scholarly journals Air ozonization for prevention of bacterial and viral infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Aleksandr S. Prylutskyi ◽  
Sergey V. Kapranov ◽  
Kseniia E. Tkachenko ◽  
Lubov I. Yalovega
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Sampling Device ◽  
Biological Aerosols ◽  
Median Error ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Air Disinfection ◽  
Ozone Disinfection

Objective. To assess the effectiveness of the low-dose air ozonation for disinfection of the air in the working room. Materials and methods. We investigated 90 air samples (3 samples were taken weekly before and after the production meeting using the automatic sampling device of biological aerosols of air PU-1B). The total bacterial contamination, the content of staphylococci and mold spores were determined. Ozonation of the room (83.3 m3) was carried out for 20 minutes by means of domestic ozonator. The accumulated dose of ozone was 133.3 mg (1.6 mg/m3). Statistical data processing was carried out using the MedStat licensed program. The median, median error (Me me), left and right 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) were calculated. Paired comparisons were made using Wilcoxon's T-test. Results. After the meeting, the total bacterial contamination of the air was 56.0 9.3 (47.078.0) CFU. The content of staphylococci and mold spores in the air was 85.5 12.5 (76.0100.0) and 44.5 6.5 (32.054.0) CFU, respectively. After ozonation, the total bacterial contamination of the air was 14.5 3.6 (10.021.0) CFU. The content of staphylococci and mold spores in the air after ozonation was 35.5 6.7 (25.052.0) and 26.0 5.0 (18.032.0) CFU, respectively. Ozonation of the room provided a significant decrease (p 0.001) in all three of the above indicators. The room ozonation carried out promoted a reliable decrease (p 0.001) in all the above mentioned parameters. Conclusions. The above data and analysis of the literature show the possibility of using low doses of ozone for the prevention of bacterial, fungal and viral infections including SARS-CoV-2. Further study and development of reasonable modes of ozone disinfection, including low doses of ozone, is needed, as well as determination of the efficiency degree of air disinfection with non-toxic gas concentrations.

The Plasmin Inhibitors of Plasma

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Shamash ◽  
A Rimon
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
New Method ◽  
Normal Amount ◽  
Caseinolytic Activity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Plasmin Inhibitors

SummaryA new method for the assay of plasmin inhibitors in human plasma is described. The method consists of determination of the caseinolytic activity of a standard plasmin solution before and after incubation with the inhibitor, with lysine added to the mixture as a stabilizer of plasmin. Using this method, it was found that plasma contains enough inhibitors to inactivate 30 caseinolytic units of plasmin, or 10 times the normal amount of plasminogen in human plasma.

FRACTIONAL DETERMINATIONS OF URINARY 17-KETOSTEROIDS IN HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM

1962 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pentti A. Järvinen ◽  
Sykkö Pesonen ◽  
Pirkko Väänänen
Keyword(s):  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Daily Urine ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACT The fractional determination of 17-ketosteroids in the daily urine was performed in nine cases of hyperemesis gravidarum and in four control cases, in the first trimester of pregnancy both before and after corticotrophin administration. The excretion of total 17-KS is similar in the two groups. Only in the hyperemesis group does the excretion of total 17-KS increase significantly after corticotrophin administration. The fractional determination reveals no difference between the two groups of patients with regard to the values of the fractions U (unidentified 17-KS), A (androsterone) and Rest (11-oxygenated 17-KS). The excretion of dehydroepiandrosterone is significantly higher in the hyperemesis group than in the control group. The excretion of androstanolone seems to be lower in the hyperemesis group than in the control group, but the difference is not statistically significant. The differences in the correlation between dehydroepiandrosterone and androstanolone in the two groups is significant. The high excretion of dehydroepiandrosterone and low excretion of androstanolone in cases of hyperemesis gravidarum is a sign of adrenal dysfunction.

