Evaluation of Bacterial Contamination on Prehospital Ambulances Before and After Disinfection

AbstractBackgroundThe contamination of the environment, ambulance equipment, and staff hands consequently are major factors which create nosocomial infections in emergency patients. The contamination of equipment and devices plays an important role in nosocomial infections.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a disinfectant on the rate of microbial contamination of ambulances in Qom Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Qom, Iran.MethodsThis is a quasi-experimental study with a before-after design in order to determine microbial contaminations at the rear and front cabin of ambulances, as well as medical equipment being utilized in Qom EMS. Saya sept-HP-2% solution was used for disinfection. Bacteriological standard methods were used to identify the contaminations.ResultsThe contamination rates before and after use of disinfection solution were 52% and eight percent, respectively. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most commonly isolated bacterial agent from the equipment (53%). In all equipment, the contamination level has shown a significant reduction after applying disinfectant.Conclusions:In spite of the fact that the rate of infection from ambulance equipment is high, the results showed that the use of the suitable disinfectant had an effective role in the reduction of bacteria.FarhadlooR, Goodarzi FarJ, AzadehMR, ShamsS, Parvaresh-MasoudM.Evaluation of bacterial contamination on prehospital ambulances before and after disinfection. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(6):602–606.

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The Effect of Artificial Intelligence (Microbit) in Raising the Motivation Towards Learning Programming Among the Students of Educational Technology at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah: أثر الذكاء الاصطناعي المايكروبت (Microbit) في رفع الدافعية نحو تعلُّم البرمجة لدى الطالبات في مقرر تقنيات التعليم بجامعة الملك عبد العزيز بجدة

المجلة العربية للعلوم ونشر الأبحاث مجلة العلوم التربوية والنفسية ◽

10.26389/ajsrp.s110121 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (30) ◽

pp. 58-76

Author(s):

Samaher Ahmed Al-Qarni, Amani Mohammed Omran Samaher Ahmed Al-Qarni, Amani Mohammed Omran

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Educational Technology ◽

Educational Institutions ◽

Artificial Intelligence Techniques ◽

Before And After ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

King Abdulaziz University ◽

Effective Role ◽

Level Of Significance ◽

Learning Programming

The research seeks to know the effect of Artificial Intelligence (Microbit) in raising the motivation towards learning programming among the students of educational technology at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah. The sample consisted of (14) students, and the research followed the quasi-experimental method for one experimental group. Also, a pre-measurement and post-measurement was done by using the motivation measure towards learning programming. The results of the research confirmed that there were statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.001) between the results of students for their motivation towards learning programming before and after the use of the (Microbit) in favor of post-measurement. The research also recommended the importance of employing artificial intelligence techniques in curricula and academic projects for its effective role in making the education process active, improving the performance of male and female students and raising their motivation. As well as, preparing educational institutions and centers, and training teachers to work using artificial intelligence techniques, especially the Microbit device.

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Nursing Care Model Based on Knowledge Management in Preventing Nosocomial Infection After Caesarean Section in Hospital

Jurnal NERS ◽

10.20473/jn.v9i22014.236-245 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 236

Author(s):

Ahsan Ahsan

Keyword(s):

Knowledge Management ◽

Nosocomial Infection ◽

Nursing Care ◽

Nosocomial Infections ◽

Population Data ◽

Sectio Caesarea ◽

Wound Culture ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Quasi Experimental

Introduction: Nosocomial infection is one indicator of the quality of health services in the community, which also determines the image of health care institutions becauseit was a major cause of morbidityand death rate (mortality) in hospital. Nursing care based on knowledge management is established from identification knowledge which is required, prevention performance of nosocomial infections post section caesarea. Nosocomial infections component consists of wound culture result. Method: This study was an observational study with a quasi experimental design. The population was all of nursing staff who working in obstetrics installation in hospitals A and B as much as 46 people. Sample was the total population. Data was collected through questionnaire, observation sheets and examination of the wound culture. Data was analyzed using t test B 1.274 dan p=0.028 Result: The result showed that 1) there was difference in knowledge management implementation before and after training; 2) there was difference in nurse’s performance in preventing nosocomial infection before and after training; 3) there is significant relationship between nurse’s performance in preventing nosocomial infection and infection incidence; 4) there is no significant difference of nursing care impementation on nosocomial incidence. Discussion: In conclusion, the development of nursing care based on knowledge management as a synthesis or induction of findings directed at 1) nurses’ knowledge does not affect the performance of the prevention of nosocomial infections; 2) knowledge management has a positive effect on the performance of the prevention of nosocomial infections; 3) implementation of infection prevention is integrated capabilities between knowledge, skills and attitudes of nurses in implementing performance in care.Keywords: model prevention, nosocomial infections, nursing care, knowledge management, sectio Caesarea

