scholarly journals Nutritional supplementation with non-conventional food resources and its effect on the productive parameters in rabbits

ENTRAMADO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 262-270
Author(s):  
Karen Gisela Sánchez-Bustos ◽  
Natalia Escobar-Escobar ◽  
Sandra Marcela Castro-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Rural Families ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Family Farming ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
R Program ◽  
Multiple Comparison Test ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Variance Homogeneity

The effect of diets with nonconventional forage resources, balu (Erythrina edulis) and giant taro (Alocasia macrorrhiza) was evaluated, on production parameters of New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) under family farming production, in Silvania (Cundinamarca, Colombia). 36 weaned rabbits of 35 days old were used. They were distributed in 4 treatments (substitution of commercial pellets by giant taro leaves flour 25% (Giant taro), balu 25% (Balu); their mixture, giant taro 12.5% and balu 12.5% (GB), and a control with commercial pellets) with three repetitions each. Variables evaluated: initial weight at 35 days old, daily weight gain, consumption, feed conversion and final weight at 85 days old, carcass yield, haunch, loin and meat.  Data was analyzed by Tukey multiple comparison test at 5% significance level, variance homogeneity and error independence verified by means of Shapiro-Wilks, Levene and Durbin-Watson tests, respectively, by R program. No significant differences were found in the final weight, on weeks 5 and 6, which registered significant differences (p<0.05), for giant taro (1771.85±88.21 AB), control (1933.06±88.20 B), giant taro (1935.05±91.26 AB), control (2144.42±91.26 B) respectively.  Daily weight gain showed significant differences (p<0.05) at week 5 for giant taro (33.56±2.82 AB); control (.37±2.825 B). Significant differences were showed by most zootechnical variables (p<0.05). The results showed that diets with nonconventional forage resources (balu and giant taro) are a viable alternative for animal feeding, due to their high nutritional content and as a by-product of commercial interest for rural families in areas of the middle Colombian tropics.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF BROILER BREEDER EGG WEIGHTS ON HATCHING AND POST-HATCH PERFORMANCES IN MARSHAL BREED

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
O. O. KEHINDE ◽  
O. J. AWOYOMI ◽  
B. K. LAMIDI ◽  
F. A. BALOGUN ◽  
M. O. OLUFEHINTI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Breeder ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Parent Stock ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
Hatching Eggs ◽  
The Cost

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of different Marshal breed broiler on hatching egg weights on hatching characteristics and post-hatch performances; and also to compare the cost of production of hatchlings to table size. A total of 900 hatching eggs (HE) from 40 weeks old parent stock were sorted, graded and purposively grouped on weight basis into small (<50g), medium (50-65g) and large (>65g) sizes (3 groups). Each group was allotted 300 eggs and replicated thrice, with each replicate having 100 eggs in a complete randomised design before incubation for 21 days. Candling of incubated eggs was done on day 18 on group basis and numbers of fertile eggs noted. The chicks were individually weighed and counted to determine hatchability, hatchling weight and cost of production. Thereafter, hatched chicks were allotted into the respective groups and replicated to determine the post-hatch performance. Each replicate has 45 chicks, intensively raised and were fed ad libitum with broiler starter mash for the first 4 weeks of life and broiler finisher mash from 4-8 weeks. Data generated include feed intake, final weight, mortality; weight gain, feed conversion ratio and unit cost of production of chicken were calculated. The data were analyzed by GLM of SAS and Duncan’s multiple-range test was used to separate significance of differences among treatment means at 5% significance level. The medium HE had the best fertility (93.00%), hatchability (95.67%) and cost of producing a chick (N 90.07) when compared with the small and large HEs. The large HE has the best results in terms of, final weight and weight gain, while medium HE has the best FCR, lowest mortality and least cost of production, which are significant at p< 0.05. It is therefore recommended poultry breeders and hatchery operators should consider the use of medium weight (50-65g) HEs in their operations, so as to cut down the production cost.    

scholarly journals Efficacy of Ocimum gratissimum leaf meal on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and blood profiles of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-143
Author(s):  
C. A. Essien ◽  
◽  
V. S. Udoh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Blood Profiles

