Moderate growth in global oilseeds production

2012 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Moderate Growth

scholarly journals Suitability Analysis of 17 Probiotic Type Strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria as Starter for Kimchi Fermentation

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1435
Author(s):  
Hee Seo ◽  
Jae-Han Bae ◽  
Gayun Kim ◽  
Seul-Ah Kim ◽  
Byung Hee Ryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Suitability Analysis ◽  
Moderate Growth ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Type Strains

The use of probiotic starters can improve the sensory and health-promoting properties of fermented foods. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as a starter for kimchi fermentation. Seventeen probiotic type strains were tested for their growth rates, volatile aroma compounds, metabolites, and sensory characteristics of kimchi, and their characteristics were compared to those of Leuconostoc (Le.) mesenteroides DRC 1506, a commercial kimchi starter. Among the tested strains, Limosilactobacillus fermentum, Limosilactobacillus reuteri, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, and Ligilactobacillus salivarius exhibited high or moderate growth rates in simulated kimchi juice (SKJ) at 37 °C and 15 °C. When these five strains were inoculated in kimchi and metabolite profiles were analyzed during fermentation using GC/MS and 1H-NMR, data from the principal component analysis (PCA) showed that L. fermentum and L. reuteri were highly correlated with Le. mesenteroides in concentrations of sugar, mannitol, lactate, acetate, and total volatile compounds. Sensory test results also indicated that these three strains showed similar sensory preferences. In conclusion, L. fermentum and L. reuteri can be considered potential candidates as probiotic starters or cocultures to develop health-promoting kimchi products.

scholarly journals On the growth and zeros of polynomials attached to arithmetic functions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Heim ◽  
Markus Neuhauser
Keyword(s):  
Lie Algebras ◽  
Chebyshev Polynomials ◽  
Fourier Coefficients ◽  
Arithmetic Functions ◽  
Zeros Of Polynomials ◽  
Simple Complex ◽  
Hook Length ◽  
Moderate Growth ◽  
Growth Properties ◽  
Sum Of Divisors

AbstractIn this paper we investigate growth properties and the zero distribution of polynomials attached to arithmetic functions g and h, where g is normalized, of moderate growth, and $$0<h(n) \le h(n+1)$$ 0 < h ( n ) ≤ h ( n + 1 ) . We put $$P_0^{g,h}(x)=1$$ P 0 g , h ( x ) = 1 and $$\begin{aligned} P_n^{g,h}(x) := \frac{x}{h(n)} \sum _{k=1}^{n} g(k) \, P_{n-k}^{g,h}(x). \end{aligned}$$ P n g , h ( x ) : = x h ( n ) ∑ k = 1 n g ( k ) P n - k g , h ( x ) . As an application we obtain the best known result on the domain of the non-vanishing of the Fourier coefficients of powers of the Dedekind $$\eta $$ η -function. Here, g is the sum of divisors and h the identity function. Kostant’s result on the representation of simple complex Lie algebras and Han’s results on the Nekrasov–Okounkov hook length formula are extended. The polynomials are related to reciprocals of Eisenstein series, Klein’s j-invariant, and Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind.

scholarly journals Feeding diverse prey as an excellent strategy of mixotrophic dinoflagellates for global dominance

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. eabe4214
Author(s):  
Hae Jin Jeong ◽  
Hee Chang Kang ◽  
An Suk Lim ◽  
Se Hyeon Jang ◽  
Kitack Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factor ◽  
Red Tide ◽  
Biogeochemical Cycles ◽  
Evolutionary Strategy ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Red Tides ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Moderate Growth ◽  
Prey Diversity ◽  
Standing Question

Microalgae fuel food webs and biogeochemical cycles of key elements in the ocean. What determines microalgal dominance in the ocean is a long-standing question. Red tide distribution data (spanning 1990 to 2019) show that mixotrophic dinoflagellates, capable of photosynthesis and predation together, were responsible for ~40% of the species forming red tides globally. Counterintuitively, the species with low or moderate growth rates but diverse prey including diatoms caused red tides globally. The ability of these dinoflagellates to trade off growth for prey diversity is another genetic factor critical to formation of red tides across diverse ocean conditions. This finding has profound implications for explaining the global dominance of particular microalgae, their key eco-evolutionary strategy, and prediction of harmful red tide outbreaks.

RELATION OF COERCIVE FORCE TO STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF ELECTROPLATED FILMS

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Lloyd ◽  
R. S. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Coercive Force ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Applied Stress ◽  
Crystal Orientation ◽  
Anisotropy Field ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
Moderate Growth ◽  
Smith Model

Coercive forces (He) of Fe–Ni films were observed to depend on thickness, Fe/Ni ratio, and preferred crystal orientation in accordance with predictions based on the Behringer–Smith model. Annealing induces marked crystal growth and orientation of [111] axis normal to the plane in the Ni-rich films (> 80% Ni), but only moderate growth in the Fe-rich (< 80% Ni) films. He for Ni-rich films increases markedly while He for iron-rich films decreases slightly due to annealing. Variations of the anisotropy field, Hk, due to applied stress, indicate that reduction of He for the Fe-rich films results from moderate crystal growth while the increase of He for the Ni-rich films is due to the preferred orientation.

