scholarly journals Comparative characteristics of the efficiency of different methods of operational treatment for pectus excavatum in children: a multicenter study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Yu. Razumovsky ◽  
Abdumanap B. Alkhasov ◽  
Maksim P. Razin ◽  
Mikhail A. Axel’rov ◽  
Natal’ya A. Tsap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Pectus Excavatum ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
The Third ◽  
Operative Correction ◽  
Operative Removal ◽  
Study Population

Background. Congenital malformations of the chest are observed in 1%–4% of the population, and the most common among these is pectus excavatum (90%). Aim. We aimed to conduct a retrospective multicenter study to compare the effectiveness of various methods of operative removal of pectus excavatum in children. Material and methods. We retrospectively analyzed the results of the surgical treatment of funnel-like deformity of the thorax in children conducted in clinics of pediatric surgery in seven regions of Russia (1,226 patients). The ratio of boys to girls in the study population was 2.2:1. The study population was divided as per their age into the following groups: 4–7 years (n = 180, 14.7%), 8–14 years (n = 731, 59.6%), and > 14 years (n = 315, 25.7%). The average age at which most children were operated was 11.83 ± 1.24 years. All children underwent a standard preoperative laboratory examination, including a general blood test, urine tests, a biochemical blood test, a hemostasiogram; radiographic diagnostic methods were used with the calculation of the Gizycka index; functional methods of investigation, such as electrocardiography, spirography, and radioisotope scintigraphy of the lungs were also used. Children with second- or third-degree pectus excavatum underwent surgical treatment almost exclusively. The symmetrical forms of the pectus excavatum were more prevalent. In most cases, the main pathological course was complicated. Results and discussion. The operated patients were divided into the following 3 groups: the first (n = 62): operations with the resection of the curved cartilages and external fixation of the sternum-rib complex (Bairov’s operation), the second (n = 374): thoracoplasty with the resection of warped cartilages using internal metal fixators by Timoshchenko, Ravitch, Paltia, Kondrashin), and the third (n = 790): minimally invasive operations without resection with internal fixation (Nuss operations: original and modified). In the first group, favorable results of surgical treatment were noted in 80.6% of the patients, satisfactory results were observed in 6.5%, unsatisfactory results were seen in 12.9%, and the overall effectiveness of operative correction was 87.1%. In the second group, good results of surgical treatment were recorded in 88% of the patients, satisfactory in 6.4%, and unsatisfactory in 5.6%; the overall efficiency of operative correction was 94.4%. In the third group, good results of surgical treatment were recorded in 95.3%, satisfactory in 3.8%, and unsatisfactory in 0.9%; the efficiency of operative correction was 99.1%. Conclusion. Today, the authors consider acceptable the operations by Timoshchenko and Paltia for complex of indicators, the optimal operation is Nuss.

scholarly journals Increased risk of preeclampsia after use of paracetamol during pregnancy – causal or coincidence?

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hetti von Hellens ◽  
Leea Keski-Nisula ◽  
Heidi Sahlman
Keyword(s):  
Third Trimester ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Reverse Causation ◽  
Gestational Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
Precise Data ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Risk Of Preeclampsia

Abstract Background The maternal use of paracetamol during pregnancy has been associated with the development of preeclampsia. This study aims to clarify whether the connection is causal or whether it is due to reverse causation. Methods This study is a continuation of the retrospective case cohort study examining 2,508 pregnant women using a variety of drugs and the development of preeclampsia (1,252 women with preeclampsia and 1,256 controls). For the purposes of this study, more precise data was collected from several hospital databases of the women among this cohort who had reported taking paracetamol during pregnancy (indications, gestational period etc.); this was evaluated in association with the development of preeclampsia. Results 5.5% (100 cases and 37 controls) of all the study population (2,508) had clearly reported paracetamol use. Women with preeclampsia had used significantly more often paracetamol during pregnancy compared to controls (cases 8.0%, controls 2.9%, p < 0.001). The difference was most evident in the third trimester (after the 29th GW) and the use of paracetamol was associated with both mild and severe preeclampsia. Headache and “general pain” were the most common indications for medication among all paracetamol users. Conclusions The use of paracetamol in the third trimester of pregnancy was associated with preeclampsia. This observation indicates that association between paracetamol use and preeclampsia is probably due to reverse causation, i.e. women with preeclampsia experience more headaches due to preeclampsia symptoms since this association was not detected with the use of paracetamol in earlier stages of pregnancy.

