scholarly journals Influence of Biofertilizers on Protein, Moisture and Ash Content in Relation to Swelling Property, Water Absorption Capacity, Mineral Elements, Total Phenolic Level of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.) Plant Grown under Acidic Soil Zone of South India

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 78-97
Author(s):  
Kuntal Das ◽  
Raman Dang
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Swelling Property ◽  
Soil Zone

The field experiment on Stevia rebaudiana (SR), (Family: Asteraceae) was carried out in acid soil zone of Shimoga (Karnataka) in the year 2009 and 2010 to investigate the influence of biofertilizers on protein, moisture and ash content in the dried Stevia leaf and their correlation with swelling property, water absorption capacity and mineral element contents. Results revealed that second harvested sample (August) in first year (2009) was better for all aspects than other harvested samples and the results showed significant increase in protein content (16.22%), swelling index (SI) (5.10% w/w), water absorption capacity (WAC) (4.91 ml/g) with the treatment T8 where three bio fertilizers were applied togetherly with simultaneous moisture content varied from 6.61 to 7.18%. The significant higher correlations were observed (significant at 1%) between protein content with SI (r = 0.99), WAC (r = 0.99) and SI with WAC (r = 0.98) in 2009 harvested samples. The ash content was higher in third harvested sample (13.54%) in the year 2009 with simultaneous increased amount of Fe (6.19 mg/kg), Mn (1.24 mg/kg), Cu (0.72 mg/kg) and Zn (1.22 mg/kg) contents due to the residual effect of bio fertilizers. Nitrogen (0.74 mg/kg), P (0.40 mg/kg) and K (0.68 mg/kg) contents were higher during second harvested samples and thereafter decreased. Total phenolic content was also recorded highest (64.52 mg/g) with three bio fertilizers applied togetherly during year 2009 compared to the year 2010 (50.12 mg/g). The results suggest that the application of bio-fertilizers either single or more numbers in a balanced way may be beneficial in improving protein, phenol and mineral contents of stevia plant

The effect of sugar beet fiber addition on the chemical properties of tortilla chips

2012 ◽  
pp. 385-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Saadatmandi ◽  
Mohammad Elahi ◽  
Reza Farhoosh ◽  
Mahdi Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Tortilla Chips

The incorporation of sugar beet fiber (0–5%) to tortilla chips and the effects on the chemical and sensory properties were studied. Addition of sugar beet fiber (SBF) led to an increasing of water absorption capacity, ash content and darkness while lowering the protein content and oil absorption. Sensory evaluation showed that the overall acceptability of tortilla chips reduces if adding more than 2% SBF.

scholarly journals Changes in Chemical Composition and Rice Cooking Quality Through the Utilization of Respiration Heat of Freshly Harvested Rice During Storage

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanwirul Millati ◽  
Arief Rahmad Maulana Akbar ◽  
Susi Susi ◽  
Alia Rahmi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Cooking Quality ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
And Storage

This study aims to determine the effect of the type of packaging and storage time on the chemical composition and rice cooking quality by utilizing the respiration generated heat of freshly harvested rice. “Siam Pandak” variety of freshly harvested rice stored in black plastic bag and tarpaulin with storage time of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 days. The results showed that the accumulation of respiration heat of freshly harvested rice during storage is only capable of raising the temperature in the packaging up to 28 – 31°C, slightly higher than room temperature ranging between 26 – 29°C. Types of packaging and storage time could increase water absorption capacity, protein and fiber contents; and reduce fat and carbohydrate contents. The increase in water absorption capacity was obtained in black plastic bag with storage time of one day, which amounted to 298.27% (an increase of 27.74% compared to control), the highest protein content with storage time of two days with a protein content of 8.56% (an increase of 7.31% compared to control), fiber content in the tarp packaging with storage time of five days, which amounted to 2.40% (an increase of 96.46% compared to control).

scholarly journals Functional and Physicochemical Characteristics of Raw, Roasted and Germinated Buckwheat Flour

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beenu Tanwar ◽  
Nistha Lamsal ◽  
Ankit Goyal ◽  
Vikas Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Swelling Power ◽  
Buckwheat Flour

