scholarly journals A heritage park or treasury? Material culture of the inhabitants of Bydgoszcz preserved in their urban dialect: Etymological analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Andrzej S. Dyszak
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Bleaching Agent ◽  
Everyday Objects ◽  
Home Furnishings ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
German Origin ◽  
The City ◽  
Outer Garment

The study concerns the names of clothing, home furnishings, everyday objects, tools, and means of transport contained in the lexicon of the Bydgoszcz city dialect. This lexical stock includes the names of the outer garment (e.g. buks ‘trousers’), recreational clothes (badeje ‘swimming trunks’), headgear (e.g. lujmycka ‘hooligan’s cap’), footwear (e.g. kropusy ‘men’s shoes with high uppers’). Another area is the apartment; for example, the names of kitchen equipment have German origin (e.g. ausgust ‘kitchen sink’, kastrolka ‘saucepan’). This also concerns the names of three stools differing in height: the lowest one is called ryczka, a taller one is szemel, and the tallest is hoker. Texts in the Bydgoszcz city dialect also contain the names of artefacts necessary to perform everyday activities, such as cleaning (e.g. szruber ‘rice brush’) or laundry (e.g. balia ‘large wooden bath tub’). A separate place in the material culture of the inhabitants of Bydgoszcz is occupied by technological vocabulary, such as the names of tools (żaga ‘saw’) and transport (e.g. rolwaga ‘horse-drawn cart for transportation of goods’). Most of the names are Germanisms. A smaller number come from rural or folk dialects (e.g. modre ‘bleaching agent’, rydelek ‘visor of a cap’, szlory ‘old, trodden footwear’, trygiel ‘cast iron pot’). It is concluded that the city dialect is not only a museum or heritage park but also a treasury of old words.

Ibero-American Architecture and Urbanism

2019 ◽  
pp. 285-311
Author(s):  
Paul Niell
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
New World ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Counter Reformation ◽  
American Architecture ◽  
Political Norms ◽  
The City

The Baroque in Ibero-American Architecture and Urbanism, in parts of the Americas formerly comprising the Spanish and Portuguese empires, has been traditionally studied as a question of adherence to or deviation from a Counter-Reformation style promoted primarily by ecclesiastical institutions. This article expands upon what is meant by “Baroque” in the architecture and urbanism of the Iberian empires in the Americas. Through the analysis of urban plans, images of the city, architectural interiors and exteriors, physical urban spaces, and other forms of material culture, this article argues that Ibero-American architecture and urbanism in the age of the Baroque belonged to a phenomenon of ordering and thereby creating the “New World” as ideologically constituted colonial spaces that reified social and political norms. Furthermore, human subjects actively negotiated the spaces created by architecture and the city, making the American Baroque also part of a process of negotiating order and thereby producing American spaces.

Coda: Repositioning Early Modern Prague on the Global Stage

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Suzanna Ivanič
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Religious Change ◽  
Early Modern Europe ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Musical Knowledge ◽  
Historical Moment ◽  
The City

The question that sparked this forum was to what extent we can see Prague as an important stage for Renaissance and Reformation exchange and as an internationally connected city. It is striking, though not unexpected, that all the authors have been drawn to some extent to sources and subjects in Rudolfine Prague. It must be stressed, however, that the emphasis of each of these studies is somewhat different to an older field of “Rudolfine studies.” The researchers here do not focus on the emperor's court but use it as context. It is tangential to their main focal points—on Jewish communities, religious change, and the exchange of scientific and musical knowledge—and these are first and foremost historians not of Prague but of social and cultural history, music, art, material culture, and religion. This indicates a marked shift from the historiography. For this generation of scholars, Prague is not only a city that is home to a fascinating and intriguing art historical moment but is also a city of early modern international connections. It provides a unique context for understanding communities, everyday experiences, religion, and culture in early modern Europe—a multilingual, multiconfessional, and multicultural mixing pot whose composition changed dramatically across the early modern period. Rudolf's court was certainly a catalyst for these crossings and encounters, but they did not fade away after his death in 1612, nor were they limited to the confines of the castle above the city.

