scholarly journals Digitalization and Migration: Aspects of Interaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Julia S. Kolesnikova ◽  
◽  
Soheib Boudjenah ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Economic Modeling ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Labor Market ◽  
Digital Work ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Productivity Gains

Digitalization has radically changed and penetrated various economic sectors, completely changing the traditional foundations of the global labor market. Changes in information and communications technology have triggered a wave of new processes and products, driving competition and productivity gains, leading to the emergence of digital work platforms – a new way of organizing work and business. In turn, these trends have influenced the migration processes in the world, and this article is aimed at studying aspects of the reorganization of labor migration within the framework of this transformation. Based on the data of economic modeling, it was determined that the greatest statistically significant effect is exerted by variables in activity in the Internet space, the development of a mobile network, the development of social networks, and digital work platforms that provide access to income as a result of digital labor are also significant.

Labor Markets and Migration

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Martin
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Migration Process ◽  
And Migration ◽  
R Functions

Labor markets have the three R functions of recruiting workers, remunerating them to encourage them to perform their jobs satisfactorily, and retaining experienced and productive workers. Employers in one country and jobs in another complicate these three Rs, especially recruitment, which is why both employers and workers often turn to private recruiters to act as intermediaries between jobs and workers. Recruiters are most deeply involved in the second phase of the four-phase labor migration process—matching workers with jobs. Indeed, the fact that recruiters rarely visit the workplaces to which they send workers, and do not always expect to send more workers to particular employers, reduces their incentives to make good worker–job matches.

Race, Criminal Justice, and Migration Control

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Its Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Migration Control ◽  
Key Sites ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Way

In an era of mass mobility, those who are permitted to migrate and those who are criminalized, controlled, and prohibited from migrating are heavily patterned by race. By placing race at the centre of its analysis, this volume brings together fourteen essays that examine, question, and explain the growing intersection between criminal justice and migration control. Through the lens of race, we see how criminal justice and migration enmesh in order to exclude, stop, and excise racialized citizens and non-citizens from societies across the world within, beyond, and along borders. Neatly organized in four parts, the book begins with chapters that present a conceptual analysis of race, borders, and social control, moving to the institutions that make up and shape the criminal justice and migration complex. The remaining chapters are convened around the key sites where criminal justice and migration control intersect: policing, courts, and punishment. Together the volume presents a critical and timely analysis of how race shapes and complicates mobility and how racism is enabled and reanimated when criminal justice and migration control coalesce. Race and the meaning of race in relation to citizenship and belonging are excavated throughout the chapters presented in the book, thereby transforming the way we think about migration.

Labor Migration to the Persian Gulf Monarchies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra R. Babar
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Unique Feature ◽  
Migrant Populations ◽  
International Labor ◽  
The World ◽  
Permanent Settlement ◽  
Gulf States ◽  
Formal Integration ◽  
The Persian Gulf

The six oil monarchies of the Persian Gulf together form one of the most concentrated global sites of international labor migration, with some of the highest densities of non-citizens to citizens seen anywhere in the world. A somewhat unique feature of the region is that while it hosts millions of migrants, it allows almost no access to permanent settlement. Gulf States have hosted large cohorts of migrants for more than half a century but have done so without efforts toward formal integration through citizenship. Although labor migration as a phenomenon is both permanent and prominent, the Gulf States’ mechanism for governing migration systematically reinforces the temporariness and transience of their migrant populations.

East Asian Exceptionalism to Western Populism and Migration Crisis

2018 ◽  
pp. 196-210
Author(s):  
John Lie
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
East Asia ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Northeast Asia ◽  
Historical Account ◽  
World War ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
The World ◽  
Migration Crisis ◽  
And Migration

In the 2010s, the world is seemingly awash with waves of populism and anti-immigration movements. Yet virtually all discussions, owing to the prevailing Eurocentric perspective, bypass East Asia (more accurately, Northeast Asia) and the absence of strong populist or anti-immigration discourses or politics. This chapter presents a comparative and historical account of East Asian exceptionalism in the matter of migration crisis, especially given the West’s embrace of an insider-outsider dichotomy superseding the class- and nation-based divisions of the post–World War II era. The chapter also discusses some nascent articulations of Western-style populist discourses in Northeast Asia, and concludes with the potential for migration crisis in the region.

scholarly journals Global Food Security in a Pandemic: The Case of the New Coronavirus (COVID-19)

World ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-190
Author(s):  
Diosey Ramon Lugo-Morin
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
The World ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
And Control ◽  
Global Food

The world is currently experiencing a pandemic: a virus in the family Coronaviridae is causing serious respiratory infections in humans. The outbreak of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the WHO on 11 March 2020. The outbreak began in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and has since spread throughout the world. Despite measures taken by governments throughout the world to contain and control the spread, economic disruption at the global level is imminent and will affect all economic sectors, particularly the food sector. In a post-pandemic scenario, the use of new technologies will be decisive in a new model of food commercialization. The production and distribution of food will be configured to make supply chains optimal and safe systems. Against this background, the present study aims to explore and analyze the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for global food security.