Surgical Treatment of the Clasped Thumb

1989 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Lipskeir ◽  
M. Weizenbluth
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Tendon Transfer ◽  
Pathological Feature ◽  
Tendon Transfers ◽  
Extensor Tendons ◽  
The Third ◽  
First Ray ◽  
Intrinsic Muscles

We report a series of 12 patients (19 hands) with clasped thumb who underwent surgical treatment. The series is divided into three groups. In the first group, the prominent pathological feature was hypoplasia of the extensor tendons which was treated by tendon transfer. The second group, the arthrogryphotic type, had contracture of the intrinsic muscles of the thumb and shortening of the skin; these needed mainly release operations. In only three hands out of nine was tendon transfer performed. The third group was defined by a combination of skeletal, muscular and tendon hypoplasia. Instability of the M.P. joint and adduction contracture of the first ray were found in all hands of this group. The adduction deformity was corrected by skin-plasty of the first web and the extension was improved by tendon transfers. Only one case needed stabilisation of the M.P. joint. The final results were related to the extent of the contractures and to the age of the patient when treatment started.

Changing Profile of Congenital Heart Disease

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 790-791
Author(s):  
D. WOODROW BENSON ◽  
James Moller ◽  
Donald C. Fyler ◽  
David E. Fixler
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
The Past ◽  
Steady Improvement ◽  
Complex Lesions

In the past 20 years, considerable change has occurred in the profile of congenital heart disease regarding both diagnosis and treatment. The profile has changed from older to younger patients; the essence of this change has been from pediatric to infant to neonatal cardiology. There has been a shift from palliative to more definitive surgical procedures and a change from invasive (cardiac catheterization) to noninvasive (echocardiography) diagnostic methods. The profile has changed from definitive surgical treatment limited to simple lesions to surgical treatment of the most complex lesions. There has been steady improvement in the recognition of cases of congenital heart disease. Of all children admitted to hospitals for treatment of congenital heart disease, the portion less than three days of age has increased from 24% in 1969 to 1972 to 33% in 1982 to 1986.

CONGENITAL ANOMALIES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 607-610
Author(s):  
JOSEF WARKANY
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
American Academy ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
General Aspects ◽  
Dietary Deficiency

I AM greatly honored by the Award which the American Academy of Pediatrics has bestowed upon me and I am certain that this recognition of our studies will stimulate my co-workers and myself to further efforts in the line of work which we began about 12 years ago. I have repeatedly had the privilege of presenting our experimental work to meetings of the American Academy of Pediatrics and it is not necessary, therefore, to describe to you again in detail the congenital anomalies induced in animals by maternal dietary deficiency. It seems preferable to give you today a brief summary of the general aspects and results of our studies and to present to you some of the conclusions which may be drawn from them. The incentive to our experimental work was a marked interest in congenital anomalies of children. Adverse factors acting in prenatal life contribute appreciably to the mortality of infants and many children go through life deformed or crippled because of unfavorable intrauterine conditions. Congenital anomalies are at the root of many chronic and of some intractable diseases of childhood, a fact which is brought out with increasing certainty by improved diagnostic methods. Without going into details I wish to point out how many congenital anomalies of the urinary tract are now recognized intra vitam, which only one or two decades ago puzzled us by their nonspecific symptoms. Congenital anomalies of the intestinal tract which were previously diagnosed as "vomiting," "malnutrition," etc., are now better understood and often accessible to surgical treatment.

