almost identical questions. Mortality data were collected for the 266 subjects that had died during the follow-up period. Chronic insomnia was reported by 36.0% of women and 25.4% of men (χ2 = 9.7; p < .01). About 75% of subjects with insomnia at baseline continued to have insomnia at follow-up. Insomnia in women predicted subsequent depression (odds ratio [OR] = 4.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.1–7.2) but was not related to mortality. In men, insomnia predicted mortality (OR = 1.7; 95% CI 1.2–2.3), but after adjustment for an array of possible risk factors, this association was no longer significant. Men with depression at baseline had an adjusted total death rate that was 1.9 times higher than in the nondepressed men (95% CI: 1.2–3.0).

scholarly journals Palliation with Oesophageal Metal Stent of Pseudoachalasia from Gastric Carcinoma at the Cardia: A Case Report

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Maria Antonio Campo ◽  
Roberto Lorenzetti ◽  
Marina de Matthaeis ◽  
Cesare Hassan ◽  
Angelo Zullo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Barium Swallow ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Metal Stent ◽  
History Of ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal ◽  
Progressive Dysphagia

We present an 82-year-old woman with a 3-month history of progressive dysphagia and a normal initial upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The diagnosis of pseudoachalasia was suspected by oesophageal manometric and barium swallow studies, and confirmed by biopsies revealing an intestinal type carcinoma of the stomach at a repeated endoscopy. In view of the history of heart disease, diabetes, and old age, this patient was treated by a partially covered Ultraflex self-expanding metal stent (Boston Scientific, Natick, MA, USA) placed into the oesophageal body with no direct complications and obtaining the relief from dysphagia. During the 11-month follow-up she was treated for an iron deficiency anaemia due to reflux oesophagitis with ulcerations in the oesophageal body and died from myocardial infarction. According to the localization of the cancer, the old age, and the presence of comorbidities, we should recommend the insertion of a partially covered self-expanding metal stent as a reasonable palliative treatment in selected subjects with pseudoachalasia.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Financial Exploitation in a Sample of Israeli Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 770-770
Author(s):  
Gali Weissberger ◽  
S Duke Han ◽  
Amit Shrira
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Subjective Age ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
Financial Exploitation ◽  
History Of

Abstract Financial exploitation (FE) negatively affects wellbeing in older adulthood. However, characteristics of FE and its health correlates remain poorly understood. In this study, 138 Israeli older adults answered questions regarding FE history, and completed physical and mental health questionnaires. Of 138 participants, 23 reported a history of FE. FE participants were older (M birth year = 1950.35; sd = 9.65) than non-FE participants (M birth year = 1953.79; sd = 6.06; p = 0.028) and reported lower household income (p=0.001). Groups did not differ in education level or sex breakdown. The FE group reported older subjective age (p = 0.022), worse subjective cognition (p = 0.007), more depressive symptoms (p=0.002), and marginally higher anxiety symptoms (p = 0.099) than the non-FE group. Groups did not differ in reported levels of social support or number of medical conditions. When covarying for age, differences between groups in subjective cognition and depressive symptoms remained significant (ps ≤0.022), while subjective age differences became marginal (p = 0.07). The FE group responded to follow-up questions regarding FE experiences. Reported perpetrators included companies/businesses (most commonly reported, 30%), strangers, friends/neighbors, service providers, and family. Eleven reported losing 100 NIS to 10,000 NIS, and 10 reported losing 10,001 to over 100,000 NIS. Additionally, six FE participants reported that the FE is ongoing, and two reported additional FE experiences. Findings suggest that FE is related to mental and physical health of older adults. Findings also provide preliminary information regarding characteristics of FE in a sample of Israeli older adults.

scholarly journals ‘You started something … then I continued by myself’: a qualitative study of physical activity maintenance

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (06) ◽  
pp. 574-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Wahlich ◽  
Carole Beighton ◽  
Christina Victor ◽  
Rebecca Normansell ◽  
Derek Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Walking Intervention ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Bad Weather

Background Most mid-life and older adults are not achieving recommended physical activity (PA) targets and effective interventions are needed to increase and maintain PA long-term for health benefits. The Pedometer And Consultation Evaluation (PACE-UP) trial, a three-armed primary care pedometer-based walking intervention in those aged 45–75 years, demonstrated increased PA levels at 12 months. A three-year follow-up was conducted to evaluate long-term PA maintenance, including a qualitative component. Aim To examine facilitators and barriers to PA maintenance in mid-life and older adults previously involved in a PA trial. Method Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with 60 PACE-UP participants across all study arms. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and coded independently by researchers, prior to thematic analysis. Findings Two-thirds of participants felt since the PACE-UP trial they had an awareness of PA, with the pedometer reported as ‘kick-starting’ regular activity, and then helped them to maintain regular activity. PA facilitators included: maintaining good health, self-motivation, social support and good weather. Lack of time was the most frequently cited barrier. Other barriers were often the inverse of the facilitators; for example, poor health and bad weather. Participants described the type of ‘top-up’ intervention they would find beneficial to aid PA maintenance (eg, text messages, online resources and walking groups). Conclusion A challenge for future PA interventions is to transform barriers into facilitators; for example, educating trial participants about the value of PA for many chronic health conditions to change this from inhibiting to promoting PA. Participants provided ideas for encouraging PA maintenance which could be incorporated into future interventions.