This study was conducted to determine the effect of Ocimum gratissimum as a phytogenic feed additive (PFA) on growth performance, carcass, and blood profile of broiler chicken. One hundred and sixty day old broiler chickens were used for the study. Four diets were formulated to incorporate Ocimum gratissimum at 0, 50, 100 and 150 g per 100 kg of feed to form T1, T2, T3, and T4 respectively. The birds were divided into four groups of forty birds and each group was assigned one of the diets in a completely randomized design. Each group was further divided into four replicates of 10 birds each. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum and data collected were statistically analyzed. The result obtained showed significant (p<0.05) differences in the final weight gain (FWG), daily weight gain (DWG) and feed conversion ratio both at the starter and finisher phases. T4 had the highest significant (p<0.05) final weight gain (FWG), and daily weight gain (DWG) values. The lowest significant (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) values were observed in T4. The feed intake of the birds was statistically similar (p>0.05) at both the starter and the finisher phases. Significant (p<0.05) increases were observed in dressed weight, dressing percentage, and cut-up parts (wing, thigh, drumstick, and breast) of the birds. T4 had the highest significant values for the carcass parameters. The haematological parameters analyzed showed significant (p<0.05) differences in the value for red blood cell (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV) values with T4 recording the highest significant (p<0.05) values for those parameters. All the serum biochemical parameters analyzed were not significantly affected (p>0.05) by the treatments. It can be concluded that Ocimum gratissimum could be added to broiler diet at 150 g/100kg as feed additive without any deleterious effect on the growth performance, carcass, and blood profiles of the birds.

scholarly journals Cost-Effectiveness of Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal as Substitute of Fishmeal in Diets for Layer Chicks and Growers

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6074
Author(s):  
Esther Khayanga Sumbule ◽  
Mary Kivali Ambula ◽  
Isaac Maina Osuga ◽  
Janice Ghemoh Changeh ◽  
David Miano Mwangi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Black Soldier Fly Larvae ◽  
Fly Larvae ◽  
The Impact

The acceptance of eco-friendly black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) as sustainable alternative protein ingredient in poultry feeds continues to gain momentum worldwide. This study evaluates the impact of BSFLM in layer chick and grower diets on the growth, carcass quality and economic returns. Mean weekly weight gain and total live weight per chick and grower varied significantly. The highest final weight gain was achieved when birds were provided diet with 25.6% BSFLM. Average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily weight gain (ADG) and overall weight gain of the chick varied significantly, except for the feed conversion ratio (FCR). For grower birds, ADFI, ADG, FCR and overall weight gain did not vary significantly across the various feeding regimes. The weight of the wings and drumsticks had a quadratic response with a maximum weight obtained at 33% inclusion of BSFLM. The weight of the internal organs were not significantly affected by dietary types. Positive cost–benefit ratio and return on investment was recorded for diet types with higher BSFLM inclusion levels (>75%). Diets with 25% and 100% BSFLM inclusion were the most suitable and cost-effective, respectively. Thus, BSFLM represents a promising alternative source of protein that could be sustainably used in the poultry industries.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Additives on Rabbit Performance, Carcass Traits and Some Blood Constituents under Egyptation Summer Season

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Sara Khalil Sherif
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Blood Constituents

Sixty 7-week-old New Zealand White rabbits were randomly distributed into 5 equal experimental groups. The experimental rabbits were fed the tested diets till 14 weeks of age during summer season. The basal diet without feed additives (control; T1) and the other experimental diets were supplemented with enzymes at 0.5 g/kg (T2), organic acids at 1.0 g/kg (T3), Beta-pro at 0.2 g/kg (T4) or their combination (T5). The criteria of response were body weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, some blood constituents, carcass traits and economic efficiency. The obtained results can be summarized as follows: Positive effects of feed additives were observed on live body weight, daily weight gain and feed conversion of growing rabbits. There were no significant effects on blood parameters or carcass traits due to feed additives. It can be concluded that dietary Beta-pro (enzymes+probiotics) or a combination of enzymes, organic acids and Beta-pro at the tested levels can be used to improve the rabbit performance, with no adverse effects on carcass characteristics or blood parameters.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE UTILIZATION OF COOKED SOYBEANS AND FISHMEAL-GROUNDNUT CAKE MIXTURE IN DIETS

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-149
Author(s):  
J. A. Agunbiade ◽  
A. B. Odufuwa
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Groundnut Cake ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Methionine Supplementation ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A 4 week experiment involving 45 growing albino rats was carried out to assess the nutritional utilization of cooked full-fat soybean (CFFS) as a major source of dietary protein relative to that of the protein concentrates fishmeal-groundnut cake mixture and the response to supplementation of the cooked soybeans with 2g DL-methionine/kg diet and/or 2g L-lysine/kg diet. Feed intake (FI), average daily weight gain (DLG),. feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and feed cost (FC) per unit live-weight gain, (FC/WG) were measured, No significant effect of the various dietary treatments was observed on PER and FCIWG. However, the incorporation of CFFS either alone or in conjunction with either of both lysine and methionine significantly improved Fl and FCR (P< 0.05) and also DLG (P< 0.01) over the control fish-groundnut meal ration. Supplementation of CFFS with lysine either alone or along with methionine appeared unwarranted as methionine supplementation alone resulted in similar or slightly better efficiency of protein (0.247) and overall feed (0.596) utilization. From the results obtained, it appears that maize-based CFFS diet supplemented with 2 g/kg DL-methionine may be applicable for lion- ruminant feeding. However, since this level of methionine supplementation only provides for 67% of rat requirement, it is suggested that further studies with higher methionine levels be conducted.

