scholarly journals Parents’ Descriptions of Neonatal Palliation as a Treatment Option Prior to Periviable Delivery

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Jager ◽  
Brownsyne Tucker Edmonds, MD, MPH, MS ◽  
Shelley Hoffman, MPH ◽  
Erin Jeffries, MD, MS ◽  
Tatiana Laitano, MD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Option ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Informed Decision Making ◽  
Comfort Care ◽  
Neonatal Treatment ◽  
Antenatal Consultation ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Research Assistants

Background and Hypothesis: During periviable deliveries, parents are confronted with overwhelming and challenging decisions, about which they may know little. This study aimed to explore qualitatively the language that mothers and important others (IOs) utilize when discussing palliation, or ‘comfort care,’ as a treatment option in the context of periviability. Project Methods: We prospectively recruited pregnant women (and designated IOs) admitted to labor and delivery for a threatened periviable delivery (22-25 weeks GA) at two hospitals between September 2016 and January 2018. Using a semi-structured interview guide, we explored participants’ perceptions of palliation and neonatal treatment options. Women were asked items such as, “How was the choice of resuscitation presented to you?” and “What were the options presented?” Research assistants developed a codebook for the interview transcripts, and NVivo 12 was used for qualitative analysis. Results: Thirty women and 16 IOs were recruited in total. Participants’ descriptions of palliation fell into five broad categories – ‘doing nothing,’ ‘not resuscitating,’ ‘withdrawal of care,’ ‘implicit comfort care,’ and ‘explicit comfort care.’ The majority of parents perceived comfort care not as a distinct treatment option, but rather as the absence of treatment. Several barriers to the comprehension of comfort care were observed, including subjects’ unfamiliarity with the terminology or the inability to remember its explanation during antenatal consultation. Parents described comfort care with either neutral or negative connotations, and even those parents able to discuss the concept neutrally chose resuscitation as their preferred treatment option. Conclusion and Potential Impact: This study revealed that many parents facing periviable delivery may lack understanding of comfort care as a neonatal treatment option. These parental perceptions highlight the need to improve counseling efforts in order to maximize parents’ informed decision-making.

Mobile-Assisted Language Learning Semi-Structured Interview Guide

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo García Botero ◽  
Frederik Questier ◽  
Chang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Mobile Assisted Language Learning ◽  
Interview Guide

Construction of citizenship in hospitalized children, Peru

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Fernando Ledesma Perez ◽  
Maria Caycho Avalos ◽  
Juana Cruz Montero ◽  
Andrea Ayala Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interview ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Health Institute ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Communication Interaction ◽  
The Individual

Citizenship is the exercise of the fundamental rights of people in spaces of participation, opinion and commitments, which can not be violated by any health condition in which the individual is. This research aims to interpret the process of construction of citizenship in hospitalized children, was developed through the qualitative approach, ethnomethodological method, synchronous design, with a sample of three students hospitalized in a health institute specializing in childhood, was used Observation technique and a semi-structured interview guide were obtained as results that hospitalized children carry out their citizenship construction in an incipient way, through the communication interaction they make with other people in the environment where they grow up.

Patients’ Perceptions of Caring and Uncaring Nursing Encounters in Inpatient Rehabilitation Settings

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan C Cheruiyot ◽  
Petra Brysiewicz
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Inpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
The Self ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Textual Data ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Being There

This study explores and describes caring and uncaring nursing encounters from the perspective of the patients admitted to inpatient rehabilitation settings in South Africa. The researchers used an exploratory descriptive design. A semi-structured interview guide was used to collect data through individual interviews with 17 rehabilitation patients. Content analysis allowed for the analysis of textual data. Five categories of nursing encounters emerged from the analysis: noticing and acting, and being there for you emerged as categories of caring nursing encounters, and being ignored, being a burden, and deliberate punishment emerged as categories of uncaring nursing encounters. Caring nursing encounters make patients feel important and that they are not alone in the rehabilitation journey, while uncaring nursing encounters makes the patients feel unimportant and troublesome to the nurses. Caring nursing encounters give nurses an opportunity to notice and acknowledge the existence of vulnerability in the patients and encourage them to be present at that moment, leading to empowerment. Uncaring nursing encounters result in patients feeling devalued and depersonalised, leading to discouragement. It is recommended that nurses strive to develop personal relationships that promote successful nursing encounters. Further, nurses must strive to minimise the patients’ feelings of guilt and suffering, and to make use of tools, for example the self-perceived scale, to measure this. Nurses must also perform role plays on how to handle difficult patients such as confused, demanding and rude patients in the rehabilitation settings.

scholarly journals Views about sensory modulation from people with schizophrenia and treating staff: A multisite qualitative study

