Asthma mortality in Spain from 1980 to 2019. Trends and perspectives in new treatment era

Background: Previous studies suggest that asthma mortality rates in Spain are decreasing but this trend was not observed for younger age groups. Objetive: To analyse mortality rates of asthma from the last 40 years, focusing on changes related with the development of new therapeutic approaches. Methods: Death records and mid-year population data were collected from the National Statistics Institute. By using the direct method, age-standardized mortality rates were calculated for overall population and for each sex and age group. Significant changes in mortality trends were identified by Joinpoint regressions. The independent effects of age, period and cohort (APC) and Potential Years of Life Lost (PYLL) due to asthma were also analysed. Results: Age-standardized asthma mortality rates decreased in Spain from 7.38 to 2.03 deaths per 100 000 from the first to the last quinquennium of the study (1980–1984 to 2015–2019) for the overall population. This decrease is more intense among men, where a decrease from 10.37/100.000 to 0.91/100.000 was observed versus 5.53 to 2.77/100.000 in women. All age groups have decreased mortality. While> 64 have stabilized their decline and 35-64 have even increased in the last 3 years, <35 maintain a rapid decline since the 1990s. Conclusion: There is a decline in asthma mortality rates starting in 1980, including younger cohorts starting in the 1990s, confirming earlier trends. Improved diagnosis and development of new therapies for asthma may they have a role in this event. Close monitoring of asthma mortality rates is necessary to confirm these trends.

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Descriptive-epidemiological characteristics of lung cancer in Serbia

Medicinski pregled ◽

10.2298/mpns0802016m ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 61 (1-2) ◽

pp. 16-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Natasa Maksimovic ◽

Kyriakos Spanopoulos

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Direct Method ◽

Age Groups ◽

Malignant Tumour ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Malignant Tumours ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

The Republic ◽

Epidemiological Characteristics

Introduction. Lung cancer represents the most common malignant tumour among men, and appears more and more frequently among women in many countries worldwide. The aims of this descriptive epidemiological study were to evaluate the mortality trends of all malignant tumours and lung cancer in Central Serbia from 1990 to 1999, and to estimate the incidence, mortality and the basic demographic characteristics of lung cancer in Central Serbia in 1999. Material and methods. The source of data concerning cancer cases in 1999 was the Cancer Registry of Central Serbia, while data of the Republic Statistics Institute were used for the analysis of mortality trends for the period 1990-1999. All rates were standardized by the direct method, to the world standard population. Confidence intervals for mortality rates were assessed with 95% level of probability. Linear regression coefficient was determined by Fisher's test. Results. The mortality rates showed rising tendencies for both lung cancer (y=-1876.26+0.96x, p=0.028 for men; y=654.78U).33x, p-0.001 for women) and all malignant tumours (y=-4139.88+2.15x, p=0.163 for men; y=3649.68 + 1.88x, p=0.016 for women), with statistically significant increase being observed for all trends, except all malignant tumours among men. In the year 1999, lung cancer ranked first among men and third among women, with 29.2% and 10.3% of cancer mortality respectively. The age-specific mortality rates were much higher in men in all age groups. Mortality increased with age and the highest rates were found in the age group 70-74 for both sexes. The highest incidence and mortality rates were reported in Belgrade, Moravicki and Sumadijski district. .

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Trends in mortality from lupus in Spain from 1980 to 2018

Lupus ◽

10.1177/0961203320952864 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (13) ◽

pp. 1719-1726

Author(s):

Juan Carlos Hernández-Rodríguez ◽

Antonio Jose Durán-Romero ◽

Alejandro Muñoz-Jiménez ◽

Julian Conejo-Mir ◽

Jose Juan Pereyra-Rodríguez

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Temporal Trends ◽

Population Data ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Years Of Life Lost ◽

Age Group ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

National Statistics

Background Recent studies suggest that Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) mortality rates in Spain are decreasing. However, SLE mortality in Spain has been poorly studied. The purpose of study is to assess the temporal trends of mortality rates in the Spanish population with SLE from 1980 to 2018. Methods Death records and mid-year population data were collected from the National Statistics Institute. Age-standardized mortality rates were calculated for overall population and for each sex and age group. Significant changes in mortality trends were identified by Joinpoint regressions. Also, an Age-period-cohort (APC) and Potential Years of Life Lost (PYLL) analysis was carried out to know the burden of SLE disease. Results The overall SLE mortality rates in Spain has experimented an increased through the last 39 years. Mortality rates from the period 1980–1984 was 0.83 per 1.000.000 inhabitants, reaching the value to 1.77 cases per 1.000.000 from the period 2014–2018. A decreasing trend has been observed since 1999. Conclusions SLE mortality rate has increased in Spain between 1980 and 1999, with a sustained decrease up to our days.

