scholarly journals Enhanced Production, Purification and Characterization of Alkaline Keratinase from Streptomyces minutiscleroticus DNA38

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allure Nandini ◽  
D.N. Madhusudhan ◽  
Agsar Dayanand
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Chicken Feathers ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Critical Process ◽  
Central Composite

A thermo tolerant, feather-degrading, newly isolated actinobacterial strain Streptomyces minutiscleroticus DNA38 was investigated for its ability to produce keratinase. Maximum production (283.4 IU) of keratinase by Streptomyces minutiscleroticus DNA38 in starch chicken feathers medium under submerged bioprocess was observed at optimized conditions of pH 9.0 of the medium and 45 °C incubation temperature. Further, an enhanced production (435.8 IU) of keratinase was achieved employing response surface methodology. Combined interactive effect of starch (7.50 g/L), yeast extract (0.74 g/L) and chicken feathers (7.50 g/L) were found to be the critical process variables for enhanced production under central composite design. Chicken feathers showed a direct action and addition of starch and yeast extract to the medium proved effective for a significant increase in the production of keratinase. The purified keratinase was monomeric and had a molecular mass of 29 kDa. The enzyme activity was significantly inhibited after pH 9.0 and temperature 50 °C.

scholarly journals Agave syrup as a substrate for inulinase production by Kluyveromyces marxianus NRRL Y-7571

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Luana Paula de Azevedo de Oliveira ◽  
Tiago Felipe Oliveira ◽  
Jonas Contiero ◽  
Márcia Luciana Cazetta
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Central Composite Design ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Kluyveromyces Marxianus ◽  
Crude Enzyme ◽  
Partial Characterization ◽  
Central Composite ◽  
Optimal Ph

The factorial planning was used to plan and optimize inulinase production by the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus NRRL Y-7571. The experiments were conducted using a Central Composite Design (CCD) 22, at different concentrations of agave syrup (3.6 to 6.4%) and yeast extract (2.2 to 3.0%). After 96 hours of fermentation, the best condition for the inulinase production was 5% agave syrup and 2.5% yeast extract, which yielded an average of 129.21 U mL-1 of inulinase. Partial characterization of the crude enzyme showed that the optimal pH and temperature were 4.0 and 60°C, respectively. The enzyme showed thermal stability at 55°C for 4 hours. 

scholarly journals Production and Cytotoxicity of Extracellular Insoluble and Droplets of Soluble Melanin byStreptomyces lusitanusDMZ-3

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. Madhusudhan ◽  
Bi Bi Zainab Mazhari ◽  
Syed G. Dastager ◽  
Dayanand Agsar
Keyword(s):  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Analysis ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Brine Shrimps ◽  
Tlc Analysis ◽  
First Time ◽  
Central Composite ◽  
Successful Production

AStreptomyces lusitanusDMZ-3 strain with potential to synthesize both insoluble and soluble melanins was detected. Melanins are quite distinguished based on their solubility for varied biotechnological applications. The present investigation reveals the enhanced production of insoluble and soluble melanins in tyrosine medium by a single culture.Streptomyces lusitanusDMZ-3 was characterized by 16S rRNA gene analysis. An enhanced production of 5.29 g/L insoluble melanin was achieved in a submerged bioprocess following response surface methodology. Combined interactive effect of temperature (50°C), pH (8.5), tyrosine (2.0 g/L), and beef extract (0.5 g/L) were found to be critical variables for enhanced production in central composite design analysis. An optimized indigenous slant culture system was an innovative approach for the successful production (264 mg/L) of pure soluble melanin from the droplets formed on the surface of the culture. Both insoluble and soluble melanins were confirmed and characterized by Chemical, reactions, UV, FTIR, and TLC analysis. First time, cytotoxic study of melanin using brine shrimps was reported. Maximum cytotoxic activity of soluble melanin was Lc50-0.40 µg/mL and insoluble melanin was Lc50-0.80 µg/mL.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Operational Parameters on Bio-degradation of Chicken Feathers by Aspergillus niger: Investigation Under Submerged Fermentation Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Faisal Javeed ◽  
Memuna Ghafoor Shahid ◽  
Ali Javed
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Submerged Fermentation ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Fermentation Medium ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Chicken Feathers

