scholarly journals A study on the prescription pattern of antifungal drugs in the Dermatology Department of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Southern Kerala

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Parvathy Gopimohan ◽  
Sudha M. J. ◽  
Rathish T. Pillai ◽  
Ramani P. T.
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Dermatology Department ◽  
Prescription Pattern ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Dose Combination ◽  
Cutaneous Fungal Infection

Background: Skin disorders form 2% of total Out Patient Department consultations worldwide. But no such data is available from India. Studying prescription pattern is a component of medical audit that help prescribers to provide rational and cost-effective medical care. This study is about the prescription pattern of antifungals in this institution and will help in developing local policies for appropriate use of antifungal drugs. The objective was to study the prescription pattern of antifungals in dermatological diseases.Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted from 1st June 2017 to 30th November 2017 in Dermatology Department. Prescriptions included all newly diagnosed patients with cutaneous fungal infection of both sex who attended Dermatology OPD. Factors considered were sociodemographic parameters, number of patients with combination and monotherapy, number of single topical agents and Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) details of prescribing indicators.Results: 1500 prescriptions were analysed; 500 prescriptions were of fungal infection. 40.2% of the patients were in 18-35 years age group. There were a greater number of males (59.6%) than females (40.4%).Conclusions: The most common oral antifungal used was fluconazole. Terbinafine and clotrimazole were the most commonly used topical agents.

scholarly journals A pharmacoepidemiology study of local fungal infections in skin and venereal diseases outpatient department of a rural tertiary care hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 616
Author(s):  
Preety Bansal ◽  
Seema Baishnab
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Dermatology Department ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Common Skin ◽  
Cutaneous Fungal Infection ◽  
Number Of Males

Background: Fungal infections of the skin were the 4th most common skin disease in 2010 affecting 984 million people. An estimated 20-25% of the world’s population has some form of fungal infection. Dermatophytes are fungi that cause superficial infections of the skin, commonly referred to as tinea infections.Methods: This was a prospective and an observational study conducted from February 2018 to January 2019 in Dermatology Department. Prescriptions included all newly diagnosed patients with cutaneous fungal infection of both sex who attended dermatology OPD. Factors considered were sociodemographic parameters, the disease encountered and number of patients in each group and number of patients who received antifungal therapy (oral and topical) etc.Results: 1000 prescriptions were analysed of patients between 18 to 65 years of age with cutaneous fungal infections. There were a greater number of males (57.4%) than females (42.6%). The average number of antifungal drugs prescribed per prescription was 2.33. Majority of the patients were prescribed itraconazole (82.30%) followed by terbinafine (9.70%) and fluconazole (8.0%).Conclusions: The most common oral antifungal drug used was itraconazole. Ketoconazole and Terbinafine were the most commonly used topical agents respectively.

3D printing in pharmacy

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-60
Author(s):  
Yuliya Prozherina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Major Step ◽  
Combination Drugs ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Dose Combination ◽  
Research Stage

3D printing of drugs is an innovative and cost-effective technology, which is a major step towards personalized medicine. This technology can be used for the development of controlled-release drugs; fixed-dose combination drugs, as well as for the creation of orodispersible dosage forms. The global 3D drug market is still largely at the research stage, but its rapid growth is expected in the coming decade [1].

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of the fixed-dose combination tiotropium/olodaterol versus tiotropium monotherapy or a fixed-dose combination of long-acting β2-agonist/inhaled corticosteroid for COPD in Finland, Sweden and the Netherlands: a model-based study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e049675
Author(s):  
Martine Hoogendoorn ◽  
Isaac Corro Ramos ◽  
Stéphane Soulard ◽  
Jennifer Cook ◽  
Erkki Soini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fixed Dose Combination ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroid ◽  
Dose Combination ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Β2 Agonist ◽  
Country Specific

ObjectivesChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) guidelines advocate treatment with combinations of long-acting bronchodilators for patients with COPD who have persistent symptoms or continue to have exacerbations while using a single bronchodilator. This study assessed the cost-utility of the fixed dose combination of the bronchodilators tiotropium and olodaterol versus two comparators, tiotropium monotherapy and long-acting β2 agonist/inhaled corticosteroid (LABA/ICS) combinations, in three European countries: Finland, Sweden and the Netherlands.MethodsA previously published COPD patient-level discrete event simulation model was updated with most recent evidence to estimate lifetime quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and costs for COPD patients receiving either tiotropium/olodaterol, tiotropium monotherapy or LABA/ICS. Treatment efficacy covered impact on trough forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), total and severe exacerbations and pneumonias. The unit costs of medication, maintenance treatment, exacerbations and pneumonias were obtained for each country. The country-specific analyses adhered to the Finnish, Swedish and Dutch pharmacoeconomic guidelines, respectively.ResultsTreatment with tiotropium/olodaterol gained QALYs ranging from 0.09 (Finland and Sweden) to 0.11 (the Netherlands) versus tiotropium and 0.23 (Finland and Sweden) to 0.28 (the Netherlands) versus LABA/ICS. The Finnish payer’s incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of tiotropium/olodaterol was €11 000/QALY versus tiotropium and dominant versus LABA/ICS. The Swedish ICERs were €6200/QALY and dominant, respectively (societal perspective). The Dutch ICERs were €14 400 and €9200, respectively (societal perspective). The probability that tiotropium/olodaterol was cost-effective compared with tiotropium at the country-specific (unofficial) threshold values for the maximum willingness to pay for a QALY was 84% for Finland, 98% for Sweden and 99% for the Netherlands. Compared with LABA/ICS, this probability was 100% for all three countries.ConclusionsBased on the simulations, tiotropium/olodaterol is a cost-effective treatment option versus tiotropium or LABA/ICS in all three countries. In both Finland and Sweden, tiotropium/olodaterol is more effective and cost saving (ie, dominant) in comparison with LABA/ICS.

scholarly journals Prescription Pattern of Primary Osteoarthritis in Tertiary Medical Centre

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 037-042
Author(s):  
Sowmya Sham Kanneppady ◽  
Sham Kishor Kanneppady ◽  
Vijaya Raghavan ◽  
Aung Myo Oo ◽  
Ohn Mar Lwin
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Chondroitin Sulfate ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Medical Centre ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Prescription Pattern ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Dose Combination

Abstract Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the commonest joint/musculoskeletal disorders, affecting the middle aged and elderly, although younger people may be affected as a result of injury or overuse. The study aimed to analyze the data, evaluate the prescription pattern and rationality of the use of drugs in the treatment of primary OA with due emphasis on the available treatment regimens. Materials and methods: Medical case records of patients suffering from primary OA attending the department of Orthopedics of a tertiary medical centre were the source of data. The study was carried out prospectively for a period of 20 months (from December 2012 to July 2014). Results: 296 case records were collected in which the total number of drugs prescribed were 550. OA was more common in females (51.7%) and was more prevalent in the age group of 30–40 years (39%). Out of 550 drugs prescribed, Aceclofenac was the most frequently prescribed NSAID (29%) followed by Diclofenac (23%). Nimesulide and Paracetamol was the most commonly prescribed fixed dose combination (53). Among gastroprotectives, Ranitidine figured in 66 prescriptions. Glucocorticoids were prescribed orally and intraarticularly in 17 and 14 cases respectively. Dietary supplements like Calcium+Vitamin D (42) and Glucosamine Sulfate + Chondroitin Sulfate complex (19) were also prescribed. Conclusion: The above study highlights the rational use of therapeutic agents for primary OA.

CLINICAL PROFILE OF OUTPATIENTS ATTENDING DERMATOLOGY DEPARTMENT DURING COVID-19 LOCKDOWN RELAXATION PERIOD IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN SOUTH INDIA – A CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYTICAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Afthab Jameela Wahab ◽  
Pavithra Gunasekaran ◽  
P. Mohan ◽  
V. Sudha ◽  
L. Balamurugan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Dermatology Department ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Relaxation Period ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Outpatient Practice ◽  
The Impact

Background - The cutaneous manifestations of the novel coronavirus have been well documented. However, there are few studies that relate to the clinical prole of regular dermatology outpatients seeking treatment during the lockdown relaxation period braving the pandemic. With the Aim - view to determine the changes seen in dermatology outpatient practice, this study analysed the clinical prole of new patients attending the Dermatology Outpatient Department (OPD) during the COVID-19 lockdown relaxation period in a tertiary care centre in a metropolitan suburb in South India. New dermatology outpatients during the months of May, June, July and August Method - 2020 were included in the study. Outpatient data for this period was analysed and compared with corresponding data for the same period in the previous two years. There was a Result – decrease in the OP census, number of patients in the extremes of life as well as those with asymptomatic dermatoses. There was an increase in the number of patients with infections, particularly dermatophytosis. There was also a noteworthy absence of dermatological emergencies. Conclusion - In essence, our study shows the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the routine dermatology outpatient services with signicant changes in the clinical prole of outpatient practice following lockdown relaxation.

PRESCRIPTION PATTERN OF PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS IN A PSYCHIATRY OPD OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL – A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY.

