scholarly journals Investigating the Effects of “Philosophy for Children” Program on the Reduction of Psychosomatic Disorders Symptoms in 9-11 Age Boys

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Akram Shatalebi ◽  
Mehrnoosh Hedayati
Keyword(s):  
Test Group ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Philosophy For Children ◽  
Psychosomatic Disorders ◽  
Psychosomatic Disorder ◽  
Philosophical Inquiry ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

This study is investigating the impact of “Philosophy for Children” Program on the reduction of the symptoms of psychosomatic disorders in children aged 9 to 11 years in Iran. The sample of the study consists of 45 primary school boy students who were randomly selected using multistage random cluster sampling from among 19 districts of Education. This is a Quasi-experimental method research with experimental and control groups. Research tool in this study was Achenbach questionnaire form YSR (Youth Self-report). At first, using this questionnaire, all third and forth graders in two schools were selected by screening in which 45 ones got a score which showed psychosomatic disorders that all of them were eager to take part in the study. The test group, during a 12 sessions in a week, for 1 hour, participated in community of philosophical inquiry-the method of “Philosophy for Children” Program-with a training coach. After the end of the sessions, Achenbach’s re-test, on both control and test groups, was taken to determine the effect of holding the “Philosophy for Children” Program on psychosomatic disorders. The results of this study showed that the implementation of this program has a significant effect in reducing symptoms of psychosomatic disorder of test group.

scholarly journals The Impact of Islamic Counseling Intervention towards Students’ Mindfulness and Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Asroful Kadafi ◽  
Alfaiz Alfaiz ◽  
M. Ramli ◽  
Dahlia Novarianing Asri ◽  
Juwita Finayanti
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Counseling Intervention ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

The pandemic caused by the Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) has had psychological and health impacts on people's lives around the world.  On a psychological aspect, this pandemic has caused anxiety due to low mindfulness.  To increase the potential of mindfulness, one of the ways taken is by counselor psychological intervention.  The authors used an Islamic counseling approach to reduce anxiety and increase mindfulness. Therefore, the research was conducted using a quasi-experimental design with non-equivalent control group design.  Participants in this study were 14 students consisting of 7 students for each experimental and control group. Participants were invited after filling self-report the anxiety scale facing COVID-19 and indicated that they were in the high category. The data analyzed with the Wilcoxon sign rank test to determine the impact of before and after the intervention was given, then used the Mann Whitney to find out the mean differences between the experimental and control group, and the Rank Spearman to determine the correlation between mindfulness and anxiety.  The results showed that Islamic counseling intervention is effective to increase mindfulness which impacted on reducing anxiety in facing the COVID-19 pandemic. Besides, the results of correlation analysis using the Rank Spearman show that there is a correlation between mindfulness and anxiety.

Research Participation Experiences of Informants of Suicide and Control Cases

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 238-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. C. Wong ◽  
Wincy S. C. Chan ◽  
Philip S. L. Beh ◽  
Fiona W. S. Yau ◽  
Paul S. F. Yip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Research Participation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Autopsy Study ◽  
The People ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Background: Ethical issues have been raised about using the psychological autopsy approach in the study of suicide. The impact on informants of control cases who participated in case-control psychological autopsy studies has not been investigated. Aims: (1) To investigate whether informants of suicide cases recruited by two approaches (coroners’ court and public mortuaries) respond differently to the initial contact by the research team. (2) To explore the reactions, reasons for participation, and comments of both the informants of suicide and control cases to psychological autopsy interviews. (3) To investigate the impact of the interviews on informants of suicide cases about a month after the interviews. Methods: A self-report questionnaire was used for the informants of both suicide and control cases. Telephone follow-up interviews were conducted with the informants of suicide cases. Results: The majority of the informants of suicide cases, regardless of the initial route of contact, as well as the control cases were positive about being approached to take part in the study. A minority of informants of suicide and control cases found the experience of talking about their family member to be more upsetting than expected. The telephone follow-up interviews showed that none of the informants of suicide cases reported being distressed by the psychological autopsy interviews. Limitations: The acceptance rate for our original psychological autopsy study was modest. Conclusions: The findings of this study are useful for future participants and researchers in measuring the potential benefits and risks of participating in similar sensitive research. Psychological autopsy interviews may be utilized as an active engagement approach to reach out to the people bereaved by suicide, especially in places where the postvention work is underdeveloped.