Fungal strain, Aspergillus niger (ATCC 1015) has ability to grow on keratinous material therefore, it was selected for the investigating bio-degradation of chicken feathers. Different operational parameters were studied under submerged fermentation process i.e. effect of substrate concentration, effect of pH, effect of incubation temperature, effect of yeast extract concentration and effect of volume of fermentation medium. A. niger was grown on solid medium of malt extract and agar, due to its ability of rapid growth on it. Complete bio-degradation of the substrate was achieved after 5 days (0.70±0.03 U/mL) under standard optimized conditions. Investigation of different operational parameters on bio-degradation of chicken feathers revealed, maximum keratinolytic was observed at 40 °C incubation temperature, at 0.5 g/100 mL of substrate concentration, 8 g/100 mL concentration of yeast extract, at 7 pH of the fermentation medium and at 50 mL volume of fermentation medium. The present study suggests that A. niger could prove to be a potential candidate for production of keratinase and bio-degradation of chicken feathers.  

scholarly journals A study of production, purification and characterization of amylases from Escherichia coli for medical uses

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baydaa Abood Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
High Titer ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate Precipitation ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Sds Page

This study was conducted in the laboratories of Biology Department,facultyofScience,which deal with isolation,purification and characterization ofof amylase by Escherichia coli which carried out for enhanced production of amylase using starch (1%) asthe substrate of enzyme, the production was carried out by submerged fermentation, the best conditions were the isolated ofamylase in synthetic medium, it gave high titer of amylase activity, the ammonium sulfate as nitrogen source, incubation period 48 h, the starch as carbon source,, incubation temperature 30 °C and pH = 7, The enzyme was purified using ammonium sulphate precipitation(60%) anddialysis, the purified amylase had a maximum activity at pH =7,the amylase was stable with pH values ranging between (7 - 8) and in temperature 30 °C also amylase was stable in (30- 40 ) °C analyses of the amylase for molecular weight was carried out by SDS-PAGE electrophoresiswhich revealed 52 KDa.

scholarly journals Bacillus sp. CSK2 produced thermostable alkaline keratinase using agro-wastes: keratinolytic enzyme characterization

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nonso E. Nnolim ◽  
Uchechukwu U. Nwodo
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Catalytic Efficiency ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Enzyme Characterization ◽  
Chicken Feathers ◽  
Laundry Detergents ◽  
Poultry Processing ◽  
Optimized Conditions

Abstract Background Chicken feathers are the most abundant agro-wastes emanating from the poultry processing farms and present major concerns to environmentalists. Bioutilization of intractable feather wastes for the production of critical proteolytic enzymes is highly attractive from both ecological and biotechnological perspectives. Consequently, physicochemical conditions influencing keratinase production by Bacillus sp. CSK2 on chicken feathers formulation was optimized, and the keratinase was characterized. Results The highest enzyme activity of 1539.09 ± 68.14 U/mL was obtained after 48 h of incubation with optimized conditions consisting of chicken feathers (7.5 g/L), maltose (2.0 g/L), initial fermentation pH (5.0), incubation temperature (30 °C), and agitation speed (200 rpm). The keratinase showed optimal catalytic efficiency at pH 8.0 and a temperature range of 60 °C – 80 °C. The keratinase thermostability was remarkable with a half-life of above 120 min at 70 °C. Keratinase catalytic efficiency was halted by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline. However, keratinase activity was enhanced by 2-mercaptoethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, tween-80, but was strongly inhibited by Al3+ and Fe3+. Upon treatment with laundry detergents, the following keratinase residual activities were achieved: 85.19 ± 1.33% (Sunlight), 90.33 ± 5.95% (Surf), 80.16 ± 2.99% (Omo), 99.49 ± 3.11% (Ariel), and 87.19 ± 0.26% (Maq). Conclusion The remarkable stability of the keratinase with an admixture of organic solvents or laundry detergents portends the industrial and biotechnological significance of the biocatalyst.

scholarly journals Use of Wheat Straw for Value-Added Product Xylanase by Penicillium chrysogenum Strain A3 DSM105774

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 696
Author(s):  
Amira A. Matrawy ◽  
Ahmed I. Khalil ◽  
Heba S. Marey ◽  
Amira M. Embaby
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Production Medium ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Initial Ph

