scholarly journals Histologis Perkembangan Embrio Ayam pada Masa Inkubasi Satu sampai Tujuh Hari

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitriani Fitriani ◽  
Husmimi Husmimi ◽  
Dian Masyitha ◽  
Muslim Akmal
Keyword(s):  
Chicken Embryo ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
General Description ◽  
Specific Data ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
Histological Method ◽  
Structure Description ◽  
Basic Reference

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat perkembangan embrio ayam secara histologi pada waktu 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, dan 7 hari inkubasi. Sampel yang digunakan adalah telur fertil yang didapat dari teaching farm Fakultas Pertanian Jurusan Peternakan Universitas Syiah Kuala. Pengamatan secara makroskopis dilakukan pada setiap sampel embrio ayam, sementara pengamatan mikroskopis struktur embrio ayam dilakukan dengan pembuatan preparat histologi. Hasil penelitian ini menampilkan data perkembangan embrio ayam secara spesifik dari umur inkubasi hari ke-1 sampai hari ke-7. Secara makroskopik dan mikroskopis, gambaran umum perkembangan embrio ayam selaras dengan informasi tabel pertumbuhan embrio ayam. Secara histologis, gambaran perkembangan struktur embrio ayam baru dapat diamati dengan baik yaitu pada umur inkubasi hari ke-3 sampai hari ke-7. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara histologi perkembangan embrio ayam baru dapat diamati pada masa inkubasi hari ke-3. Penelitian ini juga dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan acuan dasar untuk penelitian lanjutan terutama terhadap organogenesis pada embrio ayam.  (Histological evaluation on the development of chicken embryo during the incubation periodfrom 1st to 7th days) ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to find out the development of chicken embryos at day 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 7th of incubation by histological method. The samples used were the fertile eggs obtained from the teaching farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Husbandry, Syiah Kuala University. Macroscopic observations were made on each embryos sample, while microscopic observations of the embryos structure were carried out by histological preparations procedure. The results of this study presented the specific data of chicken embryos development from day 1st to day 7th of incubation. The macroscopic and microscopic data showed the general description of chicken embryos development similar to the information on the chicken embryo growth table. The microscopic results showed the structure description of the chicken embryos can be well observed at day 3rd to the day 7th of incubation. It can be seen the development of chicken embryos can be observed by histology method on day 3rd of incubation. This research can also be used as a basic reference for further research, especially on organogenesis of chicken embryos.

scholarly journals The Sexual Effect of Chicken Embryos on the Yolk Metabolites and Liver Lipid Metabolism

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Peng Ding ◽  
Yueyue Tong ◽  
Shu Wu ◽  
Xin Yin ◽  
Huichao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Chicken Embryo ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Embryonic Stage ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Late Embryonic Stage ◽  
Female Chicken

The metabolic processes of animals are usually affected by sex. Egg yolk is the major nutrient utilized for the growth and development of a chicken embryo. In this study, we explored the differences of yolk metabolites in male and female chicken embryos by LC–MS/MS. Furthermore, we investigated the mRNA expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) in chicken embryo liver with different sexes in different embryonic stages. The results showed that the nutrient metabolites in the yolk of female chickens were mainly related to lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism in the early embryonic stage, and vitamin metabolism in the late embryonic stage. The male yolk metabolites were mainly associated with lipid metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism in the early developmental stage, and amino acids metabolism in the late embryonic stage. There was no significant difference in the expression of LPL or FAS in livers of male and female chicken embryos at different embryonic stages. Our results may lead to a better understanding of the sexual effect on yolk nutrient metabolism during chicken embryonic development.

scholarly journals Histological evaluation of immune organs in chicken embryos inoculated with Marek’s disease virus and lymphokines

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireya Ortiz ◽  
V. M. Petrone ◽  
G. Téllez ◽  
T. Fehérvári
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence of lymphocytes and granulocytes in different stages of embryonic development and on the first posthatching day. The lymphocytes present in the bursa of Fabricius and thymus were evaluated by histological analysis of the yolk sac, bursa of Fabricius, thymus, liver and bone marrow of 100 chicken embryos divided into groups and treated with: (I) Marek’s disease vaccine as viral antigen, (II) Marek’s disease vaccine plus lymphokines, (III) lymphokines, and (IV) vaccine diluent. Group V was not treated. Samples were taken on days 14, 17 and 20 of incubation and on the first posthatching day. An increase in the number of epithelial matrix as precursors of lymphoid follicles was observed in the bursa of Fabricius of embryos inoculated with lymphokines compared to embryos in all the other groups (p < 0.05). In addition, a higher amount of granulocytes was found in the yolk sac and liver of embryos inoculated with lymphokines than in the embryos of all other groups (p < 0.05). In the bone marrow, no significant difference was observed among the treated groups concerning the amount of granulocytes. The results suggest that administration of antigens or protein molecules at an early stage of embryonic development increases the presence of granulocytes in the liver and granulopoiesis in the yolk sac, and also increases the number of epithelial matrixs in the bursa of Fabricius.