Purpose: Buckwheat, a pseudocereal is a nutritionally dense and gluten-free grain which has a great potential especially in the functional food industry. Domestic processing methods like germination and roasting may enhance the nutritional and functional components of the buckwheat. Design/methodology/approach: The raw, roasted (120°C for 10 min) and germinated (27 ± 3°C for 24 hours) seed flour was analyzed for functional (bulk density, water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, swelling power, and emulsifying capacity and activity) and physicochemical (fat, ash, protein, total carbohydrate, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity) parameters. Findings: Both the methods showed varied deviation of functional properties and nutrients from the raw flour. Germination significantly (p 0.05) increased the protein (11.5%) and moisture (14.66%) whereas, decreased ash (1.8%), carbohydrate (62.84%), fat (1.33%) and fiber (7.87%); roasting significantly (p 0.05) increased the carbohydrate (71.38%) whereas, decreased ash (1.8%), fat (1.33%), fibre (6.32%), moisture (11.66%) and protein (7.6%) content. Germination significantly (p 0.05) increased the phenolic content and antioxidant activity (82.63%). Bulk density and emulsion capacity decreased in both germinated and roasted buckwheat flour. However, both germination and roasting significantly (p 0.05) increased the oil absorption capacity, swelling power, and water absorption capacity. Originality/value: The present study suggests that germinated and roasted flours can be utilized commercially for the production of economical, better and nutrient-dense food products for people suffering from cereal-based health disorders.

The use of brew of triticale flour in the technology of bread

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
N.S. Lavrentieva ◽  
◽  
L.I. Kuznetsova ◽  
T.T. Barsukova ◽  
M.A. Nutchina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Falling Number

The results of work on the study of the intensity of the accumulation of reducing sugars and the decrease in the dynamie viscosity of infusions made from rye and triticale flour during their saccharification are presented. It is noted that in order to obtain a dough of normal consistency, it is necessary to take into account the ash content, water absorption capacity, the enzymatic activity of flour, the viscosity of welding and the method of preparing the dough from it when calculating the amount of water per batch of dough. It is shown that it is possible to obtain hearth custard bread with high consumer properties from a mixture of wheat and triticale flour with a falling number of 60–62s when using sourdough and baking on the hearth with frying.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Lama Perkecambahan terhadap Karakteristik Fisik, Kimia dan Fungsional Tepung Kecambah Jagung Pulut (Zea mays ceratina L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 304
Author(s):  
Gery Hartawan ◽  
Ni Wayan Wisaniyasa ◽  
Anak Agung Istri Sri Wiadnyani
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Corn Flour ◽  
Swelling Power ◽  
Waxy Corn

This study aims to know the effect of time on the germinated waxy corn flour characteristics and to know which time that can produce a germinated waxy corn flour with the best characteristics. This research used a Complete Randomized Design with a different germination time as the treatment, which is 0 hour, 24 hour, 36 hour and 48 hour. The experimentation was repeated 4 times resulting 16 experimental units. The data obtained were analyzed using an analysis of variance and if the treatment had a significant effect, it was followed by a Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that the effect of time had a very significant effect on total rendement, L’ value (brightness), b’ value (green-yellow), protein content, water absorption capacity, swelling power, solubility of germinated waxy corn flour. This research also resulting a significant effect on moisture content and carbohydrate content, but resulting a non-significant effect on bulk density, a’ value (blue-red), ash content, fat content, crude fiber content and oil absorption capacity. The best characteristic of the flour in this study was the waxy corn flour that has been germinated for 48 hours with 79.44% rendement, 0.50 g/ml bulk density, L’:54.34, a’: 6.90, b’: 22,89 color, 7.15% water content, 1.56% ash content, 6.36% fat content, 9.66% protein content, 82.31% carbohydrates content, 2.39% fiber content, 1.55 ml/g water absorption, 1.81 ml/g oil absorption, 6.70 g/g swelling power, and 51.72% solubility.

scholarly journals Water Absorption Capacity Determines the Functionality of Vital Gluten Related to Specific Bread Volume

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Marina Schopf ◽  
Katharina Anne Scherf
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Specific Volume ◽  
Disulfide Bonds ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Addition ◽  
Wheat Flours

Vital gluten is often used in baking to supplement weak wheat flours and improve their baking quality. Even with the same recipe, variable final bread volumes are common, because the functionality differs between vital gluten samples also from the same manufacturer. To understand why, the protein composition of ten vital gluten samples was investigated as well as their performance in a microbaking test depending on the water content in the dough. The gluten content and composition as well the content of free thiols and disulfide bonds of the samples were similar and not related to the specific bread volumes obtained using two dough systems, one based on a baking mixture and one based on a weak wheat flour. Variations of water addition showed that an optimal specific volume of 1.74–2.38 mL/g (baking mixture) and 4.25–5.49 mL/g (weak wheat flour) was reached for each vital gluten sample depending on its specific water absorption capacity.

Comparison of Bio and Eco-technologies with Chemical Methods for Pre-treatment of Flax Fibers: Impact on Fiber Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 155892501400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabela Camano ◽  
Nemeshwaree Behary ◽  
Philippe Vroman ◽  
Christine Campagne
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Fiber Bundle ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Pectate Lyase ◽  
High Water ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Flax Fibers ◽  
The Impact

Flax fibers, available as fiber bundles, are commonly used as fiber reinforcement in composite materials as a substitute for glass fibers. Pre-treatments are often necessary for improving fiber-resin adhesion, and also to facilitate fiber elementarization, and to improve fiber ability to be implemented in mechanical processes limiting fiber damages. This paper focuses on the impact of biotechnologies (effect of 2 different enzymes: a pectate lyase and a laccase) and of an ecotechnology (ultrasound with ethanol), compared to classical chemical pre-treatments (using aqueous NaOH and ammonia) on the final flax fiber bundle properties, before and after a carding process. Fiber surface properties (wettability and/or zeta potential values), fiber elementarization and mechanical properties vary with the type of treatment (chemical nature of product and conditions used). Fibers elementarised using pectate lyase and ultrasound/ethanol have a hydrophilic surface and a high water absorption capacity, and are also of highest quality in terms of increased fineness. Treatment with NaOH yields the poorest fiber bundle tenacity. Laccase enzyme yields long thick hydrophobic fibers having very low water absorption capacity, and the most neutral surface charge. Properties of flax fibers can be easily monitored using different pre-treatments resulting in fibers which would be suited for various final applications.

scholarly journals Experimental study on water level and absorption capacity in a radial well flow in a loess area

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1313-1321
Author(s):  
Xuezhen Zhang ◽  
Aidi Huo ◽  
Jucui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Steady Flow ◽  
Flow Injection ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Radial Well

Abstract In this paper, the theoretical basis for flow calculation in an injection well was discussed. It proposed that the flow rate of an injection well could be calculated referring to pumping theory and method. A mathematical model of the rising curve of water level around a radial well was established and the equation for calculating the rising curve was given. The calculation equations selected for the water absorption capacity of injection wells were explained and examples were verified and compared. The results indicated that, under the same injection conditions, the water level value calculated by the analysis method was slightly larger, but the error between the analysis method and the semi-theoretical and semi-empirical methods was small. In the processes of steady flow injection and unsteady flow injection, there was a small difference of water absorption capacity, and the former was slightly larger. The measured values of water absorption capacity were only about one-third of the calculated values based on pumping theory. Overall, the analytical solution method for predicting the rising curve of water level has priority in well injection. The semi-theoretical and semi-empirical equation for calculating water absorption capacity sifted first has priority in steady flow injection, the equation sifted second has priority in unsteady flow injection.

scholarly journals Formation of porous ceramics using cullet and biological waste of water purification

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vlasova ◽  
I. Rosales ◽  
M. Kakazey ◽  
Parra Parra ◽  
R. Guardian
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Temperature Range

Porous ceramics (bricks) was obtained using red clay, milled fusible cullet, and biowaste in the temperature range 950-1000?C. The high content of water in biowaste eliminates the necessity of introducing water in soft mud forming of bricks. The porosity, water absorption capacity, and mechanical properties of the prepared ceramics depend on content of milled cullet and sintering temperature.

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