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Changes in life expectancy due to avoidable and non-avoidable deaths in Argentina, Chile, Colombia and Mexico, 2000-2011

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/0102-311x00093417 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Claudio Dávila-Cervantes ◽

Marcela Agudelo-Botero

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Life Expectancy ◽

Information Source ◽

Age Groups ◽

Population Data ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Vital Statistics ◽

Death Rates ◽

Avoidable Deaths ◽

Avoidable Death

Abstract: The objective of this study was to analyze the level and trend of avoidable deaths and non-avoidable deaths and their contribution to the change in life expectancy in Latin America by studying the situations in Argentina, Chile, Colombia and Mexico between the years 2000 and 2011, stratified by sex and 5-year age groups. The information source used in this study was the mortality vital statistics, and the population data were obtained from censuses or estimates. The proposal by Nolte & McKee (2012) was used to calculate the standardized mortality rates and the influence from avoidable and non-avoidable causes in the change in life expectancy between 0 and 74 years. In Argentina, Chile and Colombia, all the rates declined between the years 2000 and 2011, whereas in Mexico, the avoidable deaths and non-avoidable deaths rates increased slightly for men and decreased for women. In all the countries, the non-avoidable death rates were higher than the avoidable death rates, and the rates were higher for men. The largest contributions to changes in life expectancy were explained by the non-avoidable deaths for men in all countries and for women in Argentina; in contrast, in Chile, Colombia and Mexico, the gains in years of life expectancy for women were mainly a result of avoidable causes. The results suggest there have been reductions in mortality from these causes that have resulted in gains in years of life expectancy in the region. Despite these achievements, differences between countries, sex and age groups are still present, without any noticeable progress in the reduction of these inequalities until now.

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Asthma Mortality in Canada, 1946 to 1990

Canadian Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1155/1995/921501 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 61-66 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Robert S Hogg ◽

Martin T Schechter ◽

Julio SG Montaner ◽

James C Hogg

Keyword(s):

Life Expectancy ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Population Based ◽

Years Of Life Lost ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Specific Mortality ◽

Statistics Canada ◽

Standardized Mortality Ratios ◽

The Impact ◽

Asthma Mortality

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of asthma on Canadian mortality rates over a 45-year period.DESIGN: A descriptive, population-based study.SETTING: Canada.SUBJECTS: All persons who died from asthma in Canada from 1946 to 1990 as reported to Statistics Canada in Ottawa.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Standardized mortality ratios, age-specific patterns of death, potential years of life lost (PYLL) and life expectancy lost.RESULTS: A total of 12,010 male and 8486 female asthma deaths were recorded in Canada from 1946 to 1990. Mortality rates for both sexes declined from a high of between three to six deaths in 1951 to 1955 to approximately two deaths per 100,000 in 1986 to 1990, with the decline in rates being greater for males than females. Age-specific mortality rates were highest al all ages in 1951 to 1955, except for 15 to 24 years when deaths rates for the 1981 to 1985 period were greater. PYLL exhibit the same pattern as mortality, peaking in 1951 to 1955 and subsequently declining with each period. Loss in life expectancy due to asthma was about one month (not significant) in all time periods.CONCLUSIONS: Asthma mortality rates have declined significantly over the study period. This decline appears to be linked with the convergence of sex-specific rates and with changes in the patterning or age-specific mortality. The impact of asthma on the life expectancy of Canadians is small.

