scholarly journals Correlation of the Gastrointestinal Parasitism with the Phytominerals in the Grazing Sheep (Ovis aries)

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Rizwan
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Parasitic Burden ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Fasciola Spp

Trace elements play an important role to boost the immunity and fight against parasitic infections. Concentration of trace elements like Copper (Cu), Cobalt (Co), Manganese (Mn) and Zinc (Zn) were determined in soil, forages and sera of sheep. An associative analysis was also made between the burden of Gastrointestinal (GI) parasites and concentrations of trace elements of sheep sera. For this, 384 faecal and blood samples of sheep, an appropriate number of forages and soil samples were collected. The faecal samples were subjected to determine the species and burden of GI parasites. The sera, plant and soil samples were subjected to pre-treatment (digestion) required for the determination of trace elements. The overall prevalence of GI parasites was 32.81% and the most prevalent species were Haemonchus (H.) contortus followed in order by Eimeria spp., Strongyloides spp., Trichostrongylus spp. and Fasciola spp. Variables like age, sex, breed and tehsils of Silakot district showed an insignificant association with GI parasitic burden. Trace elements concentration of forages showed a significant (P < 0.05) variation while trace elements concentration of soil showed an insignificant (P > 0.05) variation. In serum, Zn concentration showed significant (P < 0.05) results among all the tehsils of study district. Mean concentrations of Mn and Cu in serum were found inversely proportional to the mean egg count per gram of sheep faeces in tehsil Pasroor of the Sialkot district. Forages containing high concentrations of Mn and Cu can be used effectively against GI parasites. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

scholarly journals Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in cattle in Kalasin Province, Thailand

2021 ◽  
pp. 2091-2096
Author(s):  
Sirikanda Thanasuwan ◽  
Supawadee Piratae ◽  
Anupong Tankrathok
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Double Infection ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Acetate Concentration ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Fasciola Spp ◽  
And Control ◽  
Concentration Methods

Background and Aim: Parasitic infections are one of the major problems to the production of cattle in Thailand. The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites of cattle in Kalasin Province, Thailand. Materials and Methods: A total of 333 fecal samples of cattle were collected directly from the rectum. The fecal samples were subjected to formalin-ethyl acetate concentration methods for examination. The eggs or oocysts were identified based on the morphology and size of the eggs or oocysts. Results: Out of 333 fecal samples examined, 320 were found positive for GI parasitic infections with a prevalence of 96.09%. Overall, among the prevalence of nematodes, trematodes, and protozoa, the most prevalent parasites were Strongyle-type 278 (84.24%), followed by Strongyloides spp. 54 (16.36%) and Trichuris spp. 75 (22.73%), while Protozoan oocyst recorded Eimeria spp. amounted to 131 (39.7%). Fasciola spp. and Paramphistomum spp. were 67 (20.30%) and 81 (24.55%), respectively. Most of the positive fecal samples were infected with the double infection which has the highest prevalence rate of about 40.24%, followed by single, three, and 4-5 types of parasites 30.63, 16.82, and 7.21%, respectively. Conclusion: This study suggests that Kalasin Province is highly endemic for GI parasites and this area may be an important source for an outbreak. Therefore, every household should deworm its cattle and eliminate and control snails as intermediate hosts. Findings from this study provide information that will assist in improving the cattle in Kalasin Province for better production and higher profitability.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal parasitic infection in Gir Cattle (Bos primigenius indicus) and Jaffrabadi Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) from Junagadh, Gujarat, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jatin V. Raval ◽  
Riddhi M. Sachaniya
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Toxocara Vitulorum ◽  
Balantidium Coli ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Buxtonella Sulcata ◽  
Fasciola Spp

Abstract Coprological analysis was performed to check the presence and previlance of gastrointestinal parasites. One hundred seventy six bovine faecal samples were studied. The study reported the presence of parasitic stages of Balantidium coli, Buxtonella sulcata, Trichostrongylus spp., Toxocara vitulorum, Fasciola spp., Strongyloid spp., and Paraamphistomum spp. 43.51 % (n = 108) faecal samples from Gir cattle (Bos primigenius indicus) were positive for Gastrointestinal parasitic infections. and 36.76 % (n = 68) faecal samples from Jaffrabadi Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) were positive for Gastrointestinal parasitic infections. In Cattle Balantidium coli was found highest (20.37 %) and in Buffaloes Buxtonella sulcata was found highest (8.82%). the highest incidence was recorded during august for both cattle (6.48 %) and buffalo (7.35 %). Gastrointestinalparasitic infections in claves (< 12 Months) was higher than older (> 60 Months) and adult animals (12-60 Months). Season wise gastrointestinal parasitic infections in cattle were reported maximum (23.15 %) during monsoon. Maximum prevalence in buffalo was reported during Monsoon (16.18 %). similarly, females recorded higher infection rates than malesfor both cattle and buffalo.

