scholarly journals Use of Wheat Straw for Value-Added Product Xylanase by Penicillium chrysogenum Strain A3 DSM105774

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 696
Author(s):  
Amira A. Matrawy ◽  
Ahmed I. Khalil ◽  
Heba S. Marey ◽  
Amira M. Embaby
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Production Medium ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Initial Ph

The present work highlights the valorization of the bulky recalcitrant lignocellulose byproduct wheat straw (WS) for the enhanced production of value-added xylanase by the locally sourced novel Penicillium chrysogenum strain A3 DSM105774 for the first time. The optimized production of xylanase by submerged state of fermentation of WS was achieved using a three-step statistical and sequential approach: one factor at a time (OFAT), Plackett–Burman design (PBD), and Box Behnken design (BBD). Incubation temperature (30 °C), WS, and ammonium sulphate were the key determinants prompting xylanase production; inferred from OFAT. The WS concentration (%(w/v)), yeast extract concentration (%(w/v)), and initial pH of the production medium imposed significant effects (p ≤ 0.05) on the produced xylanase, realized from PBD. The predicted levels of WS concentration, initial pH of the production medium, and yeast extract concentration provoking the ultimate xylanase levels (53.7 U/mL) with an 8.95-fold enhancement, localized by the estimated ridge of the steepest ascent of the ridge analysis path, were 3.8% (w/v), 5.1, and 0.098% (w/v), respectively; 94.7% lab validation. The current data underpin the up-scaling of xylanase production using this eco-friendly, cheap, and robust methodology for the valorization of WS into the value-added product xylanase.

Feather Keratin Hydrolysis by an Aquatic Bacterium Meiothermus I40 from Hot Spring Water

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-Iong Yang ◽  
Jen-Min Kuo ◽  
Wen-Ming Chen ◽  
Huei-Jing Ke ◽  
Yi-Ju Chou
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Fermentation Conditions ◽  
Effective Factors ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Keratin Hydrolysis ◽  
Fermentation Parameters

After undergoing keratinase digestion, feather wastes could have a great potential as a source of proteins and amino acids for many applications. In this study, the fermentation conditions of feather-degrading Meiothermus sp. strain I40 (I40) were optimized to enhance the biodegradation of chicken feather to hydrolysates. Initially, the factors essential for I40 keratinase production in submerged fermentation were screened, whereas response surface methodology (RSM) was then employed to evaluate the interactions among the effective factors. At first stage, eight fermentation parameters were screened using a Plackett-Burman (PB) design. Four effective factors identified by PB screening, namely feather concentration, tryptone concentration, yeast extract concentration, and incubation temperature, were further investigated their effects on keratinase production by RSM using central composite design (CCD). The I40 fermentation conditions for maximal keratinase activity were as follows: tryptone concentration 0.16 percent (w/v), yeast extract concentration 0.27 percent (w/v), feather concentration 0.08 percent (w/v), and incubation temperature at 51.7°C for 72 hr under 120 rev/min shaking. Compared to the initial stage, a 13.3-fold increase in keratinase activity was achieved when I40 incubated in the optimized conditions.

scholarly journals Design and optimization of hydrogen production from hydrothermally pretreated sugarcane bagasse using response surface methodology

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lais Américo Soares ◽  
Juliana Kawanishi Braga ◽  
Fabrício Motteran ◽  
Isabel Kimiko Sakamoto ◽  
Edson Luiz Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
P Value ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Extract Concentration