Goods and States: The Political Logic of State-Socialist Material Culture

2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 426-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krisztina Fehérváry
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Democratic Governance ◽  
Soviet Bloc ◽  
The Political ◽  
State Socialism ◽  
Iron Curtain ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Widespread Phenomenon ◽  
The City ◽  
State Socialist

In the two decades since the fall of state socialism, the widespread phenomenon ofnostalgiein the former Soviet satellites has made clear that the everyday life of state socialism, contrary to stereotype, was experienced and is remembered in color. Nonetheless, popular accounts continue to depict the Soviet bloc as gray and colorless. As Paul Manning (2007) has argued, color becomes a powerful tool for legitimating not only capitalism, but democratic governance as well. An American journalist, for example, recently reflected on her own experience in the region over a number of decades:It's hard to communicate how colorless and shockingly gray it was behind the Iron Curtain … the only color was the red of Communist banners. Stores had nothing to sell. There wasn't enough food… . Lines formed whenever something, anything, was for sale. The fatigue of daily life was all over their faces. Now… fur-clad women confidently stride across the winter ice in stiletto heels. Stores have sales… upscale cafés cater to cosmopolitan clients, and magazine stands, once so strictly controlled, rival those in the West. … Life before was so drab. Now the city seems loaded with possibilities (Freeman 2008).

Kharkiv Scenography School of O. Khvostenko-Khvostov: The Experience of Professionalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (02) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
V. Chechyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Music And Literature ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Theatrical Design ◽  
Outstanding Teachers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Compulsory Subject ◽  
The City

The article is devoted to the early years of formation of Kharkiv scenography school and to the creative and pedagogical activities of Olexander Khvostenko-Khvostov (1895–1967). It was reported that the bold experiments of this artist, in the field of theatrical design of 1918–1922, made him one of the central figures of Kharkiv avant-garde scene (“Mystery Buff”; “The Army in the City”; “Lilyuli”, etc), strengthening the reputation of an innovator and causing the beginning of pedagogical activity at the Kharkiv Art College in 1921. The theatrical and decorative workshop was opened at the faculty of painting at the Kharkiv Art College in 1922, it was headed by A. Khvostenko-Khvostov. Among the first graduates were such bright alumni as A. Volnenko, P. Suponin, V. Ryftin, A. Bosulaev, B. Chernyshov, and others. Fundamental provisions of the educational program, which A. Khvostenko borrowed from the teaching practice of A. Exter (Kyiv Studio, 1918–1920), reflected the formation idea of future theater artist’s synthetic thinking. It is known that the education program of the Theater and Scenery Workshop of KAC, equally with the Studio of A. Exter, in addition to the subjects common to all students of painting and drawing faculty as special subjects (theatrical scenery, technique and technology of the stage, etc.) included also the history of theater (I. Turkeltaub), material culture, costume, music and literature (A. Beletsky). O. Khvostenko paid special attention to theoretical and practical issues of composition. He introduced the course of fundamentals of directing (V. Vasilko) as a compulsory subject. Much of what the students mastered at the Workshop was tested on the professional stages of Kharkiv theaters. Associated with the Kharkiv Art School for a quarter of a century (1921–1946), O. Khvostenko-Khvostov has not still been included in the pantheon of its outstanding teachers.

scholarly journals POLA PEMANFAATAN RUANG PADA SELAMATAN DESA DI PERMUKIMAN PERKOTAAN, STUDI KASUS: SELAMATAN DESA RW IV KELURAHAN JAJAR TUNGGAL SURABAYA

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dahlia Astari ◽  
Agung Murti Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Main Street ◽  
Behavior Study ◽  
Dense Urban Area ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
The City

Selamatan desa adalah ritual yang bertujuan untuk mengucapkan rasa syukur atas panen yang melimpah dan menghindarkan diri dari mara bahaya. Di beberapa daerah di Kota Surabaya masih melaksanakan tradisi tersebut terutama di daerah pertanian. Meskipun demikian, RW IV Kelurahan Jajar Tunggal masih mempertahankan tradisi tersebut meskipun kondisi permukiman berada di wilayah padat perkotaan dengan penduduk yang mayoritas beragama Islam dan bekerja di sektor swasta dan bekerja sebagai tukang. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini ingin mengetahui pola pemanfaatan ruang yang terjadi pada pelaksanaan selamatan desa dengan memanfaatkan jalan utama untuk melaksanakan tradisi tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan behavior mapping dengan pemetaan perilaku yaitu place centered maps. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa pola pemanfaatan ruang di jalan utama kampung berbentuk menyebar dan mengelompok di daerah yang rindang dan dekat dengan warung/toko. Sedangkan pada saat selamatan desa, pusat aktivitas terjadi hampir di sepanjang jalan utama kampung Selamatan desa is a ritual that aims to create a sense of gratitude for a bountiful harvest and refrain from danger. In some areas in the city of Surabaya still  performs  this tradition, especially in the areas that still have agricultural land. However, RW IV Kelurahan Jajar Tunggal still performs this tradition even though the conditions in the settlements located in the dense urban area with a  Muslim  majority society and livelihood as private sector employees and craftmans. Therefore, this study wants to know the pattern of utilization of space that occurs in Selamatan desa that using the main street for the tradition. The Method used is descriptive qualitative with environment behavior study approach with behavior mapping by place centered maps. The results of this study indicate that the pattern of use of the street in everyday activities shaped with spread and clustered form in an area close to stall or shady areas. While at Selamatan desa, the concentration of activity spread all along the main street