2021 ◽  
pp. 030802262098847
Author(s):  
Tawanda Machingura ◽  
Chris Lloyd ◽  
Karen Murphy ◽  
Sarah Goulder ◽  
David Shum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Sensory Modulation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Effective Training

Introduction Current non-pharmacological treatment options for people with schizophrenia are limited. There is, however, emerging evidence that sensory modulation can be beneficial for this population. This study aimed to gain insight into sensory modulation from the user’s and the treating staff’s perspectives. Method A qualitative content analysis design was used. Transcripts from occupational therapists ( n=11) and patients with schizophrenia ( n=13) derived from in-depth semi-structured interviews were analysed for themes using content analysis. Results Five themes emerged from this study: Service user education on the sensory approach is the key; A variety of tools should be tried; Sensory modulation provides a valued treatment option; There are challenges of managing perceived risk at an organisational level; and There is a shortage of accessible and effective training. Conclusion People with schizophrenia and treating staff had congruent perceptions regarding the use of sensory modulation as a treatment option. The findings suggest that sensory modulation can be a valued addition to treatment options for people with schizophrenia. We suggest further research on sensory modulation intervention effectiveness using quantitative methods so these results can be further explored.

Food waste treatment option selection through spherical fuzzy AHP

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Aysu Melis Buyuk ◽  
Gul T. Temur
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Option ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Food Treatment ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Option Selection

In line with the increase in consciousness on sustainability in today’s global world, great emphasis has been attached to food waste management. Food waste is a complex issue to manage due to uncertainties on quality, quantity, location, and time of wastes, and it involves different decisions at many stages from seed to post-consumption. These ambiguities re-quire that some decisions should be handled in a linguistic and ambiguous environment. That forces researchers to benefit from fuzzy sets mostly utilized to deal with subjectivity that causes uncertainty. In this study, as a novel approach, the spherical fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (SFAHP) was used to select the best food treatment option. In the model, four main criteria (infrastructural, governmental, economic, and environmental) and their thirteen sub-criteria are considered. A real case is conducted to show how the proposed model can be used to assess four food waste treatment options (composting, anaerobic digestion, landfilling, and incineration). Also, a sensitivity analysis is generated to check whether the evaluations on the main criteria can change the results or not. The proposed model aims to create a subsidiary tool for decision makers in relevant companies and institutions.

Perspectives of community members on homeless people with mental illness in Nsawam, Ghana

2020 ◽  
pp. 002076402098419
Author(s):  
Kwamina Abekah-Carter ◽  
George Ofosu Oti
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Homeless Persons ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Audio Data ◽  
Good Food

Background: Homelessness among people with mental illness has grown to become a common phenomenon in many developed and developing countries. Just like in any other country, the living conditions of homeless people with mental illness in Ghana are unwholesome. Despite the increased population of these vulnerable individuals on the streets, not much is known about the perspectives of the general public towards this phenomenon in Ghana. Aim: This research was conducted to explore the perspectives of community members on homeless people with mental illness. The main study objectives were (a) to find out the impacts of the presence of persons with mental illness on the streets and (b) to ascertain the reasons accounting for homelessness among persons with mental illness. Method: Utilizing a qualitative research design, twenty community members were sampled from selected suburbs in Nsawam and interviewed with the use of a semi-structured interview guide. The audio data gathered from the interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Results: Majority of the participants asserted that homeless people with mental illness had no access to good food, shelter, and health care. They further stated that some homeless people with mental illness perpetrated physical and sexual violence against the residents. Moreover, the participants believed that persons with mental illness remained on the streets due to neglect by their family members, and limited access to psychiatric services. Conclusion: This paper concludes by recommending to government to make mental health services accessible and affordable to homeless persons with mental illness nationwide.

Investigation of Attitudes Toward Chemistry and Learning Experiences of Pre-Service Chemistry Teachers

2021 ◽  
pp. 191-211
Author(s):  
Dwi Wahi/udiati ◽  
Hari Sutrisno ◽  
Isana Supiah YL
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Learning Experiences ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Chemistry Teachers ◽  
Inquiry Based Learning ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes Toward Chemistry

The objective of this research was to investigate the level of students' attitudes toward Chemistry and Learning Experience (ATCLE). The research sample included 191 students (61 male and 130 female) from three universities; Universitas Negeri Mataram, Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram, and IK1P Mataram, Indonesia. The sample has been selected through cluster random sampling and snowballs random sampling. Mixed method research with a descriptive correlational survey model and a semi-structured interview was employed for the study. The data were collected by Chemistry Attitudes and Experiences Questionnaire (CAEQ) and an interview guide. Results showed no significant correlation in the level of attitude toward chemistry based on gender and grades. The finding also revealed that the attitude of pre-service chemistry teachers based on gender and grade were more positive towards research in chemistry than jobs related to chemistry. However, grades influenced the students learning experience, but there was no influence of gender on students learning experience. It is suggested that teachers need to develop a positive attitude toward chemistry and learning experiences of the students through inquiry-based learning practices.