scholarly journals BIOECONOMICS OF FEEDING RAW OR HEAT TREATED SOYABEANS TO BROILERS4

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-140
Author(s):  
S. N. Ukachukuwu ◽  
F. O. I. Anugwa
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Soyabean Meal ◽  
Food Consumed

The bioeconomics of feeding full-fat raw (RSB), toasted (TSB), cooked (CSB) soyabeans or defatted soyabean meal (SMB) to broiler chicks at starter and finisher phases was investigated using 240 Anak strain broiler chicks. At starter phase RSB diet significantly (P < 0.05) depressed average daily intake (ADI) only when compared with SMB diet. It also significantly (P <0.01) depressed daily weight gain (DWG): with values of RSB (20.1 gin), TSB (241 gm), CSB (24.0gm) and SMB (253 gm) as well as feed conversion ratio of RSB (3.03) TSB (2.63), CSB (2.49) and SMB (2.58). At finisher phase, the effects were not significant (P> .0.05) suggesting adaptation of the chick to RSB with time. SMB diet was almost twice as costly to produce as the other three diets. Cost of feed per unit of weight gained was highest (P < 0.05) with SMB diet followed by RSB diet while CSB and TSB diets were similar at starter phase. At finisher phase SMB diet still had significantly (P < 0.01) higher cost per kg weight gain than the RSB, TSB and CSB diets whose values were statistically the same. On gross margin, the use of SMB diet significantly (P < 0.01) resulted in the lowest values, followed by the RS B diet while the values of CSB and TSB diets remained similar and the highest at both phases. This underlines the importance of using cost of food consumed to obtain a unit of product as a basis for recommending feeds to farmers (alongside other nutritional factors).

scholarly journals Protein phenotypes and productive traits in Landrace, Large White and Duroc swine

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Helena Tagliaro ◽  
Maria Helena Lartigau Pereira Franco ◽  
Werner Meincke ◽  
Gilberto Silva
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Large White ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Productive Traits

Fourteen protein systems coded by 15 structural loci were typed by horizontal electrophoresis to determine possible associations betweem the protein phenotypes and productive traits in Landrace (N=109), Largo White (N= 116) and Duroe (N=57) pigs, reared in Southern Brazil. Signiticant associations between protein phenotypes and production traits were detected. The most consistent interaction were observed between two protein systems (phosphogluconate dehydrogenase - Pgd and Hemopexin -Hpx) and at least one of the four performance variables considered. In Duroc breed, the Pgd phenotypes were associated with daily weight gain (P < 0.01), feed conversion ratio (P < 0.01) and selection index (P < 0.001), while in Landrace significant associations were observed only with feed convertion ratio (P < 0.05). The Hpx phenotypes were associated with daily weight gain (P < 0.05) and backfat thickness (P < 0.05) in Large White and with this last variable (P < 0.01) and selection index (P < 0.05) in Duroc pigs. Since these results had not been reported previously, turther studies are need to confirm these associations.

Effect of processing methods on the nutritional value of Mucuna cochinchinensis to broiler chicks

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Ukachukwu ◽  
F. C. Obioha
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Crude Fibre

The performance and nutrient retention of broilers fed raw (RMD), toasted (TMD), boiled (BMD), soaked and boiled (SMD) or no (NMD) Mucuna cochinchinensis seed diets at both starter and finisher phases were assessed using 400 broiler chicks. The birds were fed a common proprietary feed (Top Feed) until 2 weeks of age, followed by a treatment diet for 3 weeks of the starter period, then 5 weeks on the finisher diet. At the starter phase, RMD significantly (P < 0.05) decreased liveweight, daily weight gain, protein efficiency ratio and encouraged poorer feed conversion ratio and higher cost per kilogram weight gain when compared with other diets. TMD decreased (P < 0.05) only the protein efficiency ratio. RMD also decreased (P < 0.05) retention of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF) and energy while TMD decreased (P < 0.05) retention of only DM, CP, and energy. At the finisher phase, RMD also significantly (P < 0.05) decreased daily weight gain, protein efficiency ratio and feed conversion ratio and increased cost per kg weight gain, while TMD decreased (P < 0.05) only the protein efficiency ratio and feed conversion ratio. RMD again decreased (P < 0.05) retention of DM, CP, CF and energy, while TMD, as in the starter phase, again decreased (P < 0.05) retention of DM, CP and energy. On a cumulative basis, RMD adversely affected (P < 0.05) all the parameters under investigation. TMD affected (P < 0.05) only the feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio and cost per kg weight gain. Boiling Mucuna cochinchinensis, therefore, encourages significantly better performance of chicks, higher nutrient retention and lower cost per kg weight gain than toasting, whereas soaking before boiling does not add any advantage to boiling alone.