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Brief psycho-education for caregivers of persons with first episode psychosis

Indian Journal of Positive Psychology ◽

10.15614/ijpp.v9i01.11741 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Praful Prabhuappa Kapse ◽

Manisha Kiran

Keyword(s):

First Episode Psychosis ◽

First Episode ◽

Control Group ◽

Episode Psychosis ◽

Study Results ◽

Before And After ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Expressed Emotions ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Group Family

Caring for the persons with first episode psychosis is challenging and demanding. It may lead to the increased burden, expressed emotions among the caregivers. The numerous studies have shown that high burden and negative expressed emotions among caregivers can lead to early relapse in the patients with first episode psychosis. To evaluate the effects of the brief psychoeducation on the caregivers burden and expressed emotions. A quasi experimental - before and after with control group research design was adopted for the study. A total of 60 caregivers have participated in the study, of which 30 caregivers in experimental group and 30 caregivers in the control group. Family Burden Interview Schedule (Pai and Kapoor, 1981) and Attitude Questionnaire (Sethi et al., 1981) was used to assess caregiver's burden and expressed emotions. At end of the psychoeducation intervention, burden among caregivers and negative expressed emotions of the caregivers have significantly reduced. The positive expressed emotions have been increased. Study results demonstrates the importance of psychoeducation intervention in reducing the burden and negative expressed emotions.

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Assessment of Bacterial Contamination of Orthodontic Arch wire

Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry ◽

10.26477/jbcd.v31i1.2578 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 48-51

Author(s):

Suha S Hassan ◽

Nidhal H. Ghaib ◽

Batool H Al-Ghurabi

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Contamination ◽

Microbial Contamination ◽

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Brain Heart Infusion ◽

Control Groups ◽

Dental Practitioners ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Bacillus Spp ◽

Droplet Transmission

Background: The microorganisms can impend the life of health care professional and particularly the dental practitioners. They can be transmitted by different ways like airborne and droplet transmission. The current study was carried out to identify whether the arch wires that received from the manufactures are free from microbial contamination and to determine the bacterial species attached to the arch wires. Materials and Methods: This study involved eighty samples, consisted of two types of arch wires (nitinol and stainless-steel) from four companies (3M, G&H, Jiscop, OrthoTechnology). These wires inserted in a plane tube that contains 10 -ml of (Tris [tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane] and EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) tris-EDTA and brain heart infusion (BHI) broth. A 0.1 ml was withdrawn from the tube and spread on agar plates. The control groups consist of 16 plane tube (8 tubes with tris-EDTA and other 8 tubes with (BHI). Results: Microbial sampling yielded growth from 5 of the 80 arch wires. The predominant bacteria that isolated were Bacillus spp. No growth was recovered from 75 of the samples and from controls. The bacteria were isolated by BHI reagent and no growth was observed by tris-EDTA reagent with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The Bacillus spp. found only in the G&H and Jiscop companies, however, no statistically significant difference was found among them (P>0.05). With regard to the presence and distribution of bacteria according to the types of wires, the present results clarified that cases of contamination with Bacillus spp. were found in the nitinol arch wires with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusions: The results of the current study revealed low count of bacterial contamination in the two types of companies (G&H and Jiscop). Not all materials that received from the manufactures are free from contamination and an effective sterilization regimen is needed to avoid cross-contamination.