scholarly journals Characterization of Puncture Forces for Retinal Vein Cannulation

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olgaç Ergeneman ◽  
Juho Pokki ◽  
Vanda Počepcová ◽  
Heike Hall ◽  
Jake J. Abbott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chicken Embryo ◽  
Vessel Size ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
Vein Cannulation ◽  
Puncture Force ◽  
Force Data

For this study, we have collected puncture force data from the vasculature of the chorioallantoic membranes (CAM) of developing chicken embryos to examine forces required for retinal vein cannulation. The CAM vessels of a developing chicken embryo have been shown to be an appropriate model for human retinal veins. The effect of microneedle geometry and vessel size on puncture forces was investigated. The results of this work are important for researchers working on robotic vitreoretinal surgical systems.

Comparison of anterior-posterior development in the porcine versus chicken embryo, using goosecoid expression as a marker

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge A. van de Pavert ◽  
Henk Schipper ◽  
Agnes A. C. de Wit ◽  
Nicoline M. Soede ◽  
Rob van den Hurk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chicken Embryo ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Early Embryo Development ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
Nodal Region ◽  
Embryonic Polarity ◽  
Gut Endoderm ◽  
Anterior Posterior

During early embryonic development, pig and chicken embryos share striking morphological similarities. In the present study, the timing and location of expression of mRNA for goosecoid (gsc), a gene classically expressed in the nodal region of developing embryos, was examined and compared in preprimitive streak and gastrulating pig and chicken embryos. The expression of gsc appeared first in the hypoblast and second in the hypoblast of pig and chicken embryos. Because gsc expression in these tissues was not symmetrical, gsc appears to be a useful marker for the onset of embryonic polarity. During gastrulation in both species, gsc expression became confined to cells in and around the node, in the epiblast and mesoderm layers. The only significant species-related difference in the distribution of gsc expression at these stages of development was the presence of gsc expression in the gut endoderm of chicken but not pig embryos. Certainly, our results suggest that the molecular mechanisms that control anterior–posterior development in different classes of vertebrates are remarkably similar. In addition, we were able to demonstrate that the pattern of gsc expression appears to provide a more sensitive and accurate means of determining the developmental stage of early porcine embryos than the more commonly used trophoblast or embryoblast size. Using gsc expression and accompanying embryo morphometric changes, we were able to develop a four-point scale that may offer a more accurate means of quantifying early embryo development in pigs.

scholarly journals Detection of avian reoviruses in wild birds in Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Styś-Fijoł ◽  
Wojciech Kozdruń ◽  
Hanna Czekaj
Keyword(s):  
Chicken Embryo ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Mute Swan ◽  
Avian Reovirus ◽  
Agar Gel ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Avian Reoviruses ◽  
S4 Segment

AbstractIntroduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence of avian reovirus (ARV) infections in wild birds in Poland and attempt to propagate the selected ARV strains in chicken embryo kidney (CEK) cells or chicken SPF embryos. Material and Methods: The study included 192 wild birds representing 32 species, collected between 2014 and 2016. A part of the S4 segment encoding the σNS protein of avian reoviruses (ARVs) isolated from different species of wild birds from that period was amplified. Results: The presence of ARV was demonstrated in 58 (30.2%) wild birds belonging to nine orders. The isolated strains were propagated in chicken embryos by yolk sac inoculation, and CPE was induced in the infected CEK monolayer. Agar gel precipitation showed that two ARV isolates from rock pigeon and mute swan shared a common groupspecific antigen with chicken reovirus S1133. Specific products of predicted size were found in two ARV isolates from the chicken embryo passage and 13 ARVs isolated from CEK cells. Conclusion: The study indicates the high prevalence of ARV among wild birds in Poland and its possible transmission to farmed birds.