scholarly journals Severe dyspnea and uncontrolled seizures following meperfluthrin poisoning: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengkun Zheng ◽  
Shengxin Zhang ◽  
Shaoxian Hong ◽  
Qing Lou
Keyword(s):  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Mosquito Repellent ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Neurotoxic Effects ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mosquito Repellents ◽  
Short Time

Abstract Background Meperfluthrin is a novel sanitary cyhalothrin insecticide invented in China and has increasingly been used to produce liquid mosquito repellents. Oral meperfluthrin poisoning in human has rarely been reported. Here, we reported a case of meperfluthrin poisoning by ingestion of a meperfluthrin-based liquid mosquito repellent in a 16-month-old infant. Case presentation A 16-month-old boy with a history of accident ingestion of meperfluthrin was admitted to our hospital’s emergency department. He exhibited severe dyspnea, and lung radiograph showed multiple patchy and cord-like high-density shadows bilaterally in a short time. He also suffered 35 min of seizures which were finally controlled by the intravenous infusion of propofol. He was diagnosed with meperfluthrin poisoning, status epilepticus and severe pneumonia. After treated with methylprednisolone, aerosolized beclomethasone dipropionate, anti-infection, and some critical supportive therapy, the patient was in good health and showed no symptoms during 12 months of follow-up. Conclusions Meperfluthrin poisoning is rare. Oral meperfluthrin poisoning shows neurotoxic effects and pulmonary toxicity. Controlling seizures rapidly and ensuring an adequate oxygen supply are critical to the successful treatment.

scholarly journals Sexual Expression in Old Age: A Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 313-313
Author(s):  
Sofia von Humboldt ◽  
José Alberto Ribeiro-Gonçalves ◽  
Andrea Costa
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Old Age ◽  
National Level ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Sexual Expression ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Positive Communication ◽  
Cross National

Abstract Objective: This study aims to analyze how older adults express themselves sexually. For this purpose, a qualitative research was carried out, which analyzes their perspectives at a cross-national level. Methods: Four hundred and ninety five older participants aged 65 to 98 years, were interviewed. Participants were of three different nationalities and lived in the community. All the interviews went through the process of verbatim transcription and subsequent content analysis. Results: Results of content analysis produced nine themes: Tender and care (k = .91, p &lt; .01); altruism and gratitude (k = .81, p &lt; .01); attractiveness (k = 94, p &lt; .01); positive communication (k = .89, p &lt; .01); sexual activity (k = .88, p &lt; .01); good health and physical condition (k = .96, p &lt; .01); supportive relationship (k = .84, p &lt; .01); eroticism (k = .94, p &lt; .01); and feeling active and alive (k = .92, p &lt; .01). Conclusions: This study stressed different ways on expressing sexuality in old age and underlined the importance of tender and care and eroticism for older adults who are sexually active. Keywords: Content analysis; older adults; qualitative study; sexual expression.

scholarly journals Dual-Task Gait as a Predictive Tool for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Ramírez ◽  
Myriam Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Older People ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gait Parameters

The use of the dual-task model as a cognitive-motor interface has been extensively investigated in cross-sectional studies as a training task in cognitive impairment. However, few existing longitudinal studies prove the usefulness of this tool as a clinical marker of cognitive impairment in older people. What is the evidence in prospective studies about dual-task gait as a predictor of cognitive impairment in older adults? This study aims to review and discuss the current state of knowledge in prospective studies on the use of dual-task gait as a predictive tool for cognitive impairment in older adults. The methodology used was a systematic review, according to the PRISMA criteria for the search, summarize and report. A search in 3 databases (Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus) was carried out until April 2021. The search terms used were: “(gait OR walking) AND (cognitive decline) AND (dual-task) AND (follow-up OR longitudinal OR long-term OR prospective OR cohort OR predict).” We included prospective research articles with older people with cognitive evaluation at the beginning and the end of the follow-up and dual-task gait paradigm as initial evaluation associated with the presentation of cognitive impairment prediction using any dual-task gait parameters. After exclusion criteria, 12 studies were reviewed. The results indicate that eight studies consider dual-task gait parameters a useful cognitive-motor tool, finding that some of the evaluated parameters of dual-task gait significantly correlate with cognitive impairment over time. The most promising DT parameters associated with cognitive impairment prediction seem to be gait speed, speed cost, DT time, numbers of words during DT, among others. In sum, this study reviews the variety of dual-task gait parameters and their relevance as a simple tool for early cognitive impairment screening, opening a diagnostic window for the screening of cognitive impairment in older people.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document