DETERMINATION OF BLOOD CORTICOIDS USING THE IN VITRO RESIN UPTAKE OF 3H-PREDNISOLONE

1968 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hironori Nakajima ◽  
Mitsunori Murala ◽  
Masumitsu Nakata ◽  
Takeshi Naruse ◽  
Seiji Kubo
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function Test ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Adrenal Function ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Adrenal Response ◽  
Suppression Test

ABSTRACT The in vitro resin uptake of 3H-prednisolone was used for the determination of blood cortisol after addition of radioactive prednisolone followed by Amberlite CG 400 Type 1 to the test serum, and incubation of the mixture. The radioactivity of the supernatant was compared before and after the addition of the resin. The principle of this method is similar to that of the 131I-triiodothyronine resin uptake for the thyroid function test. The tests for the specificity, reproducibility and sensitivity gave satisfactory results. The mean basal value ± SD of the 3H-prednisolone resin uptake was 35.3 ± 9.2% in normal subjects, and 27.1 ± 4.8% in pregnant women. This method was valid in various adrenal function tests, i. e. the adrenal circadian rhythm, corticotrophin (ACTH) test, dexamethasone suppression test and the adrenal response to lysine-8-vasopressin. It proved to be a sensitive indicator of the adrenal function. These results suggest that this method should be useful for a routine adrenal function test.

Method for the simultaneous quantification of n-hexane metabolites: application to n-hexane metabolism determination

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 497-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Soriano ◽  
M. Menéndez ◽  
P. Sanz ◽  
M. Repetto
Keyword(s):  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Simultaneous Quantification ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Time Requirements ◽  
The Difference

1 The described analytical procedure permits the simultaneous determination of the main n-hexane meta bolites in urine. 2-Hexanone, 2-hexanol, 2, 5-hexanediol and 2, 5-hexanedione, were chosen to dose the rats used in this study. All urine samples were collected and analysed on a daily basis, before and after acidic hydrolysis (pH 0.1) by GC/MS. 2-Hexanone, 2, 5-dimethylfurane, γ-valerolac tone and 2, 5-hexanedione were determined before hydro lysis ; 2-hexanol and 2, 5-hexanediol, after hydrolysis; and 5-hydroxy-2-hexanone and 4, 5-dihydroxy-2-hexanone were calculated by the difference between γ-valerolactone and 2, 5-hexanedione with and without hydrolysis, respectively. 2 A metabolic scheme was proposed reflecting the biotransformations undergone by the four compounds assayed. We consider 2, 5-dimethylfurane as a 'true metabolite' because the quantities detected were always greater before hydrolysis. 3 It has been reported that human and rat n-hexane metabolism follow a similar pattern. Therefore, as a practical application and without increasing either sample or time requirements, the simultaneous quantifi cation of the different metabolites and their excretion profile could provide better information about the metabolic situation of exposed workers than the determi nation of 2, 5-hexanedione alone. According to our experimental results, 4, 5-dihydroxy-2-hexanone itself would be a good toxicity indicator.

Effect of induced metabolic acidosis on intracellular pH, buffer capacity and contraction force of human skeletal muscle

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hultman ◽  
S. Del Canale ◽  
H. Sjöholm
Keyword(s):  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Muscle Ph ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ph Buffer ◽  
Total Capacity ◽  
Ph Decrease ◽  
Muscle Biopsies

1. Five volunteers were studied before and after oral administration of NH4Cl (0.3 g/kg body wt.) given in order to create a moderate acidosis. 2. The quadriceps femoris muscles were stimulated electrically for 75 s and muscle biopsies for determination of pH and metabolite content were taken before, at the end of contraction and after 10 min in the recovery period. 3. Muscle pH at rest (mean 7.04) was not significantly decreased after acidification despite an extracellular pH decrease of 0.15 unit. 4. After contraction muscle pH was significantly lower after NH4Cl. Mean values before and after acidification were 6.70 and 6.54 respectively. 5. The buffer capacity calculated as the total capacity of the muscle to buffer H+ produced during the isometric contraction before and after NH4Cl ingestion was reduced from 68.6 sl to 54.5 sl. 6. The force produced by contracting muscle was significantly lower at the end of the contraction period after NH4Cl ingestion, 44.6% of initial compared with 55.4% without NH4Cl.