scholarly journals Presence of endoparasites in the Greek buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) from Northern Greece

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 999 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. FOUNTA ◽  
E. PAPADOPOULOS ◽  
S. CHLIOUNAKIS ◽  
V. A. BAMPIDIS ◽  
M. PAPAZAHARIADOU
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Toxocara Vitulorum ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Paramphistomum Cervi ◽  
Lake Kerkini

This study was conducted in order to determine the presence of parasitic infections of the Greek buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in the Prefecture of Serres, Northern Greece. During the period from February to October 2014, faecal samples from 110 buffaloes of the Greek buffalo breed (Bubalus bubalis), from 9 farms located in proximity to Lake Kerkini, in the Prefecture of Serres, Northern Greece, were examined, in order to find reproductive elements of parasites. Out of 110 faecal samples examined, 102 (92.73%) were found infected with reproductive elements (eggs, larvae, cysts and oocysts) of parasites. Specifically, the parasites found were: Eimeria spp. (40%), Entamoeba bovis (16.36%), Paramphistomum cervi (10%), Fasciola hepatica (16.36%), Dicrocoelium dendriticum (28.18%), Moniezia benedeni (27.27%), Toxocara vitulorum (11.82%), Strongylida (gastrointestinal nematodes) (31.82%) and lungworms (28.18%). The present study appears to be the first report of the detection of lungworms in buffaloes, in Greece.

scholarly journals Infection of gastrointestinal parasites among slaughtered cattle (Bos taurus) in Modern Abattoir, Minna, Niger State

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
S. S. Eke ◽  
◽  
I. K. Kamaldeen ◽  
I. C. J. Omalu ◽  
F. A. Nwokocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
The One ◽  
Fasciola Spp

Livestock and their products are the major source of animal protein. They also play a crucial role in the economy of most nations including Nigeria. In Nigeria, animals are mostly managed by extensive system and this predisposes them to gastrointestinal parasites. This study is aimed at determining the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of cattle slaughtered in Minna Abattoir. A total of two hundred and seventeen (217) faecal samples were collected and analyzed for the presence of gastrointestinal parasites using saturated sodium chloride flotation and sedimentation techniques. An overall prevalence rate of 169 (77.88%) of gastrointestinal parasites were recorded. Among the selected cattle breeds sampled, a prevalence rate of 114 (67.45%) for white Fulani, 30 (17.75%) for Sokoto Gudali and 25 (14.79%) for red Bororo were obtained. Seven (7) gastrointestinal parasites detected were Strongyloides spp, Trichuris spp, Haemonchus spp, Eimeria spp, Taenia spp, Moniezia spp and Fasciola spp. Haemonchus spp had the highest rate of infection 69 (40.82%) followed by Strongyloides spp 22 (13.04%) while the one with the least prevalence was Eimeria spp 12 (7.10%). It was observed that female ruminants were more infected (53.84%) than their male counterpart (46.15%). The older also had higher infection rate (50.29%) than the younger ones (49.72%). There was no significant difference (p>0.05) on the infection rate in relation to gender and age. It is paramount to use appropriate management systems and rational use of drugs to solve this health problem

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal parasite infections in fighting bulls in South Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1544-1548
Author(s):  
Domechai Kaewnoi ◽  
Ratchakul Wiriyaprom ◽  
Saowakon Indoung ◽  
Ruttayaporn Ngasaman
Keyword(s):  
Health Management ◽  
Parasite Infection ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Chemical Agent ◽  
Concentration Method ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Prince Of Songkla University ◽  
Parasite Infections ◽  
Zoonotic Parasites ◽  
Fasciola Spp