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The Burden of Stroke in The Municipality of Chongqing, China, From 1990 To 2016

10.21203/rs.3.rs-42168/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shiya Yang ◽

Sha Ran ◽

Ping Liu ◽

Zuocheng Wu ◽

Dong Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Temporal Trends ◽

Age Groups ◽

Health Resources ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Western China ◽

Years Of Life Lost ◽

Prevalence Rates ◽

Disability Adjusted Life ◽

Life Years ◽

Disease Study

Abstract Background: The burden of stroke varies substantially across regions in China. However, comprehensive comparisons between regions are lacking. This study aims to analyze variations in stroke burden in the municipality of Chongqing, Western China, from 1990-2016. Methods: Data on prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) by age, sex, location, and year were extracted from the 2016 Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD 2016) of China between 1990-2016. The datasets were compared to examine the temporal trends in stroke burden in the last two decades.Results: In 2016, there were 670,438 cases of stroke, 41,022 deaths, and 847,437 DALYs due to stroke in Chongqing. Age-standardized mortality and DALY rates of IS and HS were higher in men whereas age-standardized prevalence rates of IS were higher in women. From 1990 to 2016, age-standardized prevalence rates of overall stroke increased by 33.29%, whereas mortality rates and DALYs decreased by 34.51% and 34.79%, respectively. YLLs were the main contributor to DALYs; however, the YLL/YLD ratio decreased over time. During the study period, the overall burden of stroke decreased, whereas the prevalence rate of IS increased in all age groups.Conclusions: Despite a decrease in mortality rates, the increase in the prevalence of stroke in Chongqing stresses the need to allocate more health resources. Special attention should be paid to discrepancies in the estimation of the type of stroke according to gender and age to determine mechanisms that explain the causes of stroke.

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Mortality and potential years of life lost by road traffic injuries in Brazil, 2013

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s1518-8787.2016050006465 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 50 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Silvânia Suely Caribé de Araújo Andrade ◽

Maria Helena Prado de Mello-Jorge

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Traffic Safety ◽

Skin Color ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Age Groups ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Years Of Life Lost ◽

Road Traffic Injuries ◽

Proportional Mortality ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the potential years of life lost by road traffic injuries three years after the beginning of the Decade of Action for Traffic Safety. METHODS We analyzed the data of the Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM – Mortality Information System) related to road traffic injuries, in 2013. We estimated the crude and standardized mortality rates for Brazil and geographic regions. We calculated, for the Country, the proportional mortality according to age groups, education level, race/skin color, and type or quality of the victim while user of the public highway. We estimated the potential years of life lost according to sex. RESULTS The mortality rate in 2013 was of 21.0 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants for the Country. The Midwest region presented the highest rate (29.9 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants). Most of the deaths by road traffic injuries took place with males (34.9 deaths per 100,000 males). More than half of the people who have died because of road traffic injuries were of black race/skin color, young adults (24.2%), individuals with low schooling (24.0%), and motorcyclists (28.5%). The mortality rate in the triennium 2011-2013 decreased 4.1%, but increased among motorcyclists. Across the Country, more than a million of potential years of life were lost, in 2013, because of road traffic injuries, especially in the age group of 20 to 29 years. CONCLUSIONS The impact of the high mortality rate is of over a million of potential years of life lost by road traffic injuries, especially among adults in productive age (early mortality), in only one year, representing extreme social cost arising from a cause of death that could be prevented. Despite the reduction of mortality by road traffic injuries from 2011 to 2013, the mortality rates increased among motorcyclists.

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Accelerated melanoma mortality rates among middle-aged white males with tumors of all thicknesses.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e21029 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e21029-e21029

Author(s):

Juliana Berk-Krauss ◽

David Polsky ◽

Jennifer Stein ◽

Alan Geller

Keyword(s):

White Women ◽

Age Groups ◽

White Men ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Age Group ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Men And Women ◽