scholarly journals The Effect of Music Therapy on Problem-Solving Skills

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Zeinab Sirous Jahedi ◽  
Nasser Amini Khoi
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

<p>The aim of the present research was study of the impact of music therapy on problem-solving skills of 4 to 6 years old children in Tehran. This research was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest control group. The statistical population was all 4 to 6 years old children in region 2 of Tehran. Using the random sampling method, the study sample was chosen in two experiment (15 individuals) and control (15 individuals) groups.   The experiment group received 12 sessions of music therapy and the control group was waiting for treatment meanwhile. To evaluate the problem-solving skill in children, the three subscales of Wechsler’s Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI) were used, including: mazes, cubes and arithmetic.  Analysis of data obtained from the questionnaires was conducted in two parts of descriptive and inferential. The data analysis indicated the significant increase of problem-solving average score of the experiment group compared to the control group.</p>

scholarly journals SQoF-WEAR Project. The Use of Wearable Devices to Identify the Impact of Stress on Workers’ Quality of Life

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Patricia Concheiro-Moscoso ◽  
Betania Groba ◽  
Sílvia Monteiro-Fonseca ◽  
Nereida Canosa ◽  
Cristina Queirós
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
The University ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

(1) Background: Stress is a major public health problem due to its relevant health, social and economic repercussions. Moreover, stress can be associated with work; when stress increases over time, burnout can occur, an occupational phenomenon recognized by the WHO in 2019. There is interest in the use of wearable devices to monitor and control stressors and their influence on the condition of workers. This study aims to identify the level of job stress and its influence on the quality of life of workers. (2) Methods:This longitudinal study was carried out between the end of May and mid-July 2021. Three assessment tools along with a daily and a weekly questionnaire were computerized through the RedCap platform. The participants had to fill out the diary and weekly questionnaires and wear a Xiaomi Mi Band 5 during the project. (3) Results and discussion: Thirty-six workers from the University of Coruña and from the University of Porto participated in the project. This study promotes the awareness of workers regarding their work stress and the influence of this factor on their quality of life using physiological (e.g., activity, sleep, and heart rate) and psychological indicators (self-report questionnaires in different moments).

scholarly journals Helping to realize “computer science for all”: Student outcomes of self-pacing in introductory programming courses

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Lester
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Classroom Observations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Introductory Programming ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Introductory Programming Courses ◽  
Programming Courses

Sparked by a series of national campaigns to increase interest in computer science, computer science departments are inundated with students who are interested in learning how to program. Despite the interest, introductory computer science course have relatively low completion rates (approximately 55% at Mason) and high rates of academic integrity violations. In response to this environment, the Computer Science department at Mason received an external grant to redesign their introductory programming courses to a self-paced, flipped format. Implementation began in Fall 2015 with a quasi-experimental methodology that tracks students from an experimental course and a control group (those who took more traditional introductory CS courses) over the course of the semester. Data collected includes grades on assignments, self-report surveys, and classroom observations.  The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of a self-paced, flipped curricular design in an introductory experiential computer science course on the immediate (in course) completion.   In this short lightning talk, we will present data from student surveys and classroom observations identifying any difference across the control and experimental groups. Preliminary results identify a significant increase in student completion upwards of a 20% difference across the groups. In addition to increasing knowledge of the impact of self-paced courses on student retention and success in computer science, we offer an alternative method to collect data on classroom observations via the Real-time Observation Classroom Application (ROCA). ROCA allows for efficient data collection and comparison of specific pedagogies to student engagement measures.  