Hydrogen production from hydrothermally pretreated (200 °C for 10 min at 16 bar) sugarcane bagasse was analyzed using response surface methodology. The yeast extract concentration and the temperature had a significant influence for hydrogen production (p-value 0.027 and 0.009, respectively). Maximum hydrogen production (17.7 mmol/L) was observed with 3 g/L yeast extract at 60 °C (C10). In this conditions were produced acetic acid (50.44 mg/L), butyric acid (209.71 mg/L), ethanol (38.4 mg/L), and methane (6.27 mmol/L). Lower hydrogen productions (3.5 mmol/L and 3.9 mmol/L) were observed under the conditions C7 (2 g/L of yeast extract, 35.8 °C) and C9 (1 g/L of yeast extract, 40 °C), respectively. The low yeast extract concentration and low temperature caused a negative effect on the hydrogen production. By means of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis 20% of similarity was observed between the archaeal population of mesophilic (35 and 40 °C) and thermophilic (50, 60 and 64 °C) reactors. Likewise, similarity of 22% was noted between the bacterial population for the reactors with the lowest hydrogen production (3.5 mmol/L), at 35.8 °C and with the highest hydrogen production (17.7 mmol/L) at 60 °C demonstrating that microbial population modification was a function of incubation temperature variation.

scholarly journals Enhanced Production, Purification and Characterization of Alkaline Keratinase from Streptomyces minutiscleroticus DNA38

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allure Nandini ◽  
D.N. Madhusudhan ◽  
Agsar Dayanand
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Chicken Feathers ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Critical Process ◽  
Central Composite

A thermo tolerant, feather-degrading, newly isolated actinobacterial strain Streptomyces minutiscleroticus DNA38 was investigated for its ability to produce keratinase. Maximum production (283.4 IU) of keratinase by Streptomyces minutiscleroticus DNA38 in starch chicken feathers medium under submerged bioprocess was observed at optimized conditions of pH 9.0 of the medium and 45 °C incubation temperature. Further, an enhanced production (435.8 IU) of keratinase was achieved employing response surface methodology. Combined interactive effect of starch (7.50 g/L), yeast extract (0.74 g/L) and chicken feathers (7.50 g/L) were found to be the critical process variables for enhanced production under central composite design. Chicken feathers showed a direct action and addition of starch and yeast extract to the medium proved effective for a significant increase in the production of keratinase. The purified keratinase was monomeric and had a molecular mass of 29 kDa. The enzyme activity was significantly inhibited after pH 9.0 and temperature 50 °C.

Optimisation of medium composition for probiotic biomass production using response surface methodology

2013 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masumeh Anvari ◽  
Gholam Khayati ◽  
Shora Rostami
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Probiotic Bacterium ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Bifidobacterium Animalis ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Probiotic Biomass

This study was aimed to optimise lactose, inulin and yeast extract concentration and also culture pH for maximising the growth of a probiotic bacterium,Bifidobacterium animalissubsp.lactisin apple juice and to assess the effects of these factors by using response surface methodology. A second-order central composite design was applied to evaluate the effects of these independent variables on growth of the microorganism. A polynomial regression model with cubic and quadratic terms was used for analysis of the experimental data. It was found that the effects involving inulin, yeast extract and pH on growth of the bacterium were significant, and the strongest effect was given by the yeast extract concentration. Estimated optimum conditions of the factors on the bacterial growth are as follows: lactose concentration=9·5 g/l; inulin concentration=38·5 mg/l; yeast extract concentration=9·6 g/l and initial pH=6·2.

scholarly journals Optimisation of Culture Conditions for PLA-food-packaging Degradation by Bacillus sp. SNRUSA4

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suwapha Sawiphak ◽  
Aroon Wongjiratthiti
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Initial Ph