2021 ◽  
pp. 191-194
Author(s):  
Kishore M S ◽  
Narendra Kumar ◽  
S Sindhu
Keyword(s):  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prescription Pattern

Background: The expanding and challenging eld of psychopharmacology is constantly seeking new and improved drugs to treat psychiatric disorders. Psychotropic drugs utilization in actual clinical practice, effectiveness and safety in the real-life situation needs continuous study. Therefore, the study was undertaken to analyze the prescription pattern of psychotropic drugs. Methods: A Cross sectional study was conducted in the psychiatry out-patient department of a tertiary care hospital for 4 months. Diagnosis was made according to ICD-10 criteria. Prescription pattern was analyzed using World Health Organization (WHO) drug indicators. Results: Psychotropic drugs constituted 74.85% of the prescribed medication. Average number of the psychotropic drugs per prescription was 2.53. Percentage of prescriptions with injectable drugs accounted for 5.13%. 59.28% of the drugs were prescribed by generic names, while the rest were branded. 28% of prescriptions contained psychotropic FDCs (Fixed dose th combination). 78.65% of the drugs were from the WHO's 18 List of Essential Medicines. Among the total psychotropic drugs prescribed, antipsychotics (43.87%) were the most commonly prescribed class of drugs followed by antidepressants (23.32%), anxiolytics (22.13%) and the mood stabilizers (9.88%) were the least. Conclusions: Prescription pattern of the psychotropic drugs were in accordance to the recommendations of various treatment guidelines. Antipsychotics were the most commonly prescribed psychotropic drugs.

Safety and feasibility of outpatient TPX regimen.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16057-e16057
Author(s):  
Dinesh Pendharkar ◽  
Hilal Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Advanced Cancer Patients ◽  
Treatment Delays ◽  
Female Age ◽  
Dose Combination ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
To Receive

e16057 Background: TPF has emerged as standard induction regimen in head and neck cancers. Along with docetaxel and platinum it involves continuous infusion of 5FU, which requires a prolonged admission or use of infusional devices, with added cost of treatment, not practical in many clinical situations and situations with limited resources. Keeping this in view, to make the schedule cost effective and outpatient based, we attempted to replace 5FU with oral capecitabine and study the safety and feasibility of TPX regimen (docetaxel, carboplatin and capecitabine) in advanced cancer patients. Methods: 12 patients (8 male, 4 female, age 51-67, median 58) with advanced metastatic disease, where palliative TPF regimen is generally used ,were prospectively planned to receive fixed dose combination of TPX regimen- docetaxel 120 mg day 1, carboplatin 450 mg day 2 and tab capecitabine 2000mg per day, in two divided doses, for five days q 3 weeks. There were 2 cases of cervical cancer, 3- GI tract and rest 7 had head and neck cancer. They were analysed for toxicity and tolerability. Results: In all 12 patients were given 39 courses of TPX regimen. The toxicities included weakness in 2/39 courses, loss of appetite 2/39, neutropenia grade 1 in 3/39, grade 2 in 3/39. During two course grade 3 neutropenia requiring intervention was recorded. The mucositis grade 1-2 was seen only on two occasions in previously radiated patients. There was no incidence of diarrhea. The treatment was well tolerated. All courses were given on time, and there were no treatment delays related to toxicity. Conclusions: TPX appears to be safe and feasible outpatient alternative to TPF. It has no infusional component allowing it to be used in day care setting. Efficacy data in bigger cohort is warranted.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS AND SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF FIXED DOSE COMBINATION OF NON-STEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS PRESCRIBED FOR ORTHOPEDIC PATIENTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
NILAY SOLANKI ◽  
ALPA GOR ◽  
BIRAJ PARMAR
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fixed Dose Combination ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Dose Combination ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Orthopedic Patients

Objective: Many Fix Dose Combinations (FDCs) being introduced in India are usually irrational. The most pressing concern with irrational FDCs is that they expose patients to unnecessary risk of adverse drug reactions, for instance, pediatric formulations of nimesulide+paracetamol. Despite their wide clinical use, their gastro-intestinal toxicity is a major limitation. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of FDCs in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the orthopedic department at a tertiary care teaching hospital. To study the effectiveness and safety parameters of fixed-dose combinations of Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs. Methods: This prospective, observational study was conducted among 150 out-patients of the orthopedic ward over a period of July 2013 to December 2013(Each combination with 50 patients). Three fixed-dose combinations utilized were paracetamol+diclofenac, paracetamol+ibuprofen and paracetamol+nimesulide. The effectiveness was analyzed by using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Disease Activity Scale (DAS) and the safety criteria were analyzed by using the WHO probability scale and Naranjo scale. 150 orthopedic patients attending Out Patient Department were included. 50 participants for each of the combinations of fixed-dose combination (FDCs) of NSAIDs. Results: Out of 150 patients 33 patients developed adverse effects, and 17(51.51%) adverse effects due to the combination of Paracetmol+Nimuselide, 11(33.34%) adverse effects due to the Paracetamol+Ibuprofen and 5 (15.15%) were due to the combination of Paracetamol+Diclofenac. The maximum effectiveness (3.55±0.208) showed in the combination of paracetamol+diclofenac compared to the other two combinations. Conclusion: It was concluded from this study that the effectiveness and safety profile of PCM+DICLO is better than the other two FDCs.