scholarly journals The influence of the dynamics and the level of maturity of the cortical functions as a prerequisite for the development of speech in children

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 199-204
Author(s):  
Maja Davidovic ◽  
Jadranka Otasevic ◽  
Nada Dobrota-Davidovic ◽  
Ivana Petronic ◽  
Dragomir Davidovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Articulation Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cortical Responses ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Waveform Amplitude ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Introduction/Objective. The development of speech is the result of interaction of different systems of the cortex, which gradually acquires the ability of phonological presentation and motor control, in the presence of a series of physical and physiological changes in the morphology of the articulation system. The objective of the study was to examine the impact of laterality and cortical responses on the development of speech in children. Methods. Research is a quasi-experimental design with two groups. The sample covered 60 children from Belgrade, of both sexes, ages 5.5?7 years, divided into two groups, experimental (30) and control (30). We used the following instruments: test for assessing laterality and ascertaining evoked potentials. Results. On the visual lateralization subtest there was a statistically significant difference (?2 = 7.56, p < 0.05) between the observed groups. The visual evoked potentials on all measured parameters gave a statistically significant difference between the groups: waveform cortical responses ? left (?2 = 30.00, df = 1, p < 0.05); cortical responses ? right (?2 = 6.667, df = 1 , p < 0.05); waveform amplitude ? left (?2 = 13.469, df = 1, p < 0.05); amplitude ? right (?2 = 40.00, df = 1, p < 0.05), somatosensory potentials (?2 = 18.261, df = 1, p <0.05); waveform amplitude (?2 = 12.000, df = 1, p < 0.05); waveform latency (?2 = 5.455, df = 1, p < 0.05). Conclusion. Visual laterality, as well as visual and somatosensory cortical responses to stimuli is better in children without the present articulation disorder, which could be used for timely prevention planning.

Effects of the Your Family, Your Neighborhood Intervention on Neighborhood Social Processes

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-246
Author(s):  
Daniel Brisson ◽  
Stephanie Lechuga Peña ◽  
Nicole Mattocks ◽  
Mark Plassmeyer ◽  
Sarah McCune
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Neighborhoods ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Neighborhood Social Cohesion ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Larger Sample

Abstract The objective of this study was to ascertain whether participation in the Your Family, Your Neighborhood (YFYN) intervention, an intervention for families living in low-income neighborhoods, leads to improved perceptions of neighborhood social cohesion and informal neighborhood social control. Fifty-two families in three low-income, urban neighborhoods participated in the manualized YFYN intervention. In this quasi-experimental study treatment families (n = 37) in two low-income neighborhoods received YFYN and control families (n = 15) from one separate low-income neighborhood did not. Families receiving YFYN attended 10 two-hour skills-based curriculum sessions during which they gathered for a community dinner and participated in parent- and child-specific skills-based groups. Treatment families reported increases in both neighborhood social cohesion and informal neighborhood social control after receiving YFYN. However, families receiving YFYN did not experience statistically significant improvements in perceptions of neighborhood social cohesion or informal neighborhood social control compared with nontreatment families. In conclusion, the delivery of YFYN in low-income neighborhoods may improve perceptions of neighborhood social cohesion. Further testing, with randomization and a larger sample, should be conducted to provide a more robust understanding of the impact of YFYN.

scholarly journals Assessment of anxiety and quality of life in fibromyalgia patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 252-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tathiana Pagano ◽  
Luciana Akemi Matsutani ◽  
Elisabeth Alves Gonçalves Ferreira ◽  
Amélia Pasqual Marques ◽  
Carlos Alberto de Bragança Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Outpatient Service ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

