A wide-band digital seismograph system

1970 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1417-1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Burke ◽  
E. R. Kanasewich ◽  
J. D. Malinsky ◽  
J. F. Montalbetti
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Seismic Energy ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Operational Amplifiers ◽  
Natural Period ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Seismic System

Abstract A three-component, broad-band seismic system which records directly onto seven-track digital tape is described. A novel approach of synthesizing a desired response by a differential filtering and summing technic using low-noise operational amplifiers is demonstrated. As an example, the usable velocity sensitivity of a Willmore Mark II seismometer having a natural period of 1.5 sec is extended out to about 40 sec under normal operating conditions. Seismic energy over a wide spectrum may thus be recorded.

Gain-ranging analog or digital seismic system

1974 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Kanasewich ◽  
W. P. Siewert ◽  
M. D. Burke ◽  
C. H. McCloughan ◽  
L. Ramsdell
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Active Filters ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Natural Period ◽  
Analog System ◽  
Effective Dynamic ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Seismic System

abstract A wide-band, gain-ranging amplifier is described that may be used for recording data with a dynamic range of 60 db in each of three different levels, 12 db apart, so that we achieve an “effective” dynamic ±160-v analog or 84-db digital, within a normal ±10-v analog system. As described, the ranging circuit reduces the gain of the amplifier by a factor of either 4 or 16 whenever the output signal approaches the maximum for the system. The wide-band response is achieved with low-noise operational amplifiers and second-order active filters. Signals with periods greater than 30 sec are amplified by 100 db and those with periods shorter than 1 sec are amplified by 70 db. The system works well in extending the useful output range of a Willmore Mark II seismometer with a natural period of 1.5 sec to over 40 sec under normal field operating conditions. When analog recording, the gain-range switching occurs when the input signal reaches ±8.1-v; when digital recording, the level is ±9.375 v. The period in a divide-by-4- or 16-state is preset by the experimentalist. The gain level is recorded on an extra channel which is also used to record absolute time.

Design Analysis of Inductorless Active Loaded Low Power UWB LNA Using Noise Cancellation Technique

Frequenz ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dheeraj Kalra ◽  
Manish Kumar ◽  
Aasheesh Shukla ◽  
Laxman Singh ◽  
Zainul Abdin Jaffery
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Noise Figure ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Noise Cancellation ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Design Analysis ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Power Gain

AbstractThis paper includes a design analysis of an inductorless low-power (LP) low-noise amplifier (LNA) with active load for Ultra Wide Band (UWB) applications. The proposed LNA consists of two parallel paths, one is the common source (CS) path and second is the CG path. The CG path has the edge advantage of improving overall Noise figure (NF) due to wide band impedance matching in UWB, while the CS path provides high power gain. A method for noise cancellation is adopted, to reduce the noise of CS path with the help of CG path. The proposed LNA successfully simulated in 90 nm CMOS technology. The results of proposed work indicate optimization at frequency 5.70 GHz with 3 dB bandwidth of 4.3 GHz–8.9 GHz. All simulations have been done for a range of frequency 03 GHz–13 GHz in Cadence virtuoso software. The results quoted 1.15 dB NF, −18.12 dB S11, 13.7 dB S21, maximum operating power gain (GP) 11.756 dB at frequency 5.7 GHz and available power gain (GA) is 10.17 dB at frequency 8.61 GHz, with 0.6 V, 0.92 mW broad band LNA.

ON-CHIP INDUCTORS OPTIMIZATION FOR ULTRA WIDE BAND LOW NOISE AMPLIFIERS

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (07) ◽  
pp. 1231-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. DEL PINO ◽  
SUNIL L. KHEMCHANDANI ◽  
ROBERTO DÍAZ-ORTEGA ◽  
R. PULIDO ◽  
H. GARCÍA-VÁZQUEZ
Keyword(s):  
Quality Factor ◽  
Noise Figure ◽  
Impedance Matching ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Low Noise Amplifiers ◽  
Integrated Inductor ◽  
On Chip

In this work, the influence of the inductor quality factor in wide band low noise amplifiers has been studied. Electromagnetic simulations have been used to model the integrated inductor broad band response. The influence of the quality factor on LNA performance of the inductors that compound the impedance matching networks, inductive degeneration and broadband load has been studied, obtaining design guidelines for optimizing the amplifier gain flatness. Using this guidelines, an LNA with wideband input matching, shunt-peaking load, and an output buffer was designed. Using Austria Mikro Systems BiCMOS 0.35 m process, a prototype has been fabricated achieving the following measured specifications: maximum gain of 12.5 dB at 3.4 GHz with a -3 dB bandwidth of 1.7–5.3 GHz, noise figure from 4.3 to 5.2 dB, and unity gain at 9.4 GHz.

scholarly journals Nanofabrication using home-made RF plasma coupled chemical vapour deposition system

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 1460342
Author(s):  
Si Ci Ong ◽  
Usman Ilyas ◽  
Rajdeep Singh Rawat
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Vapour ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Zno Nanowires ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Rf Plasma ◽  
Zno Nanostructures ◽  
Energetic Ions ◽  
Cvd Method ◽  
Etching Effect