“As if she were Jerusalem”: Placemaking in Sephardic Salonica

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-169
Author(s):  
Peter Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Demographic Shift ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Broad Array ◽  
Specific Concept ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
The City

No Mediterranean city witnessed as dramatic a demographic shift as Salonica following the expulsion of the Jews from Iberia in 1492. This article explores the specific concept of placemaking in the context of this transformation, examining how the industries, devotional spaces, mythology, and material traditions of Iberian Jews tactically engaged with extant forms of Ottoman multicultural governance and social systems. Drawing upon a broad array of visual and textual information, this article argues that under the evolving mechanics of the millet and dhimmi systems, the nimbler aspects of material culture–color, fabric, dress, spoliation–proved to be the most effective in articulating and developing diasporic Sephardic identity within both the city and the empire. This article further analyzes the ways in which this identity was capable of, if not inclined to, the delimiting of regional, class, and gender groups, ultimately contouring and challenging notions of a monolithic minority culture within the Ottoman Empire from the sixteenth through the early nineteenth century.

Women, Food, and Diet in the Middle Ages

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa A. Vaughan
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Great Book ◽  
Italian Renaissance ◽  
Food Material ◽  
Early Modern Italy ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Accounts ◽  
The City

Latini’s masterpiece of Baroque cooking and household management was the first book to publish recipes using tomatoes and chilli peppers. This first complete English translation presents the text with contextual introduction and notes to aid the reader’s understanding. The Modern Steward was published in Naples in 1692-94, when the city was a major cultural centre. It includes a wealth of recipes, plus discussions of the kitchen and serving staff, setting the table, menus, protocol, entertainment, and wines. There are also sections on health, accounts of specific banquets, and even a description of an eruption of Vesuvius. It is the last great book of the Italian Renaissance and Baroque cooking tradition. Latini was also interested in local ingredients and customs, and open to new French trends. The book will interest historians of early modern Italy, food, material culture, and the social and cultural life of the European elites, as well as connoisseurs of fine dining, and cooks.

The new Basrah Museum: dedicated to the archaeological and historical inheritance of Basrah and Iraq

Antiquity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (369) ◽  
pp. 811-813
Author(s):  
Adil Hashim Ali
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Fertile Crescent ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
A Site ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The City

Located in the Fertile Crescent and at the head of the Persian/Arabian Gulf, the city of Basra is steeped in history. Close to the heart of ancient Mesopotamia, the territory of modern Iraq was occupied variously by Achaemenids and Seleucids, Parthians, Romans and Sassanids, before the arrival of Islam in the early middle ages. In more recent history, the city's strategic position near the Gulf coast has made Basra a site of contestation and conflict. This exposure to so many different cultures and civilisations has contributed to the rich identity of Basra, a wealth of history that demands a cultural museum able to present all of the historical periods together in one place. The original Basra Museum was looted and destroyed in 1991, during the first Gulf War. The destruction and loss of so much of Iraq's history and material culture prompted official collaboration to build a new museum that would represent the city of Basrah and showcase its significance in the history of Iraq. The culmination of an eight-year collaborative project between the Iraq Ministry of Culture, the State Board of Antiquities and the Friends of Basrah Museum, the new museum was opened initially in September 2016. Already established as a cultural landmark in the city, with up to 200 visitors a day and rising, the museum was officially opened on 20 March 2019. The author was fortunate to be present for this event and able to explore the new galleries (Figure 1).

Gath of the Philistines

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Pioske
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
The Creation ◽  
A Site ◽  
The City

Chapter 2 begins a series of case studies that are devoted to exploring what knowledge was drawn on by the biblical scribes to develop stories about the early Iron Age period. This chapter’s investigation is devoted to the Philistine city of Gath, one of the largest cities of its time and a site that was destroyed ca. 830 BCE. Significant about Gath, consequently, is that it flourished as an inhabited location before the emergence of a mature Hebrew prose writing tradition, meaning that the information recounted about the city was predicated primarily on older cultural memories of the location. Comparing the biblical references to the site with Gath’s archaeological remains reveals moments of resonance between these stories and the material culture unearthed from the location. Accordingly, what comes to light through this chapter’s analysis is one mode of remembering that informed the creation of these biblical stories: that of resilience.

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