Polylactic acid (PLA) is increasingly used in food-packaging production. The screening of PLA-food-packaging-degrading bacteria and optimisation of culture conditions for the PLA-food-packaging degradation by PLA-food-packaging-degrading bacteria were investigated for bioplastic waste management purposes. Only bacterial strain SNRUSA4 exhibited an increase in optical density (OD) in Basal Medium (BM) supplemented with 1.0 g/L of PLA-food-packaging as sole carbon source after 4 weeks of incubation. A weight loss of 7.3% and the rough and porous surface of PLA-food-packaging indicated that SNRUSA4 was a PLA-food-packaging-degrading bacterium. SNRUSA4 was able to degrade pure PLA which was confirmed from the clear zone formation around its colony on emulsified pure PLA agar plate. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of SNRUSA4 showed the similarity with thirteen Bacillus species. Hence, the strain SNRUSA4 was assigned as Bacillus sp. SNRUSA4. Response surface methodology with Box-Behnken Design was used to optimise the culture conditions including yeast extract concentration, initial pH value, temperature and agitation speed for growth and PLA-food-packaging degradation of Bacillus sp. SNRUSA4. The optimal conditions of Bacillus sp. SNRUSA4 was discovered in BM at initial pH value 7.02 with yeast extract concentration of 2.56% and agitated at 205.28 rpm at 31.68°C. Under optimal conditions, the OD of Bacillus sp. SNRUSA4 was up to 1.955, and the different OD between before and after optimisation was up to 1.752. Furthermore, the PLA-food-packaging weight loss also increased from 7.30% to 87.10% indicating that the PLA-food-packaging degradation under optimal conditions was higher than the unoptimised conditions. Therefore, Bacillus sp. SNRUSA4 is an efficient strain for degradation of PLA and PLA-food-packaging.

scholarly journals Effects and Economic Sustainability of Biochar Application on Corn Production in a Mediterranean Climate

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3313
Author(s):  
Juan Luis Aguirre ◽  
María Teresa Martín ◽  
Sergio González ◽  
Manuel Peinado
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
The Mediterranean

The effects of two types of biochar on corn production in the Mediterranean climate during the growing season were analyzed. The two types of biochar were obtained from pyrolysis of Pinus pinaster. B1 was fully pyrolyzed with 55.90% organic carbon, and B2 was medium pyrolyzed with 23.50% organic carbon. B1 and B2 were supplemented in the soil of 20 plots (1 m2) at a dose of 4 kg/m2. C1 and C2 (10 plots each) served as control plots. The plots were automatically irrigated and fertilizer was not applied. The B1-supplemented plots exhibited a significant 84.58% increase in dry corn production per square meter and a 93.16% increase in corn wet weight (p << 0.001). Corn production was no different between B2-supplemented, C1, and C2 plots (p > 0.01). The weight of cobs from B1-supplemented plots was 62.3%, which was significantly higher than that of cobs from C1 and C2 plots (p < 0.01). The grain weight increased significantly by 23% in B1-supplemented plots (p < 0.01) and there were no differences between B2-supplemented, C1, and C2 plots. At the end of the treatment, the soil of the B1-supplemented plots exhibited increased levels of sulfate, nitrate, magnesium, conductivity, and saturation percentage. Based on these results, the economic sustainability of this application in agriculture was studied at a standard price of €190 per ton of biochar. Amortization of this investment can be achieved in 5.52 years according to this cost. Considering the fertilizer cost savings of 50% and the water cost savings of 25%, the amortization can be achieved in 4.15 years. If the price of biochar could be reduced through the CO2 emission market at €30 per ton of non-emitted CO2, the amortization can be achieved in 2.80 years. Biochar markedly improves corn production in the Mediterranean climate. However, the amortization time must be further reduced, and enhanced production must be guaranteed over the years with long term field trials so that the product is marketable or other high value-added crops must be identified.

Lignin – derived antioxidants as value-added products obtained under cavitation treatments of the wheat straw processing for sugar production

2021 ◽  
pp. 126369
Author(s):  
Liga Lauberte ◽  
Galina Telysheva ◽  
Giancarlo Cravotto ◽  
Anna Andersone ◽  
Sarmite Janceva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Value Added Products

OBSERVATIONS ON AMYLOLYTIC BACTERIA: III. CULTURAL CONDITIONS INFLUENCING THE BREAKDOWN OF STARCH BY STENOTHERMOPHILIC BACTERIA BELONGING TO BACILLUS STEAROTHERMOPHILUS

1952 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Egon Stark ◽  
P. A. Tetrault
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Bacillus Stearothermophilus ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ph Changes ◽  
Proteose Peptone ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Commercial Medium ◽  
Agar Media