scholarly journals Dynamical model for social distancing in the U.S. during the COVID-19 epidemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-149
Author(s):  
Shirish M. Chitanvis
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Social Experiment ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Back Testing ◽  
Moderate Growth ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Very High ◽  
The U.S

AbstractBackground Social distancing has led to a “flattening of the curve” in many states across the U.S. This is part of a novel, massive, global social experiment which has served to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic in the absence of a vaccine or effective anti-viral drugs. Hence it is important to be able to forecast hospitalizations reasonably accurately.Methods We propose on phenomenological grounds a random walk/generalized diffusion equation which incorporates the effect of social distancing to describe the temporal evolution of the probability of having a given number of hospitalizations. The probability density function is log-normal in the number of hospitalizations, which is useful in describing pandemics where the number of hospitalizations is very high.Findings We used this insight and data to make forecasts for states using Monte Carlo methods. Back testing validates our approach, which yields good results about a week into the future. States are beginning to reopen at the time of submission of this paper and our forecasts indicate possible precursors of increased hospitalizations. However, the trends we forecast for hospitalizations as well as infections thus far show moderate growth.Additionally we studied the reproducibility Ro in New York (Italian strain) and California (Wuhan strain). We find that even if there is a difference in the transmission of the two strains, social distancing has been able to control the progression of COVID 19.

scholarly journals Melioidosis: A Rare Cause of Liver Abscess

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Franz M. San Martin ◽  
Catherine S. C. Teh ◽  
Ma. Amornetta J. Casupang
Keyword(s):  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Open Drainage ◽  
High Grade Fever ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Moderate Growth ◽  
Male Farmer ◽  
History Of

Case Presentation. This is a case of a 44-year-old male, farmer, known to be diabetic, presenting with two-week history of vague abdominal pain associated with high grade fever. Abdominal CT scan showed localized liver abscess at segment 8 measuring 7.5 × 6.8 × 6.1 cm. Patient subsequently underwent laparoscopic ultrasound guided pigtail insertion for drainage of abscess. Culture studies showed moderate growth ofBurkholderia pseudomalleiin which the patient completed seven days of IV Meropenem. On follow-up after 12 weeks of oral Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim, taken twice a day, the patient remained asymptomatic with no residual findings based on the abdominal ultrasound.Discussion. Diagnosis of melioidosis, a known “great masquerader,” relies heavily on culture studies. Consensus with regard to the management of liver abscess caused byBurkholderia pseudomalleihas not yet been established due to the rarity of cases. Surgical intervention through either a percutaneous or open drainage has shown good outcomes compared to IV antibiotics alone. In Philippines, the possibility of underreporting is highly plausible. This write-up serves not only to report a rare presentation of melioidosis but also to add to the number of cases reported in the country, possibly indicative of disease emergence.

Case report of osteolytic lesions in a patient with multisystem granulomatous disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e242685
Author(s):  
Henco Nel ◽  
Brad Davis ◽  
Brendan Adler ◽  
Eli Gabbay
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Caucasian Woman ◽  
Granulomatous Disease ◽  
Osteolytic Lesions ◽  
Moderate Growth ◽  
Systemic Corticosteroids ◽  
Lytic Lesions

We present a case of a 70-year-old Caucasian woman with multisystem granulomatous disease involving her lungs, bones and lymph nodes. The patient initially presented with cervical lymphadenopathy and subsequently developed progressive breathlessness. Imaging revealed extensive mediastinal, hilar and intra-abdominal lymphadenopathy as well as bilateral pulmonary parenchymal infiltrates. Lymph node and lung biopsy confirmed non-necrotising granulomatous inflammation while a BAL showed scanty growth of Cryptococcus neoformans and moderate growth of Staphylococcus aureus. The patient received intravenous ceftriaxone and had a good response to treatment. She also completed 3 months of oral fluconazole. Although a diagnosis of sarcoidosis was considered most likely, the patient was not initially started on systemic corticosteroids due to concern around possible infection and initial response to antimicrobials. However, her exercise tolerance gradually deteriorated. A craniofacial CT revealed multiple lytic lesions involving the skull and visualised cervical spine. Biopsy of a clivus lesion revealed non-necrotising granulomatous inflammation while fungal cultures and histopathological stains were negative. The patient was diagnosed with widespread sarcoidosis and she was initiated on prednisolone and methotrexate which led to marked clinical and radiological improvement.