The present work highlights the valorization of the bulky recalcitrant lignocellulose byproduct wheat straw (WS) for the enhanced production of value-added xylanase by the locally sourced novel Penicillium chrysogenum strain A3 DSM105774 for the first time. The optimized production of xylanase by submerged state of fermentation of WS was achieved using a three-step statistical and sequential approach: one factor at a time (OFAT), Plackett–Burman design (PBD), and Box Behnken design (BBD). Incubation temperature (30 °C), WS, and ammonium sulphate were the key determinants prompting xylanase production; inferred from OFAT. The WS concentration (%(w/v)), yeast extract concentration (%(w/v)), and initial pH of the production medium imposed significant effects (p ≤ 0.05) on the produced xylanase, realized from PBD. The predicted levels of WS concentration, initial pH of the production medium, and yeast extract concentration provoking the ultimate xylanase levels (53.7 U/mL) with an 8.95-fold enhancement, localized by the estimated ridge of the steepest ascent of the ridge analysis path, were 3.8% (w/v), 5.1, and 0.098% (w/v), respectively; 94.7% lab validation. The current data underpin the up-scaling of xylanase production using this eco-friendly, cheap, and robust methodology for the valorization of WS into the value-added product xylanase.

Enzyme-assisted Extraction for Optimized Recovery of Phenolic Bioactives from Peganum hermala Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-354
Author(s):  
Qadir Rahman ◽  
Anwar Farooq ◽  
Amjad Gilani Mazhar ◽  
Nadeem Yaqoob Muhammad ◽  
Ahmad Mukhtar
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Enzyme Complexes ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Central Composite

This study investigates the effect of enzyme formulations (Zympex-014, Kemzyme dry-plus and Natuzyme) on recovery of phenolics from Peganum hermala (harmal) leaves, under optimized conditions using response surface methodology. As compared to the other enzyme complexes, the yield (34 g/100g) obtained through Zympex-014-assisted extraction was higher under optimized conditions such as time (75 min), temperature (70°C), pH (6.5) and enzyme concentration (5 g/100 g) using central composite design (CCD). Effectiveness of Zympex-014 towards hydrolysis of P. hermala leaves cell wall was examined by analyzing the control and enzyme-treated leave residues using scanning electron microscope (SEM). GC/MS characterization authenticated the presence of quercetin (1.44), gallic acid (0.23), caffeic acid (0.04), cinnamic acid (0.05), m-coumaric acid (0.23) and p-coumaric acid (0.37 μg/g) as the potent phenolics in Zympex-014 based extract. It can be concluded from the findings of the current work that pre-treatment of P. hermala leaves with Zympex-014 significantly enhanced the recovery of phenolics that supports its potential uses in the nutra-pharamaceutical industry.

Fabrication, Optimization and Characterization of Paclitaxel and Spirulina Loaded Nanoparticles for Enhanced Oral Bioavailability

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 723-733
Author(s):  
Keerthi G.S. Nair ◽  
Yamuna Ravikumar ◽  
Sathesh Kumar Sukumaran ◽  
Ramaiyan Velmurugan
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Oral Bioavailability ◽  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
Central Composite Rotatable Design ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Stirring Time ◽  
Nanoparticle Formulation ◽  
Central Composite

Background: Paclitaxel and spirulina when administered as nanoparticles, are potentially useful. Methods: Nanoformualtions of Paclitaxel and Spirulina for gastric cancer were formulated and optimized with Central composite rotatable design (CCRD) using Response surface methodology (RSM). Results: The significant findings were the optimal formulation of polymer concentration 48 mg, surfactant concentration 45% and stirring time of 60 min gave rise to the EE of (98.12 ± 1.3)%, DL of (15.61 ± 1.9)%, mean diameter of (198 ± 4.7) nm. The release of paclitaxel and spirulina from the nanoparticle matrix at pH 6.2 was almost 45% and 80% in 5 h and 120 h, respectively. The oral bioavailability for the paclitaxel spirulina nanoparticles developed is 24.0% at 10 mg/kg paclitaxel dose, which is 10 times of that for oral pure paclitaxel. The results suggest that RSM-CCRD could efficiently be applied for the modeling of nanoparticles. The paclitaxel and spirulina release rate in the tumor cells may be higher than in normal cells. Paclitaxel spirulina nanoparticle formulation may have higher bioavailability and longer sustainable therapeutic time as compared with pure paclitaxel. Conclusion: Paclitaxel-Spirulina co-loaded nanoparticles could be effectively useful in gastric cancer as chemotherapeutic formulation.

Microbial and functional characterization of an allochthonous consortium applied to hydrogen production from Citrus Peel Waste in batch reactor in optimized conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 291 ◽  
pp. 112631
Author(s):  
Franciele Pereira Camargo ◽  
Isabel Kimiko Sakamoto ◽  
Tiago Palladino Delforno ◽  
Mahendra Mariadassou ◽  
Valentin Loux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Citrus Peel ◽  
Optimized Conditions
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