Haematology and growth performance characteristics of broiler birds fed abattoir wastes (bovine blood and rumen content)

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
D. N. Onunkwo ◽  
O. A. Ekine
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Rumen Content ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Bovine Blood ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight

This study was conducted to assess the effects of abattoir wastes (bovine blood and rumen content mixture) on the haematology and growth performance characteristics of broiler birds. One hundred and twenty (120) unsexed day old Abor acre broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 4 treatments and replicated 3 times in a completely randomized design (CRD) experiment. Four experimental diets were formulated to meet the nutrient requirement of broilers such that the birds were fed sundried abattoir waste (bovine blood and rumen content mixture) included at 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% representing Diet 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively, with Diet 1 as the control. Each dietary treatment consists of 30 birds with 10 birds per replicate. The experimental diets and clean water were supplied at- libitum throughout the experimental period. Data were collected on feed intake, daily weight gain, final body weight, weight gain. Feed conversion ratios were calculated. Blood samples for hematology was collected, analyzed and recorded. At the end of the 56 days feeding trials, data collected on different parameters were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results showed that mixtures of bovine blood and rumen content significantly (P<0.05) improved the final weight (1767.02g -1931.44g), weight gain (1367.02g -1528.44g), feed intake (107.47g -118.99g) and feed conversion ratio (4.87 – 4.08) of the broilers. Significant (P<0.05) improvements were observed on the RBC, WBC, MCV, MCH, eosinophyls and the lymphocytes of the haematological parameters of the broilers. These results showed the complementary potentials of bovine blood and rumen content mixture in broiler diets, which can be included up to 15% in the ration of broilers without detrimentally affecting the growth performance and haematology of the broilers.

Performance of broiler chickens fed graded dietary inclusion levels of moringa (Moringa oleifera) seed cake

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
M. Afolayan ◽  
M. M. Iliya ◽  
G. S. Bawa ◽  
L. Alayande
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Seed Cake ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The progressive increase in the cost and scarcity of conventional feedstuffs, especially energy and protein sources has resulted into a continuous effort in researching into the possible utilization of the under - exploited wild legumes in poultry feed formulation. Several Researchers had reported on the utilization of Moringa oleifera leaf meal in poultry diets whereas; few reports exist on the utilization of Moringa seed. Therefore, this study wasconducted to evaluate the effect of graded dietary levels of moringa seed cake (MSC) on the performance of broiler chickens. A total of 195, one day old Arbor Acre broiler chicks were randomly assigned into five dietary treatments of moringa seed cake, each treatment having three replicates in a completely randomized design. MSC was included at levels of 0, 5,10, 15 and 20% respectively. Feed and water were given ad- libitum. Proximate composition ofMSC showed that it is high in energy, crude protein and ether extract with3304. 39 ME kcals/ kg, 32.49 % and 17.70%, respectively. Birds fed 5% MSC diet were better than the birds on the other levels of MSC diets in terms of growth and carcass characteristics. The results obtained from growth study revealed a significant declined in, final weight, weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio as the inclusion levels of MSC increased beyond 5% in thediets. The birds on control diet had the best result in terms of final weight , daily weight gain and daily feed intake of 2974g/bird, 52.4g/bird / day and 107.51g/bird/ day respectively followed by those fed diet containing 5% MSC with 2183.4g/bird, 38.24/bird /day and 95.66g/bird /day respectively. whereas, the birds fed 20% MSC had the least (P>0.05) final weight, daily weight gain and daily feed intake of 560 g/bird, 9.26g/bird /day and 33.51g/bird/day respectively. Carcass characteristics followed similar trend as the growth parameters. Hematological indices showed significant differences across the dietary treatments, however, the results were within the normal range except for the white blood cell. It can therefore be, concluded that the inclusion of MSC in broiler chicken diet should not exceed 5% for optimum growth and general performance. 

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