Zinc oxide, ZnO , a popular semiconductor material with a wide band gap (3.37 eV) and high binding energy of the exciton (60 meV), has numerous applications such as in optoelectronics, chemical/biological sensors, and drug delivery. This project aims to (i) optimize the operating conditions for growth of ZnO nanostructures using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, and (ii) investigate the effects of coupling radiofrequency (RF) plasma to the CVD method on the quality of ZnO nanostructures. First, ZnO nanowires were synthesized using a home-made reaction setup on gold-coated and non-coated Si (100) substrates at 950 °C. XRD, SEM, EDX, and PL measurements were used for characterizations and it was found that a deposition duration of 10 minutes produced the most well-defined ZnO nanowires. SEM analysis revealed that the nanowires had diameters ranging from 30-100 mm and lengths ranging from 1-4 µm. In addition, PL analysis showed strong UV emission at 380 nm, making it suitable for UV lasing. Next, RF plasma was introduced for 30 minutes. Both remote and in situ RF plasma produced less satisfactory ZnO nanostructures with poorer crystalline structure, surface morphology, and optical properties due to etching effect of energetic ions produced from plasma. However, a reduction in plasma discharge duration to 10 minutes produced thicker and shorter ZnO nanostructures. Based on experimentation conducted, it is insufficient to conclude that RF plasma cannot aid in producing well-defined ZnO nanostructures. It can be deduced that the etching effect of energetic ions outweighed the increased oxygen radical production in RF plasma nanofabrication.

New Method to Determine the a-Si:H Pin Diode Series Resistance by Noise Measurements

1998 ◽  
Vol 507 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Blecher ◽  
K. Seibel ◽  
M. Hillebrand ◽  
M. Böhm
Keyword(s):  
Series Resistance ◽  
Partial Information ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
New Method ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Pin Diode ◽  
Noise Current ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Noise Measurements

ABSTRACTThe series resistance limits the linearity of photodiodes and decreases the efficiency of solar cells. It is usually determined from IV-measurements for moderate and high forward current density. This method, however, provides only partial information about Rs, since the series resistance depends on the operating point. An alternative method is based on noise measurements. System noise of the measuring system with a low-noise current-voltage converter has been investigated. A new method for extraction of photodiode series resistance from noise measurements is suggested. Noise measurements are carried out for a-Si:H pin diodes. The series resistance of an amorphous pin diode has been extracted for different operating conditions using the new measurement method.

Fluxgate and Search Coil Hybrid: A Low-Noise Wide-Band Magnetometer

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 3700-3703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Han ◽  
Shoumu Harada ◽  
Ichiro Sasada
Keyword(s):  
Wide Band ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Search Coil

Computation of Parameters of a Form Grinding Wheel for Grinding of Shaving Cutter for Plunge Shaving of Topologically Modified Involute Pinion

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 819-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Radzevich
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Error ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Surface Machining ◽  
Form Grinding ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Light Trucks ◽  
Part Surface

The paper is targeting on the finishing of precision gears for low-noise/noiseless transmission for cars and light trucks. Transmission error is the predominant cause of gear noise. The application of a topologically modified pinion results in reduction of transmission error up to two times. The required modification of the pinion tooth surface is provided on a plunge shaving operation with application of a shaving cutter of an appropriate design. A novel approach for computation of parameters of a form grinding wheel for grinding of the shaving cutter for plunge shaving of a precision involute pinion with topologically modified tooth surface is reported in the paper. The developed approach for computation of parameters of the form grinding wheel is focused on application of the shaving cutter grinder with a lack of CNC articulation. The problem under consideration is solved using the DG/K-based approach of part surface machining earlier developed by the author. (The DG/K-approach is based on fundamental results obtained in differential geometry of surfaces, and in kinematics of multi-parametric motion of a rigid body in E3 space (See Radzevich, S.P., Sculptured Surface Machining on Multi-Axis CNC Machine. Monograph, 1991, Vishcha Shkola Publishers, Kiev (in Russian). See also Radzevich, S.P., 2001, Fundamentals of Surface Machining. Monograph, Rastan, Kiev (in Russian).) An analytical solution to the problem is discussed in the paper. The solution has been used for developing software for the Mitsubishi ZA30CNC shaving cutter grinder for the needs of the automotive industry. Computer simulation reveals high accuracy of the ground shaving cutter.

Design of 3.1-10.6GHz CMOS LNA Based on Input Matching Technique of Common-Gate Topology

2013 ◽  
Vol 479-480 ◽  
pp. 1014-1017
Author(s):  
Yi Cheng Chang ◽  
Meng Ting Hsu ◽  
Yu Chang Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Noise Figure ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Input Matching ◽  
Common Gate ◽  
Cmos Lna ◽  
Noise Amplifier ◽  
Is Design

In this study, three stage ultra-wide-band CMOS low-noise amplifier (LNA) is presented. The UWB LNA is design in 0.18μm TSMC CMOS technique. The LNA input and output return loss are both less than-10dB, and achieved 10dB of average power gain, the minimum noise figure is 6.55dB, IIP3 is about-9.5dBm. It consumes 11mW from a 1.0-V supply voltage.

Improving Gerotor Pump Performance Trough Design, Modeling and Simulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lozica Ivanović ◽  
Miloš Matejić
Keyword(s):  
Low Noise ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Pump Efficiency ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Wear Process ◽  
Gerotor Pump ◽  
Gerotor Pumps ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Compact Design

Gerotor pumps are well known by a compact design, simple structure and low noise level, which makes them suitable for use in the automotive industry, and especially in hydraulic systems for engine lubrication. One of the main disadvantages of gerotor pumps is the inability to adjust to wear, which significantly reduces the pump efficiency. In order to mitigate the negative effect of the inevitable wear process, this paper presents a methodology for determining the optimal combination of trochoid gears design parameters for a defined aspect. An appropriate mathematical model has been developed to analyze the effect of changes in gear design parameters in relation to maximum contact stresses, pressure changes in gerotor pump chambers and wear rate proportional factor (WRPF). Verification of the developed models was performed by realizing physical pairs of gears and laboratory experiments with simulation of pump operating conditions. The results and conclusions presented in this paper, with an emphasis on the actual work processes, bring very important perspectives for the gerotor pumps design with improved performance.

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