Background and Aim: Bullfighting is booming in South Thailand, attracting tourists, and stimulating local economies. The bulls are well raised and practiced, but in many cases, the owners lack knowledge and understanding of the prevention of animal diseases, including parasitic infections. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasite infection in fighting bulls. Materials and Methods: A total of 1501 fecal samples were collected from bulls aged 2-5 years visiting the animal hospital of Prince of Songkla University during 2016-2019. The formalin ethylether concentration method was used to detect GI parasites in feces. Results: The overall rate of GI parasite infection was 94.27%. Rumen fluke eggs were detected in 97.17% of all infected animals, followed in prevalence by strongyles (26.29%), Eurytrema spp. (2.83%), Fasciola spp. (2.47%), Trichuris spp. (0.35%), and Moniezia spp. (0.14%). Two protozoan genera were identified, Balantidium coli (6.64%) and Eimeria spp. (3.53%). Coinfection was observed in 33.99%. The five most common coinfections were rumen fluke with strongyles (20.85%), B. coli (4.66%), Eimeria spp. (1.55%), Eurytrema spp. (1.34%), and Fasciola spp. (1.06%). Conclusion: In addition to high GI parasite infection rates, zoonotic parasites were observed. Therefore, it is recommended that farmers should follow good sanitation and prevention practices to control parasitic infections in bulls, and proper hygienic precautions should be taken by the owners. Implementation of deworming programs using appropriate anthelmintic drugs as well as rotation of anthelmintic drug that have different chemical agent to prevent further drug resistance should be considered. The promotion of bull health management is highly recommended to protect humans from zoonotic diseases.

scholarly journals Concurrent Infection of Gastro-intestinal Parasites and Bacteria Associated With Diarrhoea in Calves

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
MA Samad ◽  
KMM Hossain ◽  
MA Islam ◽  
S Saha
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Concurrent Infection ◽  
Veterinary Clinic ◽  
Toxocara Vitulorum ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Concurrent Infections

Bacterio-parasitological examination of faecal samples of randomly selected 100 diarrhoeic calves aged between 10 to 180 days, were carried out to determine the parasites and bacteria associated with diarrhea in calves. These calves (either sexes and both local & cross-bred) were brought for treatment at the Bangladesh Agricultural University Veterinary Clinic, Mymensingh during the two years period from June 1999 to May 2001. Of the 100 faecal samples examined, of which 67% calves affected with different parasites and 98% with different bacteria. Of the 67 and 98 calves affected with parasites and bacteria, of which 65.67% and 61.22% had single, 29.85% and 37.76% had dual and only 3.33% and 1.02% had triple concurrent infection, respectively. Analysis of the results of bacterio-parasitic enteropathogens of 100 calves revealed that highest percentage (66%) calves were infected with concurrent parasitic and bacterial infection, followed by 18% with single bacteria, 14% with concurrent bacteria, and only 1% with concurrent parasitic infection but the faecal sample of one diarrhoeic calf showed negative for both bacteria and parasitic infections. Highest rate of gastro-intestinal nematodes (GIN) infection (48%) was recorded in calves, followed by Eimeria spp. (27%), Toxocara vitulorum (14%) and lowest (1%) with each of the Strongyloides, Paramphistomum and Moniezia sp. The clinical T. vitulorum infection was first recorded at the age of 15 days, GIN at 30 days, Strongyloides at 45 days, Paramphistomum at 150 days and Eimeria infection at 25 days. Similarly, the rate of Bacillus infection (87%) was found highest, followed by E. coli  (37%), Staphylococcus (9 %) and lowest of Salmonella (5%) infection. Although the Bacillus and E. coli recorded first time at the 10 days and Staphylococcus at 30 days age of calves but Salmonella was recorded at the age of 60 days. A characteristic age specific prevalence of both parasite and bacterial enteropathogens was observed. It may be concluded from this study that concurrent infections with parasites or bacteria or both are mainly associated with diarrhea in calves. Key words: Concurrent infection; GI parasites; bacteria; diarrhea; calves doi: 10.3329/bjvm.v2i1.1935 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2004). 2 (1) : 49-54 

Screening of Actinomycetes For α-amylase Inhibitors Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Shivabai Chandwad ◽  
Sudhakar Gutte
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Spectroscopic Method ◽  
Solid Material ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Diabetic Treatment ◽  
Amylase Inhibitors