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The Effect of Using Flipped Classroom Model to Improve Iraqi EFL Learners’ Pronunciation in English at University Level

Journal of Education College Wasit University ◽

10.31185/eduj.vol1.iss40.1569 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (40) ◽

pp. 631-654

Author(s):

Khaldoon Waleed Husam Al-Mofti

Keyword(s):

Language Learning ◽

Flipped Classroom ◽

Efl Learners ◽

English Pronunciation ◽

Before And After ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

University Level ◽

The University ◽

And Control ◽

Experimental Group

For Iraqi EFL learners who are studying English pronunciation in a traditional instruction method often requires more effort and hard work. Thus, using new methods of teaching such as the flipped classroom model (FCM) is necessary to facilitate learning and improve performance. Hence, this study reports on explanatory research that investigates the effect of using the FCM in the teaching of English pronunciation for Iraqi EFL learners at the university level. The study implemented mixed research methods for data collection in a quasi-experimental analysis. Therefore, two tests were conducted on the assigned groups to measure the effect of the FCM before and after the intervention. Besides, a questionnaire and interviews were used on the experiment group students to collect data about their perceptions of the FCM. The study length (lasted) was 15 weeks and is comprised of 60 students from the department of English, College of Arts at the University of Anbar. The students were divided into two groups, experimental, and control with 30 students in each group. The findings revealed that there was a significant statistical difference between the two groups in favour of the experimental group with better performance, indicating that the FCM has considerably assisted the Iraqi EFL learners to improve their English pronunciation. Moreover, the students expressed their positive feedback and satisfaction on the use of the FCM in their responses to the questionnaire and the interviews. As such, the current study recommends further research to study the effect of applying the FCM in areas and disciplines other than language learning.

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EDUKASI TERHADAP REMAJA DALAM PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN TENTANG PENGGUNAAN GAME DENGAN BIJAK

Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Universitas Al Azhar Indonesia ◽

10.36722/jpm.v2i1.361 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Ikhsan Fuady ◽

Rangga Saptya MP

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Violent Behavior ◽

Daily Lives ◽

Before And After ◽

Improper Use ◽

Effective Role ◽

Education And Outreach ◽

The Right ◽

Dedicated Team ◽

User Ratings

AbstrakPemanfaatan game dikalangan remaja memiliki peran yang efektif sebagai wadah untuk hiburan. Tetapi pemanfaatan game tidak tepat memiliki efek samping game terhadap kehidupan sehari hari remaja, mulai dari kurang bersosialIsasi hingga perilaku kekerasan dikalangan remaja. Penyuluhan terhadap remaja bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada remaja tentang variasi game berdasarkan rating pengguna, maupun cerdas dalam manajemen penggunaan game dalam kehidupan remaja sehari hari. Pengetahuan remaja tentang varian/ragam game berdasarkan rating relatif rendah sebagaian besar pemengetahuannya tersebar pada kategori sangat rendah dan rendah yaitu sebesar 65 persen. Metode edukasi dan sosialisasi ini adalah dengan beberapa tahapan. Tahap pertaman tim pengabdian memberikan edukasi dan diskusi tentang beragam bentuk game, karakteristik, serta karakteristik pengguna game yang tepat. Selanjutnya beberapa permainan dan kuis untuk meingkatkan literasi remaja tentang pemanfaatan game secara bijak. Kegiatan penyuluhan ini mampu meningkatkan pemahaman para remaja dalam mengenali game yang baik digunakan, hal ini dapat dilihat dari peningkatan pengetahuan remaja relatif signifikan sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan.Kata kunci: Edukasi, Game, Penyuluhan Abstract The use of games among teenagers has an effective role as a forum for entertainment. But the improper use of games has the side effects of games on the daily lives of adolescents, ranging from lack of socialization to violent behavior in adolescents. Counseling against adolescents aims to provide understanding to adolescents about the variety/variance of games based on user ratings, as well as being smart in managing game use in daily teenage life. Teenagers' knowledge about game variants/based on the rating is relatively low, most of the knowledge is spread in the very low and low categories, which is 65 percent. The method of education and outreach is by several stages. The first stage of the dedicated team provided education and discussion about various forms of games, characteristics, and characteristics of the right game user. Furthermore, some games and quizzes to improve teen literacy about game use wisely. This counseling activity can increase the understanding of teenagers in recognizing games that are well used, this can be seen from the relatively significant increase in adolescent knowledge before and after counseling.Keywords: Education, Games, Counseling