Formation of Quasicrystals In Rapidly Solidified Al Alloys

1985 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Schaefer ◽  
Leonid A Bendersky
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Beam Melting ◽  
Icosahedral Phase ◽  
Intermetallic Phases ◽  
Moderate Growth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Beam Surface ◽  
Equilibrium Phases ◽  
Rapidly Solidified ◽  
T Phase

ABSTRACTElectron beam surface melting has been used to study Al-Mn and Al-Mn-Si alloys subjected to a wide range of solidification conditions. Several of the reported equilibrium intermetallic phases are not found even at moderate growth rates. Beyond a composition-dependent critical velocity the equilibrium phases are all replaced by the quasicrystalline icosahedral and decagonal (T) phases. The icosahedral phase is favored over the T phase by higher solidification velocities. The addition of Si to Al-Mn alloys eliminates the T phase, but does not significantly facilitate the formation of the icosahedral phase by electron beam melting because the ternary α and β phases of Al-Mn-Si are able to grow rapidly into the electron beam melts.

scholarly journals Photomorphogenesis in the Picocyanobacterium Cyanobium gracile Includes Increased Phycobilisome Abundance Under Blue Light, Phycobilisome Decoupling Under Near Far-Red Light, and Wavelength-Specific Photoprotective Strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Bernát ◽  
Tomáš Zavřel ◽  
Eva Kotabová ◽  
László Kovács ◽  
Gábor Steinbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transport ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
State Transitions ◽  
Photochemical Quenching ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Antenna Size ◽  
Moderate Growth

Photomorphogenesis is a process by which photosynthetic organisms perceive external light parameters, including light quality (color), and adjust cellular metabolism, growth rates and other parameters, in order to survive in a changing light environment. In this study we comprehensively explored the light color acclimation of Cyanobium gracile, a common cyanobacterium in turbid freshwater shallow lakes, using nine different monochromatic growth lights covering the whole visible spectrum from 435 to 687 nm. According to incident light wavelength, C. gracile cells performed great plasticity in terms of pigment composition, antenna size, and photosystem stoichiometry, to optimize their photosynthetic performance and to redox poise their intersystem electron transport chain. In spite of such compensatory strategies, C. gracile, like other cyanobacteria, uses blue and near far-red light less efficiently than orange or red light, which involves moderate growth rates, reduced cell volumes and lower electron transport rates. Unfavorable light conditions, where neither chlorophyll nor phycobilisomes absorb light sufficiently, are compensated by an enhanced antenna size. Increasing the wavelength of the growth light is accompanied by increasing photosystem II to photosystem I ratios, which involve better light utilization in the red spectral region. This is surprisingly accompanied by a partial excitonic antenna decoupling, which was the highest in the cells grown under 687 nm light. So far, a similar phenomenon is known to be induced only by strong light; here we demonstrate that under certain physiological conditions such decoupling is also possible to be induced by weak light. This suggests that suboptimal photosynthetic performance of the near far-red light grown C. gracile cells is due to a solid redox- and/or signal-imbalance, which leads to the activation of this short-term light acclimation process. Using a variety of photo-biophysical methods, we also demonstrate that under blue wavelengths, excessive light is quenched through orange carotenoid protein mediated non-photochemical quenching, whereas under orange/red wavelengths state transitions are involved in photoprotection.

scholarly journals Interactions Between the Kleptoplastidic Dinoflagellate Shimiella gracilenta and Several Common Heterotrophic Protists

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Ah Park ◽  
Hae Jin Jeong ◽  
Jin Hee Ok ◽  
Hee Chang Kang ◽  
Ji Hyun You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Ingestion Rate ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Maximum Growth Rate ◽  
Prey Concentration ◽  
Ingestion Rates ◽  
Oxyrrhis Marina ◽  
Planktonic Food ◽  
Moderate Growth ◽  
Algal Prey

The newly described dinoflagellate, Shimiella gracilenta, is known to survive for approximately 1 month on the plastids of ingested prey cells during starvation, indicating kleptoplastidy. To understand the population dynamics of this dinoflagellate in marine planktonic food webs, its growth and mortality rate due to predation should be assessed. Thus, we investigated the feeding occurrence of eight common heterotrophic protists on S. gracilenta. We also determined the growth and ingestion rates of Oxyrrhis marina and the naked ciliate, Rimostrombidium sp. on S. gracilenta as a function of the prey concentration. The common heterotrophic dinoflagellates (HTDs) Gyrodinium dominans, O. marina, and Pfiesteria piscicida and a naked ciliate Rimostrombidium sp. were able to feed on S. gracilenta; whereas the HTDs Aduncodinium glandula, Gyrodinium jinhaense, Oblea rotunda, and Polykrikos kofoidii were not. Shimiella gracilenta supported positive growth of O. marina and Rimostrombidium sp. but did not support that of G. dominans and P. piscicida. With increasing prey concentrations, the growth and ingestion rates of O. marina and Rimostrombidium sp. on S. gracilenta increased and became saturated. The maximum growth rates of O. marina and Rimostrombidium sp. on S. gracilenta were 0.645 and 0.903 day−1, respectively. Furthermore, the maximum ingestion rates of O. marina and Rimostrombidium sp. on S. gracilenta were 0.11 ng C predator day−1 (1.6 cells predator−1 day−1) and 35 ng C predator day−1 (500 cells predator−1 day−1), respectively. The maximum ingestion rate of O. marina on S. gracilenta was lower than that on any other algal prey reported to date, although its maximum growth rate was moderate. In conclusion, S. gracilenta had only a few common heterotrophic protist predators but could support moderate growth rates of the predators. Thus, S. gracilenta may not be a common prey species for diverse heterotrophic protists but may be a suitable prey for a few heterotrophic protists.

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