Background:Diabetes mellitus is the most common and fastest growing disease in the world. One of the therapies to treat diabetes is the inhibition of α-amylase activity by inhibitors from microbial and plant source. Actinomycetes are potential sources of enzyme inhibitors, drugs, amino acids, vitamins etc.Objective:Our work mainly highlights the isolation of actinomycetes from soil samples of different habitats and screening of α -amylase inhibitors.Methods:Actinomycetes were isolated from soil samples of different habitats by different methods; these include a variety of pre-treatment of soil samples in combination with an appropriate supplement medium with selective antibacterial agents. Isolated actinomycetes grown in fermentation condition and metabolites were extracted with Isopropyl alcohol and concentrated to obtain solid material. The extract of each isolate was tested for α -amylase inhibition using starch Iodine plate method and DNS- spectroscopic method.Results:Total 110 actinomycetes strains were isolated from various sources. Among 110 extracts of actinomycetes, eight extracts have shown positive results for α-amylase inhibition in starch Iodine plate assay method. Extracts selected from primary results were used for the confirmation of inhibitory activity using DNS- spectroscopic method. Out of eight extracts, six extracts showed Porcine pancreatic α -amylase inhibitory activity ranging from 40-86%. The actinomycetes strains that produce α -amylase inhibitory activity are A-24, A-29, B-5, B-18, C-15 and D-24.Conclusion:These results show that actinomycetes are a potential source for α -amylase inhibitors, which may lead to valuable novel drugs for diabetic treatment.

scholarly journals Trace elements in aerial parts and rhizosphere of Thymus pannonicus All.

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 616-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Arsenijević ◽  
Slavica Ražić ◽  
Zoran Maksimović ◽  
Svetlana Đogo
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Flameless Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Zinc Levels

AbstractThis paper brings out the results of the study on the levels of selected trace elements (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cr) in aerial parts of Thymus pannonicus All. (Lamiaceae) and rhizosphere soil from twelve locations in Serbia. Prior to assays by flame and flameless atomic absorption spectrometry, samples were subjected to microwave-assisted acid digestion. Real and potential acidity of soil samples were also measured. Obtained results for soil samples, although slightly higher for some elements (Cu: 12.38–45.18 mg/kg; Fe: 22102–46193 mg/kg; Mn: 776.95–4901.27 mg/kg; Zn: 62.27–214.02 mg/kg; Cr: 48.86–69.13 mg/kg), were found to fit into biogeochemical background. Element contents in plant samples differed depending on collecting site (Cu: 5.26–14.07 mg/kg; Fe: 25.92–1454.07 mg/kg; Mn: 89.29–278.25 mg/kg; Zn: 1.81–10.64 mg/kg; Cr: 1.11–3.51 mg/kg), which can be partly explainable by different nutrient availability influenced by soil acidity. Zinc levels in T. pannonicus were below expected and seem to be strongly influenced by plant physiological properties.

Hydrochemistry and carbonate sediment characterisation of Bacalar Lagoon, Mexican Caribbean

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidia I. Tobón Velázquez ◽  
Mario Rebolledo Vieyra ◽  
Adina Paytan ◽  
Kyle H. Broach ◽  
Laura M. Hernández Terrones
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Mexican Caribbean ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Geochemical Analyses ◽  
Changes Over Time

The aim of the study is to determine the distribution of trace and major elements in the water and in the sediments of the south part of the Bacalar Lagoon and to identify the sources of the trace elements and their changes over time. The western part of the lagoon water column is characterised by high concentrations of Ca2+, HCO3– and Sr2+, derived from groundwater input. In contrast, the eastern part of the lagoon is characterised by high concentrations of Mg2+, Na+ and Cl–. The lagoon is not affected by present-day seawater intrusion. Water column and sediment geochemical analyses performed in Bacalar Lagoon show clear spatial distribution of different parameters. The saturation index of the water column indicates three main groups: (1) a zone oversaturated with regard to aragonite, calcite and dolomite; (2) an undersaturated area where all three minerals are dissolving; and (3) an area with calcite equilibrium and undersaturation with regard to the other minerals. Herein we present the first measurements of trace element (Ba2+, Mn2+, K+, Ni2+, Zn2+) concentrations in carbonates obtained from sediments in Bacalar Lagoon. In order to evaluate whether the trace elements are derived from natural or anthropogenic sources, four pollution indices were calculated. The results confirmed that Bacalar Lagoon sediments are not contaminated with Ni2+, K+, Mn2+ and Ba2+, and that the Zn2+ seems to have a predominantly anthropogenic origin.

Determination of 22 trace elements in high-purity copper including Se and Te by ETV-ICP OES using SF6, NF3, CF4and H2as chemical modifiers

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 642-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hassler ◽  
R. Matschat ◽  
S. Richter ◽  
P. Barth ◽  
A. K. Detcheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Chemical Modifiers ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Purity Copper

Experiments with SF6, NF3, CF4and H2as new modifier gases for the matrix studied were performed. Pre-treatment steps of sub-samples (e.g., roasting) can now be omitted; the scope of application was enlarged to Au and hydride forming elements (such as Se, Te).

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