Accession of the Russian Federation to the World Trade Organization: A New Player Joins the Trade Game

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 321-365
Author(s):  
Kim Van der Borght
Keyword(s):  
World Trade Organization ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Political Obligations ◽  
The World ◽  
Border Dispute ◽  
Accession Process ◽  
The Russian Federation

To date, no country has taken longer to join the World Trade Organization than the Russian Federation despite the fact that the ussr (of which the Russian Federation is the legal successor) participated in the drafting conference of the Charter to the International Trade Organization, i.e., the original source of the rules of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and the later wto. While the ussr never joined the ito, Russia finally joined the wto in 2012, eighteen years after its first application had been made. The reasons for the lengthy accession process were partially economic, as the wto was established to remove trade impediments; however, the context also was highly politicized. The economic aspects of the wto accession process are the concessions made to existing members. These entail removing the cover offered to domestic producers by opening up to international competition. This process also has political aspects, as domestic lobbies representing economic sectors likely to suffer from an increasingly competitive international environment seek compensation. The politicization is facilitated by a custom contra legem in wto decision-making procedures that gives a de facto veto to existing members. Georgia used this to reassert its position on South Osetiia and Abkhaziia. China brought a border dispute into the process, and the us entangled the process in a broad-ranging debate linked to human rights. In joining the wto, a dual process of domestic and international negotiations results in the final package of commitments to which an acceding member needs to agree as it joins the wto. Part of our focus in this article will be on key economic and political obligations that the Russian Federation took upon itself by becoming a member of the wto.

Food security in the 21st century and in the role of biotechnology

foresight ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 399-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Pinstrup‐Andersen ◽  
Marc J. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Adequate Diet ◽  
The World ◽  
Productivity Gains ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Global Food

Although global food production has consistently kept pace with population growth, the gap between food production and demand in certain parts of the world is likely to remain. More than 800 million people in developing countries lack access to a minimally adequate diet. Continued productivity gains are essential on the supply side, because global population will increase by 73 million people a year over the next two decades. In this article we assess the current global food situation, look at the prospects through to the year 2020, and outline the policies needed to achieve food security for all. Emphasis is on the role that agricultural biotechnology might play in reaching this goal.

scholarly journals Migration Systems in Southern Portugal: Regional and Transatlantic Circuits of Labor Migration in the Algarve (Eighteenth–Twentieth Centuries)

2000 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo J. Borges
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Southern Portugal ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Migration Systems ◽  
Over Time

This article applies a systems approach to the analysis of multiple circuits of labor migration that emerged in the Algarve, southern Portugal, from the late eighteenth century to the mid 1900s, and their connections. Over time Algarvian migrants participated in three main systems of migration: internal migration and migration to southern Spain and Gibraltar, transatlantic migration to the Americas and Africa – especially to Argentina – and migration to northern Europe. Rather than an abrupt break with a sedentary past, the article shows how the beginnings of transatlantic migration at the turn of the century were the result of modification and adaptation of existing strategies of labor migration.

Marrying out: Exploring Dimensions of Cross-National Marriages among Qataris

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaa Taha Alharahsheh ◽  
◽  
Feras Al Meer ◽  
Ahmed Aref ◽  
Gilla Camden
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Marriage Patterns ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
National Boundaries ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Cross National

In an age of social transformation characterized by globalization, wireless communication, and ease of travel and migration, more and more people around the world are marrying across national boundaries. This has occurred worldwide with the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) as no exception to this trend. As with the rest of the GCC, Qatar has witnessed remarkable social changes because of the discovery of petroleum resources that have affected the daily lives of people within Qatar in myriad ways. This includes marriage patterns, whereby cross-national marriages (marriages with non-Qataris) have shown a marked increase during the past few years, reaching 21% of total Qatari marriages in 2015 compared with only 16.5% in 1985.

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