Testing of the usability of the C-band Electronic Corner Reflector (ECR-C) in Hungary based on Sentinel-1 SAR data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Horvath ◽  
Sandor Toth ◽  
Balint Magyar
Keyword(s):  
Satellite System ◽  
Radar Signal ◽  
Reference Network ◽  
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Corner Reflector ◽  
Pixel Intensity ◽  
Persistent Scatterer ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Geodetic Application

<p>The key infrastructural elements of the geodetic application of the Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) are the integrated benchmarks which are satellite technologies, besides the traditional geodetic technologies, therefore they serve as benchmarks of the Global National Satellite System (GNSS) and InSAR.</p><p>Previously, the Satellite Geodetic Observatory (SGO) has already built a network of the passive corner reflectors (SENGA) near the Hungarian GPS Geokinematic Reference Network. This infrastructure is added by an active corner reflector (called transponder) which is the first device according to our knowledge in Hungary. We have been testing the transponder in recent months. The scope of our work is the detection of the intensity of the emitted radar signal by the Sentinel-1 C-band satellite VV polarisation sensor using GAMMA Remote Sensing Software with 6 day repeat cycle availability of satellite images in ascending and descending passes. Hence, we could monitor and compare of the pixel-intensity (expressed in decibel) before and after the installation. The value of the pixel is increased around 15-20 dB and we had chance to set the Radar Cross Section (RCS=31 dBm2) against the results of existing researches. <span>During the testing period the ECR was placed on the roof</span><span>top of the </span><span>S</span><span>GO, but in </span><span>the short</span><span>-term the design </span><span>of the relocation of the device as InSAR Persistent Scatterer</span> <span>has also been developed</span><span>.</span></p><p>One of the goals of our research is the incorporation of the transponders into the SENGA network which is needed to be expanded, examination and determination of the conditions of this integration.</p><p> </p>

Evaluation of Bacterial Contamination on Prehospital Ambulances Before and After Disinfection

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 602-606
Author(s):  
Roohollah Farhadloo ◽  
Jalil Goodarzi Far ◽  
Mohammad Reza Azadeh ◽  
Saeed Shams ◽  
Mohammad Parvaresh-Masoud
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Bacterial Agent ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
Major Factors

AbstractBackgroundThe contamination of the environment, ambulance equipment, and staff hands consequently are major factors which create nosocomial infections in emergency patients. The contamination of equipment and devices plays an important role in nosocomial infections.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a disinfectant on the rate of microbial contamination of ambulances in Qom Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Qom, Iran.MethodsThis is a quasi-experimental study with a before-after design in order to determine microbial contaminations at the rear and front cabin of ambulances, as well as medical equipment being utilized in Qom EMS. Saya sept-HP-2% solution was used for disinfection. Bacteriological standard methods were used to identify the contaminations.ResultsThe contamination rates before and after use of disinfection solution were 52% and eight percent, respectively. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most commonly isolated bacterial agent from the equipment (53%). In all equipment, the contamination level has shown a significant reduction after applying disinfectant.Conclusions:In spite of the fact that the rate of infection from ambulance equipment is high, the results showed that the use of the suitable disinfectant had an effective role in the reduction of bacteria.FarhadlooR, Goodarzi FarJ, AzadehMR, ShamsS, Parvaresh-MasoudM.Evaluation of bacterial contamination on prehospital ambulances before and after disinfection. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(6):602–606.

scholarly journals Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Cigarettes and Cigarette Smoke

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruki Shimazu
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Experimental Room ◽  
Total Pahs ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Relationship

<p>The present study examines the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cigarettes and sidestream cigarette smoke. Nine PAHs were determined in sidestream cigarette smokes for five types of cigarettes. The volume of the experimental room is approximately 66 m<sup>3</sup>. The air samples in the room were collected before and after smoking. The total PAH concentrations were approximately 1.0 ng/m<sup>3</sup> before smoking, but the median concentration and the range of PAHs were 29.1 ng/m<sup>3</sup> and from 7.62 to 57.6 ng/m<sup>3</sup> after smoking. The relationship between suspended particulate matter (SPM) and total PAHs after smoking is significant and proportional. This may indicate that the SPM formation is associated with PAH formation during smoking. Furthermore, nine PAHs were determined in the cigarettes. Median PAH contents in the five brands of cigarettes ranged from 221 to 936 ng per cigarette before smoking and from 66.9 to 266 ng per cigarette after smoking. Mean PAH emissions from cigarettes while smoking ranged from 257 to 1490 ng per cigarette. The results show that PAHs in the cigarettes, and those generated during smoking, were emitted into the air.</p>

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