CONTEXT: Fibromyalgia is a syndrome characterized by chronic, diffuse musculoskeletal pain, and by a low pain threshold at specific anatomical points. The syndrome is associated with other symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disturbance, morning stiffness and anxiety. Because of its chronic nature, it often has a negative impact on patients' quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To assess the quality of life and anxiety level of patients with fibromyalgia. TYPE Of STUDY: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Rheumatology outpatient service of Hospital das Clínicas (Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo). METHODS: This study evaluated 80 individuals, divided between test and control groups. The test group included 40 women with a confirmed diagnosis of fibromyalgia. The control group was composed of 40 healthy women. Three questionnaires were used: two to assess quality of life (FIQ and SF-36) and one to assess anxiety (STAI). They were applied to the individuals in both groups in a single face-to-face interview. The statistical analysis used Student's t test and Pearson's correlation test (r), with a significance level of 95%. Also, the Pearson chi-squared statistics test for homogeneity, with Yates correction, was used for comparing schooling between test and control groups. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between the groups (p = 0.000), thus indicating that fibromyalgia patients have a worse quality of life and higher levels of anxiety. The correlations between the three questionnaires were high (r = 0.9). DISCUSSION: This study has confirmed the efficacy of FIQ for evaluating the impact of fibromyalgia on the quality of life. SF-36 is less specific than FIQ, although statistically significant values were obtained when analyzed separately, STAI showed lower efficacy for discriminating the test group from the control group. The test group showed worse quality of life than did the control group, which was demonstrated by both FIQ and SF-36. Even though STAI was a less efficient instrument, it presented significant results, showing that fibromyalgia patients presented higher levels of anxiety, both on the state and trait scales. Thus, patients with fibromyalgia had higher levels of tension, nervousness, preoccupation and apprehension, and higher propensity towards anxiety. CONCLUSION: The three instruments utilized showed efficiency in evaluating fibromyalgia patients. FIQ was found to be the most efficient instrument for discriminating and assessing the impact of fibromyalgia on their quality of life. It can be concluded that such patients have a worse quality of life and higher levels of anxiety.

The effects of scenario planning on participant reports of resilience

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Chermack ◽  
Laura M. Coons ◽  
Gregory O’barr ◽  
Shiva Khatami
Keyword(s):  
Scenario Planning ◽  
Random Selection ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Planning Treatment ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of scenario planning on participant ratings of resilience. Design/methodology/approach The research design is a quasi experimental pretest/posttest with treatment and control groups. Random selection or assignment was not achieved. Findings Results show a significant difference in reports of resilience for the scenario planning treatment group and no significant difference for the control group. Research limitations/implications Limitations include the use of self-report perception measures, possible social desirability of responses and a lack of random selection and assignment. Practical implications Practical implications imply that scenario planning can be viewed as a legitimate tool for increasing resilience in organizations. Social implications Organizations with an ability to adjust quickly and recover from difficult conditions means reduced layoffs and healthy economic growth. Originality/value While there is increasing research on scenario planning, to date, none has examined the effects of scenarios on resilience.

scholarly journals Transit-oriented economic development: The impact of light rail on new business starts in the Phoenix, AZ Region, USA

Urban Studies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (13) ◽  
pp. 2838-2862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Credit
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
New Business Formation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
New Business ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

This article examines the impact of Phoenix’s light rail system, which opened in 2008, on new firm formation in specific industries. Individual business data from 1990–2014 are used in a quasi-experimental adjusted-interrupted time series (AITS) regression to compare the impact of the transit system’s construction on new business starts in ‘treatment’ and ‘control’ areas before and after the opening of the line. Findings show that the transit adjacency is worth an 88% increase in knowledge sector new starts, a 40% increase in service sector new starts and a 28% increase in retail new starts at the time the system opened, when compared with automobile-accessible control areas. However, the light rail also appears to suffer from a ‘novelty factor’– after the initial increase in new establishment activity in adjacent block groups, the effect diminishes at the rate of 8%, 6% and 7% per year, respectively. The results also provide insight into the spatial extent of light rail impacts to new business formation, with areas 1 mile from stations observing 21% fewer retail new business starts and 12% fewer knowledge sector new starts than areas within a quarter of a mile of stations.

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