Multicentre Study of Endo-Ectoparasite Infection in Italian Cats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Genchi ◽  
ALICE VISMARRA ◽  
STEFANIA ZANET ◽  
SIMONE MORELLI ◽  
ROBERTA GALUPPI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Private Households ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The One

Abstract BackgroundParasites infecting cats include protozoa, helminths and arthropods. Many are also transmissible to humans. Effective control relies on knowledge of parasite distribution and risk factors for infection. The present study was aimed at evaluating prevalence of major feline parasites in Italy and risk factors associated with their occurrence.MethodsOver a 12-month study period, thirteen study centers across Italy analyzed feces, hair and ectoparasites from naturally infected cats coming from feral colonies, shelters and private households. Samples from cats (n=987) were analyzed by all centers using the same diagnostic methods. Prevalence values and risk factors were evaluated statistically for identification of predictors of risk. ResultsThe overall prevalence of gastro-intestinal (GI) and bronco-pulmonary (BP) nematodes was 35.9% (354/987). T. cati was the most prevalent species (253/987; 25.6%), followed by hookworms (98/987; 9.9%). Among BP nematodes, A. abstrusus was the most common (76/987; 7.7%). Approximately 35.7% (352/987) of the study population was infested by ectoparasites. The most common were fleas 29.4% (290/987), followed by ear mites O. cynotis 9.8% (97/987).Predictors of risk for parasite infection included age, a predominantly or exclusively outdoor lifestyle, geographic area and lack of anti-parasitic treatment.ConclusionBoth ecto- and endoparasites are still common in cats throughout Italy, many of them being of zoonotic concern and vectors of pathogens to humans. Given the presence of parasites throughout the entire study period, year-round treatment should be considered. Furthermore, data confirm the need to protect the human-animal bond using proper endo- and ecto-parasiticides to reduce the risk of human infection, in application of the One-Health concept.

scholarly journals CYP27B1 Gene Polymorphism rs10877012 in Patients Diagnosed with Colorectal Cancer

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 998
Author(s):  
Maria Latacz ◽  
Jadwiga Snarska ◽  
Elżbieta Kostyra ◽  
Konrad Wroński ◽  
Ewa Fiedorowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Intestinal Cells ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
The Third ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Peripheral Leukocytes

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly occurring cancer worldwide. Intestinal cells are CYP27B1 gene expression sites and, as a consequence, they are capable of converting pro-vitamin D into the active paracrine and autocrine forms. It was demonstrated that rs10877012 polymorphism in the CYP27B1 gene influenced the circulating vitamin D level. This provided a rationale for determining the role that this polymorphism plays in the risk of developing colon cancer. In this study, we investigated the association of rs10877012 (T/G) polymorphism in the CYP27B1 gene with CRC susceptibility. The study population (n = 325) included CRC patients (n = 106) and healthy controls (n = 219). DNA was extracted from peripheral leukocytes and analyzed for the CYP27B1 polymorphism using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. We found an association between the presence of the T allele at the polymorphic site (odds ratio (OR) = 2.94; 95% CI 1.77–4.86; p < 0.0001) and a decreased CRC incidence.

scholarly journals Complex corrective procedure in surgical treatment of asymmetrical pectus excavatum

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Krystian Pawlak ◽  
Łuksasz Gąsiorowski ◽  
Wojciech Dyszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Pectus Excavatum

scholarly journals Can We Use the Silodosin as Second Line Treatment of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekir Voyvoda ◽  
Onur Memik ◽  
Onur Karslı ◽  
Murat Üstüner ◽  
Levent Özcan
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Blocker Therapy ◽  
Alpha Blocker ◽  
The Third ◽  
Voiding Symptoms ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: We aimed to investigate the efficacy of silodosin in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) refractory to previous α-adrenergic receptor (AR) blocker therapy. Materials and Methods: Patients who did not benefit from alpha-blocker therapy but avoided surgical treatment constitute the population of our study. Seventy-five patients were studied in each group; Group 1 was given 8 mg of silodosin, while Group 2 continued the previous alpha-blocker treatment. Results: The initial mean international prostate symptom score (IPSS) was calculated as 20.81±0.97 in Group 1, in the third month there was a decrease of 17.12±1.25 (p<0.05). No significant change was observed in Group 2. In addition, a significant decrease was observed in IPSS subscores (storage and voiding symptoms) in Group 1 compared to baseline at the third month. There was an improvement in residual urine in the silodosin group and no improvement in the other group. Conclusion: In patients with BPH who refuse surgical treatment and could not achieve adequate symptom relief with other α-blockers in routine practice, silodosin was found superior in terms of LUTS recovery. Silodosin is also an effective option in patients who cannot undergo surgical treatment due to comorbidities.

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