And Gender ◽

Melanoma Mortality

e21029 Background: Effective early detection of melanoma remains one of the most crucial strategies in improving patient prognosis, due to the inverse relationship between primary tumor thickness and survival time. However, recent studies have demonstrated the mortality burden of thin melanomas is at least as severe as that of thicker melanomas. Recognizing specific mortality trends among men and women by age and thickness is essential for establishing targeted melanoma screening efforts. Methods: We evaluated Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) data from 2009-2013. Melanoma thickness was divided into four standard categories: 0.01-1.00mm, 1.01-2.00mm, 2.01-4.00mm and > 4.01 mm. Melanoma mortalities were calculated among white men and women by age and thickness. We used a Bayesian analysis to calculate the probability of an individual dying from a melanoma of a given gender, age, and thickness. We then compared these probabilities between men and women. Results: Among white men, the largest increases in mortality rates occurred in the jump from the 45-49 to 50-54 age group at an increase of 68% for 0.01-1.00mm tumors, and from the 50-54 to 55-59 age group at an increase of 91% for 1.01-2.00mm tumors, 71% 2.01-4.00mm tumors and 80% for > 4.01mm tumors. In white women, mortality rates regardless of thickness increased at a slow incremental pace, across all age groups at an average overall rate of 36%. Mortality rates for white men with < 1mm and 1.01-2mm melanomas were comparable within the age groups less than 64 years, as was the case for white women with tumors of these thicknesses. The probability of a man dying was greater than of a woman for any age or thickness category. Conclusions: Melanoma mortality rate trends are nuanced and can vary significantly by age, thickness, and gender. In white men, mortality rates begin to accelerate sharply around the mid-50s age group. Screening efforts should therefore target detecting melanoma in middle-aged males in the in situ or earliest stage.

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All-cause and cancer mortality in a private health plan in Brazil: Ten years retrospective analysis.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e13610 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e13610-e13610

Author(s):

Joao Paulo Reis Neto ◽

Juliana Martinho Busch ◽

Stephen D. Stefani

Keyword(s):

Cause Of Death ◽

Health Plan ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Direct Method ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Years Of Life Lost ◽

Early Screening ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Circulatory System Diseases

e13610 Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. From 2014 to 2015 Brazil estimated more than 500,000 new cases of cancer, which placed the country among those with the highest cancer incidence. This study evaluates the 10-year evolution of mortality rates due to all causes and cancer and to estimate the potential years of life lost (PYLL) in beneficiaries of health plan, according to sex, age and geographic region. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional, descriptive study evaluated the causes of death, between 2008 and 2017, by sex and age groups, for all causes (AC) and cancer (CA) data from the health insurance system. The information on the death certificates (DC) was coded according to the ICD-10. Age was stratified into groups: up to 49 years, 50–59 years, 60–69 years, 70–79 years and 80 years or more. Data were analyzed by checking the proportions and mortality rates (MR), grouped into two five-year periods, 2008-2012 (P1) e 2013-2017 (P2). Annual MR per 100,000 population was estimated using the direct method and proportional mortality rates (PMR). To calculate the potential years of life lost (PYLL) the upper limit was 76 years old. The avoidable MR was also analyzed for individuals up to 75 years and cancer. Microsoft Excel v2010 and Qlik Sense v13.21 were used to analyze data and statistics. Results: 5,779 deaths were analyzed, 4,447 in men (77.0%, average 70.1 years) and 1,332 women (33%, 75.9 years). Cancer was the second leading cause of death (n = 953, PMR 16.5%), behind cardiovascular disease (n = 1,662 PMR 28.8%). The major crude death rate per 100,000 was due circulatory system diseases (347), followed by cancer (199) and respiratory system diseases (110). The highest cancer MR were in men, elderly and Brazilian regions with the lowest Human Development Index (HDI). Greatest number of deaths in men at P1 were from cancers of lung (CMP 19.8%), prostate (14.2%) and pancreas (8.0%). At P2, prostate (18.2%), lung (16.8%) and stomach (7.6%). In women, during P1, breast (20.2%), lung (13.1%) and pancreas (83%), and during P2, the same order, 22.5%, 14.6% and 9.3%, respectively. Cancer accounted for a total of 6,335 PYLL and 40.9% of causes of death were classified as avoidable. Conclusions: Cancer was one of the leading causes of mortality during the study. High pancreatic cancer MR differs from national statistics, requiring more analysis that involves possible occupational exposure. Although preventive actions for healthy life habits, early screening and diagnosis, Brazil presents high cancer mortality rates as showed in this analysis.