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Educational intervention for liver transplantation candidates

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/s0104-11692013000100018 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 419-425 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Karina Dal Sasso Mendes ◽

Orlando de Castro e Silva Junior ◽

Luciana da Costa Ziviani ◽

Fabiana Murad Rossin ◽

Márcia Maria Fontão Zago ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Transplantation ◽

Patient Education ◽

Research Design ◽

Educational Intervention ◽

Research Data ◽

Intervention Method ◽

Final Sample ◽

Education Strategy ◽

Before And After ◽

Quasi Experimental

OBJECTIVE: The objective in this study was to analyze candidates' knowledge on the liver transplantation process before and after putting in practice an educational intervention. METHOD: A quasi-experimental, one-group pretest-posttest research design was adopted. The final sample included 15 subjects. Research data were collected between January and March 2010 in three phases, which were: pretest, implementation of the educational intervention (two meetings) and posttest. RESULTS: The results evidenced significant cognitive gains after the intervention, with improvements in the participants' performance . CONCLUSIONS: The research presents evidence that putting in practice a patient education strategy can enhance candidates' knowledge on the liver transplantation process and consequently contribute to a successful treatment.

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Eficácia da simulação na autoconfiança de estudantes de enfermagem para ressuscitação cardiopulmonar extra-hospitalar: um estudo quase experimental

Scientia Medica ◽

10.15448/1980-6108.2019.1.32694 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 32694 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Genesis Souza Barbosa ◽

Caio Guilherme Silva Bias ◽

Lorene Soares Agostinho ◽

Luciana Maria Capurro de Queiroz Oberg ◽

Rafael Oliveira Pitta Lopes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nursing Students ◽

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

The Self ◽

Significance Level ◽

Self Confidence ◽

Intervention Protocol ◽

Before And After ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Confidence Scale

AIMS: To verify the effectiveness of the simulation in the self-confidence of nursing students for extra-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation. METHODS: A quasi-experimental, before and after, single-group study, was performed with nursing undergraduate students. The sample was recruited among university students who were in the second or third year of graduation and accepted to participate in the research. The intervention protocol consisted of individual participation in a emergency simulated clinical scenario. The simulated scenario adopted consisted of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in extra-hospital cardiorespiratory arrest, using the Mini Anne Plus® low fidelity manikin. In addition to the sociodemographic variables, students' self-confidence for emergency action was analyzed, evaluated by the Self-Confidence Scale, before and after each simulation. Marginal and homogeneous Wilcoxon homogeneity tests were applied, and the accepted significance level was 5%.RESULTS: Thirteen two undergraduate students in nursing between the ages of 18 and 38 participated in the study. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.001) were observed in the answers of all the questions of the Self-confidence Scale when compared before and after the simulation. There was also a statistically significant increase (p < 0.001) in cardiological, respiratory and neurological scores after simulation.CONCLUSIONS: The simulation proved to be an effective educational strategy in increasing the self-confidence of nursing students to perform extra-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

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Effects of Women’s Football Broadcastings on Viewers’ Moods and Judgments

Communication Research ◽

10.1177/0093650215583894 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 54-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Holger Schramm ◽

Johannes Knoll

Keyword(s):

Information Theory ◽

Past Research ◽

Team Identification ◽

Disposition Theory ◽

Self Confidence ◽

Football Team ◽

Before And After ◽

Post Test ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Sport Events

The objective of this article is to improve the understanding of mood and judgment effects evoked by major televised sport events like national football matches. According to disposition theory of sport spectatorship, viewers’ affective experiences, specifically their moods, are assumed to be affected by the outcomes of the matches they watch. This study tests whether these mood effects depend on viewers’ team identification as well as viewers’ sex. Moreover, past research has indicated that mood changes as effects of sport viewing could influence viewers’ subsequent judgments in line with feeling-as-information theory. Based on this line of arguments, a quasi-experimental pre-post-test study with 180 participants was conducted to assess the moods and judgments (self-confidence, evaluation of the economic situation, government satisfaction) of viewers before and after a win and a defeat of the German national football team during the 2011 women’s FIFA World Cup. The results support disposition theory of sport spectatorship as well as feeling-as-information theory and give new insights into the moderating role of team identification and sex.

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