Does Culture Matter? Young and Middle-Aged Iranian-American Adults’ Perspectives Regarding End-of-Life Care Planning

2021 ◽  
pp. 104990912110368
Author(s):  
Zahra Rahemi ◽  
Veronica Parker
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
English Language ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Care Planning ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Comfort Care ◽  
Iranian American ◽  
Eol Care

Background: An increase of cultural diversity and treatment options offer opportunities and challenges related to end-of-life (EOL) care for healthcare providers and policymakers. EOL care planning can help reduce confusion and uncertainty when individuals and family members need to make decisions about EOL care options. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate preferences, attitudes, and behaviors regarding EOL care planning among young and middle-aged Iranian-American adults. Methods: A cross-sectional national sample of 251 Iranian-American adults completed surveys. Paper and online surveys in English and Persian were offered to potential participants. Results: All the participants completed online survey in English language. In incurable health conditions, 56.8% preferred hospitalization and intensive treatments. From the 40.6% participants who preferred comfort care, most preferred care at home (29.5%) compared to an institution (11.1%). Those who preferred hospitalization at EOL mostly preferred intensive and curative treatments. The mean score of attitudes toward advance decision-making was moderately high (11.48 ± 2.77). Favorable attitudes were positively associated with acculturation (r = .31, p < .001), age (r = .15, p < .05), and number of years living in the U.S. (r = .26, p < .001). Conversely, spirituality and favorable attitudes were negatively associated (r = −.17, p < .05). Conclusion: Immigrant and culturally diverse individuals have experienced different living and healthcare environments. These differences can influence their EOL care planning and decisions. Knowledge of diverse perspectives and cultures is essential to design culturally congruent plans of EOL care.

Level of awareness of formwork design in the Ghanaian construction industry; enabling future technology application

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clement Boakye Danquah ◽  
Alex Acheampong ◽  
Theophilus Adjei-Kumi
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Inductive Reasoning ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Code Of Practice ◽  
Future Technology ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Specific Regulation

Purpose In the Ghanaian construction industry (GCI), the option for stakeholders to adopt formwork design as a building construction requirement is uncommon place. This is due to the low level of awareness and practice of formwork design. As a result of this, there have been formwork accidents, cost and time overruns in construction. This paper aims to solicit the view of stakeholders on the awareness of formwork design practices in the GCI. Design/methodology/approach This paper adopted the interpretivism research philosophy and inductive reasoning. Through a semi-structured interview guide, data was collected. The data (interview) recorded was transcribed using the Amberscript web application. This study used thematic analysis in analyzing the data collected using Nvivo 10 software. Findings The data collected from the 22 professionals indicated that the respondents were unaware of the concept of formwork design and its practice, neither could they speak to the existence of any specific regulation nor code of practice. However, the respondents established that there was a need to design formwork and stated some benefits of it. Originality/value From the literature, little research has been done on formwork design and its context in the GCI is yet to be explored. This research attempts to fill this gap. The findings indicate that to practice formwork design, there must be education and training of human resources for formwork design, there must be a code of practice to guide the design process and legal backing through policies and regulations to mandate the design.

scholarly journals Cross-cultural validation of the Brief Social Phobia Scale for use in Portuguese and the development of a structured interview guide

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia de Lima Osório ◽  
José Alexandre de Souza Crippa ◽  
Sonia Regina Loureiro
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Language Version ◽  
General Evaluation ◽  
Reliability Method ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Translation And Validation

OBJECTIVE: To present the translation and validation of the Brief Social Phobia Scale for use in Brazilian Portuguese, to develop a structured interview guide in order to systemize its use and to perform a preliminary study of inter-rater reliability. METHOD: The instrument was translated and adapted to Portuguese by specialists in anxiety disorders and rating scales. A structured interview guide was created with the aim of covering all of the items of the instrument and grouping them into six categories. Specialists in mental health evaluated the guide. These professionals also watched the videotaped interviews of patients with and without social anxiety disorders, and, based on the interview guide, they rated the scale to evaluate its reliability. RESULTS: No semantic or linguistic adjustments were needed. For the complete scale, the general evaluation showed a percentage of agreement of 0.84 and intraclass coefficient of 0.91. The mean inter-rater correlation was 0.84. CONCLUSIONS: The Portuguese-language version of the Brief Social Phobia Scale is available for use in the Brazilian population, with rather acceptable indicators of inter-rater reliability. The interview guide was useful in providing these values. Further studies are needed in order to improve the reliability and to study other psychometric properties of the instrument.

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