Eimeria acervulina and E. mivati: oocysts, life-cycle and ability to develop in the chicken embryo

Parasitology ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Norton ◽  
L. P. Joyner
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Chicken Embryo ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Patent Period ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
Eimeria Acervulina ◽  
Complete Development

SUMMARYThree strains of Eimeria acervulina and 3 strains of E. mivati were compared. E. acervulina was characterized by the ovoidal shape of its oocysts and their rapid sporulation, small first-generation schizonts containing few merozoites, and its inability to complete development in the chorio-allantois of chicken embryos. E. mivati had more rounded oocysts with a Longer sporulation time, larger first-generation schizonts containing twice as many merozoites and it developed readily in the chorio-allantois. Pre-patent periods were variable but generally shorter with E. acervulina. A strain of E. mivati attenuated by repeated embryo passage showed a reduced pre-patent period.

scholarly journals Teratogenic of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-P-Dioxin (TCDD) on Eye Diameters and Body Weight in Chicken Embryo

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aviv Firdaus ◽  
Herlina Pratiwi ◽  
Ani Setianingrum ◽  
Gegana Wimaldy Airlangga
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Chicken Embryo ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Endocrine Effects ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Tetrachlorodibenzo P Dioxin

2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a chemical compound resulting from the burning effect that is very dangerous for humans, plants, or animals which can cause skin damage, immunotoxic, hepatotoxic, carcinogenic, teratogenic, effects on reproduction, growth processes, neurobehavioral, and endocrine effects that are specific In addition, this compound can also reduce embryo weight and increase embryo mortality. This study aimed to determine the teratogenic of TCDD administration on eye diameters and body weight of chicken embryo. In this study there were 2 treatment groups, i.e: 1) P1 as a normal group without the addition of TCDD, and 2) P2 as a group with the addition of TCDD of 5 ng / egg with dissolved in 5 µL corn oil. The treatment was carried out for 7 days. The measurement data of eye diameters and body weight of chicken embryo were analyzed by the unpaired sample T test. The analysis showed that the teratogenic of TCDD had a significant effect on eye diameters and body weight of chicken embryos, where the teratogenic of TCDD caused a decrease in eye diameters and body weight loss in chicken embryos.

The minor haemoglobins of primitive and definitive erythrocytes of the chicken embryo. Evidence for haemoglobin L

Development ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Cirotto ◽  
F. Panara ◽  
I. Arangi
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Chicken Embryo ◽  
Tryptic Peptide ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
Early Embryos ◽  
Peptide Maps ◽  
Late Embryo

A new minor haemoglobin, L, was isolated from the haemolysates of chicken embryos more than 7 days old. Electrophoresis in denaturing conditions and tryptic peptide maps of the globins show that the beta-like globin of HbL is identical to that of the minor haemoglobin H(beta H) while the alpha-like globin is very similar to that of the adult haemoglobin D (alpha D). HbL completes the description of the map of the minor chicken haemoglobins during embryonic development. In early embryos two minor haemoglobins, M and E, are produced which have the same beta-like globin (epsilon) and differ in their alpha-like globins (alpha D and alpha A, respectively). The same two alpha-like globins will make up the minor haemoglobins of the late embryo, L and H, which differ from HbM and HbE on account of their beta-like globin (beta H). The native tetramers L and M are hard to distinguish from each other. However the constituent epsilon globin can be easily separated from beta H by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel in formic acid. With this method we found that the switch of the minor haemoglobins in the blood of chicken embryos starts at the 7th incubation day. The two red cell populations, primitive and definitive, present in the blood of 7-day-old embryos were separated on an albumin gradient and their minor haemoglobins analysed. The haemoglobin couple M/E was found in the primitive erythroid cells whereas the L/H couple was found in the definitive ones. The disappearance of the early haemoglobin couple and its substitution by the late one during embryonic development correlates with the replacement of erythroid lines in the blood.

scholarly journals Differential expression of genes for aromatase and estrogen receptor during the gonadal development in chicken embryos

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Nakabayashi ◽  
H Kikuchi ◽  
T Kikuchi ◽  
S Mizuno
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Chicken Embryo ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Gene ◽  
Male Embryo ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Right

In birds, differentiation of embryonic gonads is not as strictly determined by the genetic sex as it is in mammals, and can be influenced by early manipulation with a sex steroid hormone. Thus administration of an aromatase inhibitor induces testis development in the genetic female, and administration of estrogen induces a left ovotestis in the genetic male embryo. Another feature of avian gonadogenesis is that only the left ovary develops in most species. Molecular mechanisms underlying these features at the level of gene expression have not been elucidated. In this paper, we present evidence that a gene for aromatase cytochrome P-450, an enzyme required for the last step in the synthesis of estradiol-17beta, is expressed in medullae of the left and right gonads of a female chicken embryo, but not in those of a male chicken embryo, and that an estrogen receptor gene is expressed only in epithelium (and cortex later, in the female) of the left, not the right, gonad of both sexes, but the expression in the male left gonad is temporary and restricted to an early stage of development. Differential expression of these two genes serves well to explain the above features of gonadal development in birds. Furthermore, in ovo administration of estradiol-17beta from the 5th to the 14th day of incubation does not cause expression of the estrogen receptor gene in the right gonad of chicken embryos of either sex, suggesting that the absence of expression of the estrogen receptor gene in the right gonad is not the result of down-regulation, but may be regarded as an important cause of the unilateral ovarian development.

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