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Changing mortality trends in countries and cities of the UK: a population-based trend analysis

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038135 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. e038135

Author(s):

David Walsh ◽

Gerry McCartney ◽

Jon Minton ◽

Jane Parkinson ◽

Deborah Shipton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trend Analysis ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Age Groups ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Population Based ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Relative Index ◽

Index Of Inequality ◽

The Uk

ObjectivesPreviously improving life expectancy and all-cause mortality in the UK has stalled since the early 2010s. National analyses have demonstrated changes in mortality rates for most age groups and causes of death, and with deprived populations most affected. The aims here were to establish whether similar changes have occurred across different parts of the UK (countries, cities), and to examine cause-specific trends in more detail.DesignPopulation-based trend analysis.Participants/settingWhole populations of countries and selected cities of the UK.Primary and secondary outcome measuresEuropean age-standardised mortality rates (calculated by cause of death, country, city, year (1981–2017), age group, sex and—for all countries and Scottish cities—deprivation quintiles); changes in rates between 5-year periods; summary measures of both relative (relative index of inequality) and absolute (slope index of inequality) inequalities.ResultsChanges in mortality from around 2011/2013 were observed throughout the UK for all adult age groups. For example, all-age female rates decreased by approximately 4%–6% during the 1980s and 1990s, approximately 7%–9% during the 2000s, but by <1% between 2011/2013 and 2015/2017. Equivalent figures for men were 4%–7%, 8%–12% and 1%–3%, respectively. This later period saw increased mortality among the most deprived populations, something observed in all countries and cities analysed, and for most causes of death: absolute and relative inequalities therefore increased. Although similar trends were seen across all parts of the UK, particular issues apply in Scotland, for example, higher and increasing drug-related mortality (with the highest rates observed in Dundee and Glasgow).ConclusionsThe study presents further evidence of changing mortality in the UK. The timing, geography and socioeconomic gradients associated with the changes appear to support suggestions that they may result, at least in part, from UK Government ‘austerity’ measures which have disproportionately affected the poorest.

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An expanding HIV epidemic among older adults in Ukraine: Implications for patient-centered care

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0256627 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. e0256627

Author(s):

Julia Rozanova ◽

Oleksandr Zeziulin ◽

Katherine M. Rich ◽

Frederick L. Altice ◽

Tetiana Kiriazova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Age Groups ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Target Population ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Hiv Treatment ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Incidence And Mortality

Introduction The Eastern Europe and Central Asian (EECA) region has the highest increase in HIV incidence and mortality globally, with suboptimal HIV treatment and prevention. All EECA countries (except Russia) are low and middle-income (LMIC). While LMIC are home to 80% of all older people living with HIV (OPWH), defined as ≥50 years, extant literature observed that newly diagnosed OPWH represent the lowest proportion in EECA relative to all other global regions. We examined HIV diagnoses in OPWH in Ukraine, a country emblematic of the EECA region. Methods We analysed incident HIV diagnoses from 2015–2018 and mortality trends from 2016–2018 for three age groups: 1) 15–24 years; 2) 25–49 years; and 3) ≥50 years. AIDS was defined as CD4<200cells/mL. Mortality was defined as deaths per 1000 patients newly diagnosed with HIV within the same calendar year. Mortality rates were calculated for 2016, 2017, and 2018, compared to age-matched general population rates, and all-cause standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated. Results From 2015–2018, the proportion of OPWH annually diagnosed with HIV increased from 11.2% to 14.9% (p<0.01). At the time of diagnosis, OPWH were also significantly (p<0.01) more likely to have AIDS (43.8%) than those aged 25–49 years (29.5%) and 15–24 years (13.3%). Newly diagnosed OPWH had the same-year mortality ranging from 3 to 8 times higher than age-matched groups in the Ukrainian general population. Conclusions These findings suggest a reassessment of HIV testing, prevention and treatment strategies in Ukraine is needed to bring OPWH into focus. OPWH are more likely to present with late-stage HIV and have higher mortality rates. Re-designing testing practices is especially crucial since OPWH are absent from targeted testing programs and are increasingly diagnosed as they present with AIDS-defining symptoms. New strategies for linkage and treatment programs should reflect the distinct needs of this target population.

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