Prescribing Pattern of Drugs in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Bangalore, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1265-1269
Author(s):  
F. Makiabadi ◽  
Rajeswari R R ◽  
Jayashree AK
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Essential Medicine ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
Case Report Form ◽  
Prescription Pattern ◽  
Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽  
Care Teaching ◽  
Standard Set

Objective: To assess the drug prescription pattern in the department of obstetrics and gynecology At A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Bangalore, India. Methodology: A prospective observational study on Drug Utilization pattern was done in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of a 950 bedded tertiary care teaching hospital in Bangalore for 6 months. All patients were admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Patients satisfying Inclusion criteria were enrolled after obtaining Informed Consent. Patient data entered into Case Report Form (CRF). Medication orders were observed for Prescription patterns. WHO Prescription indicators will be used to study the number of drugs per encounter, percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name, percentage of encounters with an antibiotic, percentage of encounters with an injection, percentage of drugs prescribed. Result: A total of 120 cases were collected. A total of 1004 drugs were prescribed which included 244 (24.30%) minerals and vitamin supplements, 219 (21.81%) Antibiotics, 146 (14.55%) Gastric acid Secretion Inhibitors, 108(10.75%) Analgesics, 35 (3.49%) Antihypertensive drugs, 22 (2.19%)Antifungal drugs, 32 (3.19%) Anti-diabetic drugs, 32 (3.19%) Anti-spasmodic, 41 (4.08%) Antiemetic drugs, 12 (1.19%) Corticosteroids, 16 (1.59%) Anticonvulsant drugs, 97 (9.66%) in the category of “Others”: Anti sceptics, Topical agents, Oxytocic, Antihyperlipidemic drugs, Oral contraceptives, etc. Percentage of Drugs used in different categories were, In our study majority of drugs from Category A (45.405), Category B (35.63%), Category C (16.67%), Category D (2.30%). the average number of drugs per prescription in this study (8.36) is higher than the standard set by WHO (1.6-1.8), percentage of patients prescribed with Injectables is 39.70% this is also high when compared with the range of the standard set by WHO. Conclusion: The results of our study highlight several areas that need improvement, most importantly there is Polypharmacy was practiced as the average number of drugs (8.36) per prescription when compared with a standard set by WHO. Another area that is Percentage of drugs prescribed by Generic name is also low which also need to improve. Iron, Calcium, and Folic acid were the most frequently prescribed drugs. Overall drug use pattern is rational with few exceptions which were mentioned above. The majority of the drugs were prescribed from the Essential Medicine List and the majority of drugs were prescribed as per FDA Category A the Safest Category during pregnancy. Keywords: prescription pattern, Obstetrics, Gynecology

scholarly journals TO STUDY THE DRUG USE PATTERN IN PRIMARY OPEN ANGLE GLAUCOMA IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Deepalatha C ◽  
Leela Pratyusha Mb
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Fixed Dose Combination ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Care Teaching ◽  
Dose Combination

Objective: To study the drug utilization pattern in patients suffering from primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: It is a prospective study done on 50 patients of POAG (comprising of individuals belonging to any age group). This study was carried for a period of 2-month, and the data included patient’s demographic details and the drugs prescribed. Data were analyzed for drug use pattern.Results: After screening the prescriptions of patients, it was found out that out of total 50 prescriptions, 30 were males, and 20 were females. Out of50 prescriptions, prostaglandins (58%) were most commonly prescribed. β-blockers (16%) were also prescribed. Fixed dose combination constituted60% of the prescriptions. Instructions about the route, frequency, and duration of treatment were present in all prescriptions. Drugs prescribed by their generic names were 18.75% and about 81.25% of the drugs were prescribed by their brand names.Conclusions: Fixed drug combination of timolol and dorzolamide was the most frequently prescribed combination. Prescribers must be aware ofimportance of prescribing drugs with generic names.Keywords: Primary open-angle glaucoma, Intraocular pressure, Fixed dose combination.

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