Thirty-five cultures of Bacillus stearothermophilus hydrolyzed five starches under various cultural conditions. Hydrolysis occurred regardless of the type, brand, or batch of starch; regardless of the initial pH or of the subsequent pH changes of the medium. Starch in broth was better attacked than in agar media. Some cultures hydrolyzed 0.5%, but not 1% starch; others hydrolyzed easily 10% soluble starch. Length of incubation was important. Certain cultures never formed acid or sugar from starch. Dextrinization was a more reliable indication of starch hydrolysis than was the formation of acid or sugar. Soluble starch gave more consistent results in repeated experiments than did nonsoluble starches. The type of protein medium determines strongly the formation of amylase. Trypticase was the best commercial medium, yeast extract came second. The other 10 media yielded fewer amylolytic cultures. Yeast extract added to media enhanced amylase formation, except with trypticase. Tryptose, proteose-peptone, and neopeptone inhibited the growth of most cultures.

Optimization of Technical Parameters on the Medium Formulation and Culture Conditions in Production of Pleurotus eryngii Liquid Spawn

2021 ◽  
pp. 1019-1036
Author(s):  
Chol Jong ◽  
MyongIl Jin ◽  
YongChol Ju ◽  
DeTian Li ◽  
HaiFeng Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Surface Analysis ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pleurotus Eryngii ◽  
Response Surface Analysis ◽  
Liquid Volume ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Liquid Spawn

Liquid spawn, an important technical support for industrial production of edible fungi, has some advantages, such as fast growth, strong activity, uniform quality and easy inoculation. However，the study of the fermentation parameters of Pleurotus eryngii liquid spawn is less, which cannot effectively guide the production practice. Therefore, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the production of liquid spawn and industrial production of Pleurotus eryngii, response surface analysis was used to optimize the liquid spawn formula and conditions. The best carbon and nitrogen source of liquid medium was glucose and yeast extract, respectively. The optimum formula of medium was obtained by response surface analysis. Combined with the practical operation, the formula was modified to 29.00 g/L glucose, 2.90g/L yeast extract, 0.90g/L KH2PO4 and 1.00g/L MgSO4. The effects of various factors on the dry weight of mycelia were analyzed, the results indicated that the influence follow the sequence: glucose, KH2PO4, yeast extract and MgSO4, among them, the first two factors had significant effect. The interaction between glucose and KH2PO4 had obviously effects on the dry weight of mycelia. The interaction between glucose and yeast extract had a certain effect. The optimum culture conditions of liquid spawn were obtained by response surface analysis. Combined with the actual situation, the conditions were modified to liquid volume 106.00mL/250mL, rotating speed 165.00r/min, temperature 23.60℃, initial pH 6.70. The effects of various factors on the dry weight of mycelia was analyzed, the results indicated that the influence follow the sequence: initial pH, liquid volume, temperature and rotating speed, among them, the first three factors had extremely significant effect. The interaction of liquid volume and rotating speed, temperature and initial pH had obviously effects on mycelial dry weight.

scholarly journals Recycling Of Peneapple Waste Using Lactobacillus Delbroeckii to Lactic Acid

REAKTOR ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Abdullah Abdullah ◽  
H. B. Mat
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Lactobacillus Delbrueckii ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Acid Fermentation ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Pineapple Waste ◽  
Fermentation Liquid ◽  
Initial Ph

The liquid pineapple waste contain mainly sucrose, glucose, fructose, and other nutrients. It therefore can potentiall be used as carbon source for organic acid fermentation. Recently, lactic acid has been considered to be an important raw material for production of biodegradadable lactace polymer. The experiments weree carried out in shake flash fermentation using lactobacillus delbroeckii. Effect of some parameters such as temperature, initial Ph, initial substrate concentration, yeast extract concentration and fermentation time to the yield have been studied. The highest yield was 85.65% achieved at 40 0C, PH 6.00, 52.2 g/l sugar concentration with 5 g/l yeast extract. There was no significant increasing in lactic acid production was observed if supplementation of yeast extract above 10%.Keyword : lactic acid fermentation, liquid pineapple waste, lactobacillus delbrueckii

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